GANGUE, GANG, gang, _n._ in mining, the stony matrix in which metallic ores occur. [Fr.,--Ger. _gang_, a vein.]
GANGWAY, gang'w[=a], _n._ a passage or way by which to go into or out of any place, esp. a ship: a way between rows of seats, esp. the cross-passage in the House of Commons, about half-way down the House, giving access to the rear-benches. The members 'above the gangway' are the ministers and ex-ministers, with their more immediate supporters. [A.S. _gangweg_; cf.
_gang_ and way.]
GANISTER, GANNISTER, gan'is-ter, _n._ a hard, close-grained siliceous stone, which often forms the stratum that underlies a coal-seam.
GANJA, gan'ja, _n._ an intoxicating preparation of Indian hemp.
GANNET, gan'et, _n._ a web-footed fowl found in the northern seas, the best-known of which is the solan goose. [A.S. _ganot_, a sea-fowl; Dut.
_gent_.]
GANOID, gan'oid, _adj._ belonging to an order of fishes once very large, but now decadent, including only seven genera (sturgeons, &c.).--_adj_.
GANOI'DIAN. [Gr. _ganos_, brightness, _eidos_, appearance.]
GANT, gant, _v.i._ (_Scot._) to yawn--also GAUNT.--_n._ a yawn.
GANTLET, gant'let, _n._ a glove. [Same as GAUNTLET.]
GANTLET, gant'let, GANTLOPE, gant'l[=o]p, _n._ a punishment consisting of driving a criminal through a lane formed by two files of men, who each strike him as he passes.--RUN THE GANTLET, to undergo the punishment of the gantlet: to be exposed to unpleasant remarks or treatment. [Confused with _gauntlet_, but from Sw. _gatlopp_--_gata_ (Eng. _gate_), a street, line of soldiers, _lopp_ (Eng. _leap_), course.]
GANTRY, gan'tri, _n._ a stand for barrels: a platform for a travelling-crane, &c.--Also GAUN'TRY.
GANYMEDE, gan'i-m[=e]d, _n._ a cup-bearer, pot-boy, from the beautiful youth who succeeded Hebe as cup-bearer to Zeus, being carried off to Olympus by the eagle of Zeus: a catamite.
GAOL, GAOLER, old spellings of JAIL, JAILER.
GAP, gap, _n._ an opening made by rupture or parting: a cleft: a passage: a deep ravine in a mountain-ridge: any breach of continuity.--_v.t._ to notch: to make a gap in.--_adjs._ GAP'PY, full of gaps; GAP-TOOTHED, lacking some of the teeth.--STAND IN THE GAP, to stand forward in active defence of something; STOP A GAP, to repair a defect, close a breach. [M.
E. _gappe_--Ice. _gap_, an opening.]
GAPE, g[=a]p, _v.i._ to open the mouth wide: to yawn: to stare with open mouth: to be open, like a gap.--_n._ act of gaping: width of the mouth when opened.--_ns._ GAP'ER; GAPES, a disease of birds, owing to the presence of trematode worms in the windpipe, shown by their uneasy gaping.--_adj._ GAP'ING, with mouth open in admiration.--_adv._ GAP'INGLY. [Ice. _gapa_, to open the mouth; Ger. _gaffen_, to stare.]
GAR, gar, GARFISH, gar'fish, _n._ a long slender fish of the pike family, with a pointed head. [A.S. _gar_, a dart.]
GAR, gar, _v.t._ (_Scot._) to cause, to compel. [Norse _ger(v)a_, to make (A.S. _gierwan_, _giarwian_), Sw. _gora_, Dan. _gjore_; cf. YARE.]
GARANCINE, gar'an-sin, _n._ a manufactured product of madder, used as a dye. [Fr.,--_garance_, madder.]
GARB, garb, _n._ fashion of dress: external appearance.--_v.t._ to clothe, array. [O. Fr. _garbe_--It. _garbo_, grace; of Teut. origin.]
GARB, garb, _n._ a sheaf of grain, frequently used in heraldry. [O. Fr.
_garbe_--Teut., as in Old High Ger. _garba_, a handful (Ger. _garbe_, Dut.
_garf_).]
GARBAGE, gar'b[=a]j, _n._ refuse, as the bowels of an animal: any worthless matter. [Of doubtful origin; prob. O. Fr. _garbe_, a sheaf; not conn. with _garble_.]
GARBLE, gar'bl, _v.t._ to select what may serve our own purpose, in a bad sense: to mutilate, corrupt, or falsify.--_n._ GAR'BLER, one who selects.
[Most prob. It. _garbellare_--Ar. _ghirbal_, a sieve.]
GARBOARD-STRAKE, gar'b[=o]rd-str[=a]k, _n._ the first range of planks laid on a ship's bottom next the keel. [Dut. _gaarboord_.]
GARBOIL, gar'boil, _n._ (_Shak._) disorder, uproar. [O. Fr. _garbouil_--It.
_garbuglio_, conn. with L. _bull[=i]re_, to boil.]
GARcON, gar-song', _n._ a boy: a waiter. [Fr.]
GARDANT, gard'ant, _adj._ (_her._) said of an animal represented as full-faced and looking forward. [Fr., pr.p. of _garder_, to look.]
GARDEN, gar'dn, _n._ a piece of ground on which flowers, &c., are cultivated: a pleasant spot.--_ns._ GAR'DENER; GAR'DEN-GLASS, a bell-glass for covering plants; GAR'DENING, the act of laying out and cultivating gardens; GAR'DEN-PAR'TY, a party held on the lawn or in the garden of a private house.--GARDEN OF EDEN (see EDEN); HANGING GARDEN, a garden formed in terraces rising one above another--e.g. those of Nebuchadnezzar at Babylon; MARKET GARDENER, a gardener who raises vegetables, fruits, &c. for sale; PHILOSOPHERS OF THE GARDEN, followers of Epicurus who taught in a garden. [O. Fr. _gardin_ (Fr. _jardin_); from Teut.]
GARDENIA, gar-d[=e]'ni-a, _n._ a genus of _Cinchonaceae_, tropical and subtropical trees and shrubs, with beautiful and fragrant flowers. [Named from the American botanist, Dr Alex. _Garden_ (died 1791).]
GARDYLOO, gar'di-l[=oo], _n._ the old warning cry of housewives in Edinburgh before throwing their slops out of the window into the street.
[Pseudo-Fr. _gare de l'eau_--should be _gare l'eau_, 'beware of the water.']
GARE, g[=a]r, _adj._ (_Scot._) greedy, miserly.
GAREFOWL, g[=a]r'fowl, _n._ the great auk, razor-billed auk. [Ice.
_geir-fugl_.]
GARFISH. See GAR (1).
GARGANTUAN, gar-gan't[=u]-an, _adj._ like Gargantua--i.e. enormous, prodigious.--_ns._ GARGAN'TUISM; GARGAN'TUIST. [From _Gargantua_, the hero of Rabelais, described as a giant of vast appetite.]
GARGARISM, gar'ga-rizm, _n._ a gargle.--_v.t._ GAR'GARISE.
GARGET, gar'get, _n._ a swelling in the throat of cattle and pigs: inflammation of a cow's udder.--Also GAR'GIL.
GARGLE, gar'gl, _v.t._ to wash the throat, preventing the liquid from going down by expelling air against it.--_n._ a preparation for washing the throat. [O. Fr. _gargouiller_--_gargouille_, the throat.]
[Illustration]
GARGOYLE, gar'goil, _n._ a projecting spout, conveying the water from the roof-gutters of buildings, often representing human or other figures. [O.
Fr. _gargouille_--L. _gurgulio_, throat.]
GARIBALDI, gar-i-bal'di, _n._ a woman's loose blouse, an imitation of the red shirts worn by the followers of the Italian patriot _Garibaldi_ (1807-1882).
GARISH, GAIRISH, g[=a]r'ish, _adj._ showy: gaudy.--_adv._ GAR'ISHLY.--_n._ GAR'ISHNESS. [Earlier _gaurish_, _gawrish_--_gaure_, to stare, perh. a freq. of _gaw_, to stare, cf. Ice. _ga_, to heed.]
GARLAND, gar'land, _n._ a wreath of flowers or leaves: a name for a book of extracts in prose or poetry: (_Shak._) the thing most prized.--_v.t._ to deck with a garland.--_n._ GAR'LAND[=A]GE, a decoration of garlands.--_adj._ GAR'LANDLESS.--_n._ GAR'LANDRY, garlands collectively.--CIVIC GARLAND, a crown of oak-leaves bestowed on a Roman soldier who saved a fellow-citizen's life in battle. [O. Fr. _garlande_; prob. Old High Ger. _wiara_, fine ornament.]
GARLICK, gar'lik, _n._ a bulbous-rooted plant of genus Allium, having a pungent taste and very strong smell.--_adj._ GAR'LICKY, like garlick. [A.S.
_garleac_--_gar_, a spear, _leac_, a leek.]
GARMENT, gar'ment, _n._ any article of clothing, as a coat or gown.--_v.t._ to clothe with a garment.--_adjs._ GAR'MENTED; GAR'MENTLESS.--_n._ GAR'MENTURE, clothing. [O. Fr. _garniment_--_garnir_, to furnish.]
GARNER, gar'n[.e]r, _n._ a granary or place where grain is stored up: a store of anything--e.g. experience.--_v.t._ to store as in a garner.--_v.i._ (_rare_) to accumulate.--_n._ GAR'NERAGE, a storehouse. [O.
Fr. _gernier_ (Fr. _grenier_)--L. _granarium_, -_ia_, a granary.]