STOUP, stowp, _n._ (_Spens._). Same as STOOP (2).
STOUR, stowr, _n._ a tumult, battle, assault: a paroxysm. [O. Fr. _estour_, tumult.]
STOUT, stowt, _adj._ strong: robust: corpulent: resolute: proud: (_B._) stubborn.--_n._ extra strong porter.--_adj._ STOUT'-HEART'ED, having a brave heart.--_adv._ STOUT'-HEART'EDLY.--_n._ STOUT'-HEART'EDNESS.--_adv._ STOUT'LY.--_n._ STOUT'NESS (_B._), stubbornness. [O. Fr. _estout_, bold--Old Dut. _stolt_, stout; Ger. _stolz_, bold.]
STOUTHRIEF, stowth'r[=e]f, _n._ (_Scots law_) theft attended with violence--also STOUTH'RIE.--_n._ STOUTH'-AND-ROUTH (_Scot._), plenty, abundance.
STOVE, st[=o]v, _n._ an apparatus with a fire for warming a room, cooking, &c.: a pottery-kiln: an oven for heating the blast of a blast-furnace: a drying-room.--_v.t._ to heat or keep warm.--_ns._ STOVE'-PIPE, a metal pipe for carrying smoke from a stove to a chimney-flue; STOVE'PIPE-HAT, a high silk hat; STOVE'-PLANT, a plant cultivated in a stove; STOVE'-PLATE, a lid or plate covering one of the holes in a cooking-stove. [A.S. _stofa_; Ger.
_stube_.]
STOVE, st[=o]v, _pa.t._ and _pa.p._ of _stave_.
STOVER, st[=o]v'[.e]r, _n._ (_Shak._) fodder for cattle. [O. Fr. _estover_, necessity--_estover_, _estoveir_, to fit.]
STOW, st[=o], _v.t._ to place: to arrange: to fill by packing things in: (_slang_) to put away out of sight: to be silent about.--_ns._ STOW'AGE, act of placing in order: state of being laid up: room for articles to be laid away: money paid for stowing goods; STOW'AWAY, one who hides himself in an outward-bound vessel in order to get a passage for nothing; STOW'DOWN, the process of stowing down in a ship's hold; STOW'ER, one who stows; STOW'ING, in mining, rubbish thrown into the cavities out of which the ore, coal, &c. have been taken. [M. E. _stowen_, to place--A.S. _stow_, a place; cf. Dut. _stuwen_, to stow, to push, Ger. _stauen_, to pack.]
STOW, stow, _v.t._ (_Scot._) to cut off, crop.
STOWLINS, st[=o]'linz, _adv._ (_Scot._) stealthily.
STOWN, stown, a Scotch form of _stolen_.
STRABISMUS, str[=a]-bis'mus, _n._ squint.--_adjs._ STRABIS'MAL, STRABIS'MIC, -AL.--_ns._ STRABISMOM'ETER, STRABOM'ETER, an instrument for measuring strabismus; STRABOT'OMY, the surgical operation for the cure of squinting, by the division of the muscle or muscles that distort the eyeball. [Gr.,--_strabos_, squinting--_strephein_, to twist.]
STRADDLE, strad'l, _v.i._ to stride or part the legs wide: to stand or walk with the legs far apart: to seem favourable to both sides in any question that divides opinion into parties, to trim with regard to any controversy.--_v.t._ to stand or sit astride of.--_n._ act of straddling: an attempt to fill a non-committal position: a stock-transaction in which the buyer obtains the privilege of either a _put_ or a _call_: a vertical mine-timber supporting a set.--_adv._ astride.--_adj._ STRADD'LE-LEGGED, having the legs wide apart. [A freq. from A.S. _str['ae]d_, _pa.t._ of _stridan_, stride.]
STRADIVARIUS, strad-i-v[=a]'ri-us, _n._ a violin, esp. one made by the famous Antonio _Stradivari_ (1649-1737) of Cremona.
STRAE, str[=a], _n._ (_Scot._) straw.--STRAE DEATH, death in one's bed from natural causes, as opposed to death by accident, by violence, by the rope, &c.
STRAGGLE, strag'l, _v.i._ to wander from the course: to ramble: to stretch beyond proper limits: to be dispersed.--_ns._ STRAGG'LER, one who straggles from the course: a wandering fellow: a vagabond: a migratory animal found away from its usual range; STRAGG'LE-TOOTH, a misshapen or misplaced tooth.--_adv._ STRAGG'LINGLY, in a straggling manner.--_n._ STRAGGL'ING-MON'EY, money paid for apprehending deserters and men absent without leave: money deducted from the wages of such absentees.--_adj._ STRAGG'LY, straggling, spread out. [For _strackle_, freq. of M. E.
_straken_--A.S. _strican_, to go.]
STRAGULUM, strag'[=u]-lum, _n._ the mantle or pallium in ornithology. [L., a cover.]
STRAIGHT, str[=a]t, _adj._ direct: being in a right line: not crooked: nearest: upright: free from disorder: honourable, fair: unqualified, out-and-out: consisting of a sequence at poker: (_slang_) undiluted, neat, as a dram of whisky, &c., direct, authoritative, reliable.--_adv._ immediately: in the shortest time.--_v.t._ to straighten.--_n._ STRAIGHT'-ARCH, an arch in the form of two sides of an isosceles triangle.--_adjs._ STRAIGHT'AWAY, straight forward; STRAIGHT'-CUT, cut lengthwise of the leaf, of tobacco.--_n._ STRAIGHT'-EDGE, a narrow board or piece of metal having one edge perfectly straight for applying to a surface to ascertain whether it be exactly even.--_v.t._ STRAIGHT'EN, to make straight.--_ns._ STRAIGHT'ENER, one who, or that which, straightens; STRAIGHT'-FACE, a sober, unsmiling face.--_adv._ STRAIGHT'FORTH directly: henceforth.--_adj._ STRAIGHTFOR'WARD, going forward in a straight course: honest: open: downright.--_adv._ STRAIGHTFOR'WARDLY.--_n._ STRAIGHTFOR'WARDNESS, direction in a straight course: undeviating rectitude.--_adv._ STRAIGHT'LY, tightly: closely.--_n._ STRAIGHT'NESS, narrowness: tightness.--_adjs._ STRAIGHT'-OUT, out-and-out; STRAIGHT'-PIGHT (_Shak._), straight, erect.--_adv._ STRAIGHT'WAY, directly: immediately: without loss of time. [A.S. _streht_, pa.p. of _streccan_, to stretch.]
STRAIK, str[=a]k, _n._ a Scotch form of _stroke_.
STRAIN, str[=a]n, _v.t._ to stretch tight: to draw with force: to exert to the utmost: to injure by overtasking: to make tight: to constrain, make uneasy or unnatural: to press to one's self, to embrace: to pass through a filter.--_v.i._ to make violent efforts: to filter.--_n._ the act of straining: a violent effort: an injury inflicted by straining, esp. a wrenching of the muscles: a note, sound, or song, stretch of imagination, &c.: any change of form or bulk of a portion of matter either solid or fluid, the system of forces which sustains the strain being called the _stress_: mood, disposition.--_ns._ STRAIN'ER, one who, or that which, strains: an instrument for filtration: a sieve, colander, &c.; STRAIN'ING, a piece of leather for stretching as a base for the seat of a saddle.--STRAIN A POINT, to make a special effort: to exceed one's duty; STRAIN AT, in Matt. xxiii. 24, a misprint for STRAIN OUT. [O. Fr.
_straindre_--L. _string[)e]re_, to stretch tight. Cf. _String_ and _Strong_.]
STRAIN, str[=a]n, _n._ race, stock, generation: descent: natural tendency, any admixture or element in one's character.--_n._ STRAIN'ING-BEAM, a tie-beam uniting the tops of the queen-posts. [M. E. _streen_--A.S.
_gestreon_, gain; confused in M. E. with the related M. E. _strend_--A.S.
_strynd_, lineage.]
STRAINT, str[=a]nt, _n._ (_Spens._) violent tension.
STRAIT, str[=a]t, _adj._ difficult: distressful: (_obs._ strict, rigorous: narrow, so in _B._).--_n._ a narrow pass in a mountain, or in the ocean between two portions of land: difficulty, distress.--_v.t._ to stretch, tighten: to distress.--_v.t._ STRAIT'EN, to make strait or narrow: to confine: to draw tight: to distress: to put into difficulties.--_adjs._ STRAIGHT'-HEART'ED, stingy; STRAIT'-LACED, rigid or narrow in opinion.--_adv._ STRAIT'LY, narrowly: (_B._) strictly.--_ns._ STRAIT'NESS, state of being strait or narrow: strictness: (_B._) distress or difficulty; STRAIT'-WAIST'COAT, STRAIT'-JACK'ET, a dress made with long sleeves, which are tied behind, so that the arms are confined. [O. Fr. _estreit_, _estrait_ (Fr. _etroit_)--L. _strictus_, _pa.p._ of _string[)e]re_, to draw tight.]
STRAKE, str[=a]k, obsolete _pa.t._ of _strike_.
STRAKE, str[=a]k, _n._ one breadth of plank in a ship, either within or without board, wrought from the stem to the sternpost: the hoop or tire of a wheel; (_obs._) a bushel: the place where ore is assorted on a mine floor.--Also STRAIK. [A variant of _streak_.]
STRAMASH, stra-mash', _n._ (_Scot._) a tumult, disturbance.--_v.t._ to beat, destroy.
STRAMMEL, stram'el, _n._ straw.--_adj._ STRAMIN'EOUS, strawy, light like straw.
STRAMONIUM, str[=a]-m[=o]'ni-um, _n._ a common narcotic weed of the Nightshade family, called also the _Thorn-apple_, _Stink-weed_, and _Jimson-weed_--_Datura Stramonium_: a drug prepared from its seeds and leaves, resembling belladonna, good in asthma.--Also STRAM'ONY.
STRAND, strand, _n._ the margin or beach of the sea or of a lake: (_Scot._) a rivulet, a gutter.--_v.t._ to run aground: to be stopped.--_v.i._ to drift or be driven ashore.--_p.adj._ STRAND'ED, driven on shore: left helpless without further resource. [A.S. _strand_; Ger. _strand_, Ice.
_strond_, border.]
STRAND, strand, _n._ one of the strings or parts that compose a rope.--_v.t._ to break a strand: to form by uniting strands. [Dut.
_streen_, a skein; Ger. _strahne_.]
STRANGE, str[=a]nj, _adj._ foreign: belonging to another country: not formerly known, heard, or seen: not domestic: new: causing surprise or curiosity, marvellous: unusual, odd: estranged, reserved: unacquainted with, unversed: not lawfully belonging to one.--_adv._ STRANGE'LY.--_ns._ STRANGE'NESS; STR[=A]N'GER, a foreigner: one from homed: one unknown or unacquainted: a guest or visitor: one not admitted to communion or fellowship: a popular premonition of the coming of a visitor by a bit of stalk in a cup of tea, guttering in a candle, &c.--STRANGE WOMAN, a whore.
[O. Fr. _estrange_ (Fr. _etrange_)--L. _extraneus_--_extra_, beyond.]
STRANGLE, strang'gl, _v.t._ to compress the throat so as to prevent breathing and destroy life: to choke: to hinder from birth or appearance: to suppress.--_n._ STRANG'LER.--_n.pl._ STRANG'LES, a contagious eruptive disorder peculiar to young horses.--_n._ STRANG'LE-WEED, the dodder, the broom-rape.--_v.t._ STRANG'ULATE, to strangle: to compress so as to suppress or suspend function.--_p.adj._ STRANG'ULATED, having the function stopped by compression: constricted, much narrowed.--_n._ STRANGUL[=A]'TION, act of strangling: compression of the throat and partial suffocation: the state of a part abnormally constricted. [O. Fr.
_estrangler_ (Fr. _etrangler_)--L. _strangul[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_--Gr.
_strangaloein_, to strangle, _strangos_, twisted.]
STRANGURY, strang'g[=u]-ri, _n._ painful retention of, or difficulty in discharging, urine.--_adj._ STRANG[=U]'RIOUS. [L. _stranguria_--Gr.
_strangx_, a drop, from _stranggein_, to squeeze, _ouron_, urine.]
STRAP, strap, _n._ a narrow strip of cloth or leather: a razor-strop: an iron plate secured by screw-bolts, for connecting two or more timbers: (_naut._) a piece of rope formed into a circle, used to retain a block in its position: (_slang_) credit, esp. for liquor.--_v.t._ to beat or bind with a strap: to strop, as a razor: (_Scot._) to hang:--_pr.p._ strap'ping; _pa.t._ and _pa.p._ strapped.--_n._ STRAP'-GAME, the swindling game better known as _Prick-the-garter_, _Fast-and-loose_.--_n.pl._ STRAP'-MOUNTS, the buckles, &c., fitted on leather straps.--_ns._ STRAP'-OIL, a thrashing; STRAP'PER, one who works with straps, esp. one who harnesses horses: something big, a tall large person; STRAP'PING, the act of fastening with a strap: materials for straps: a thrashing.--_adj._ tall, handsome.--_adj._ STRAP'-SHAPED, shaped like a strap, ligulate.--_n._ STRAP'-WORK (_archit._), ornamentation consisting of crossed and interlaced fillets or bands. [Orig. _strop_, from A.S. _stropp_--L. _struppus_; cf. Gr.
_strophos_, a twisted band.]
STRAPPADO, strap-[=a]'do, _n._ (_Shak._) a punishment which consisted in pulling the victim to the top of a beam and letting him fall so as to break his bones.--_v.t._ (_Milt._) to torture or punish by the strappado. [It.
_strappata_--_strappare_, to pull.]
STRASS, stras, _n._ paste for making false gems. [J. _Strasser_.]
STRATA, str[=a]'ta, _pl._ of _stratum_.
STRATAGEM, strat'a-jem, _n._ an artifice, esp. in war: a plan for deceiving an enemy or gaining an advantage: any artifice generally.--_adjs._ STRATEGET'IC, -AL, STRATEG'IC, -AL, pertaining to, or done by, strategy.--_adv._ STRATEGET'ICALLY.--_ns._ STRATEGET'ICS, STRAT'EGY, generalship, or the art of conducting a campaign and manoeuvring an army: artifice or finesse generally.--_adv._ STRATEG'ICALLY.--_n._ STRAT'EGIST, one skilled in strategy. [Fr.,--L. _stratagema_--Gr.
_strat[=e]g[=e]ma_--_strat[=e]gos_, a general--_stratos_, an army, _agein_, to lead.]
STRATH, strath, _n._ in Scotland, an extensive valley through which a river runs. [Gael. _srath_, a valley--L. _strata_, a street.]
STRATHSPEY, strath'sp[=a], _n._ a Scotch dance, allied to and danced alternately with the reel, differing from it in being slower, and abounding in the jerky motion of dotted notes and semiquavers (when the latter precede the former it constitutes the _Scotch snap_), while the reel is almost entirely in smooth, equal, gliding motion: the music for a strathspey, or its movement. [_Strathspey_, valley of the _Spey_.]
STRATIFY, strat'i-f[=i], _v.t._ to form or lay in strata or layers:--_pr.p._ strat'ifying; _pa.t._ and _pa.p._ strat'if[=i]ed.--_adj._ STRATIC'ULATE, arranged in thin layers.--_n._ STRATIFIC[=A]'TION, act of stratifying: state of being stratified: process of being arranged in layers.--_adj._ STRAT'IFORM, in the form of strata. [Fr. _stratifier_--L.
_stratum_, _fac[)e]re_, to make.]
STRATIOTES, strat'i-[=o]-t[=e]z, _n._ the water-soldier. See under SOLDIER.
[Gr. _strati[=o]tes_, a soldier.]