82 Death of the younger Marius. _Sulla Felix_
83-81 _The Sullan Proscriptions_ Second Mithridatic War (Murena) Pompeius in Africa: triumphs as an Eques 81
81-79 Sulla Dictator. _Leges Corneliae_
80 +Cilicia made a Roman Province+ (11)
78 Death of Sulla
+78-72+ +War with Sertorius in Spain (Pompeius)+ Pharisees supreme in Judaea 78 Sisenna (_fl._ 78)
75 Mithridates in alliance with Sertorius
74 +Bithynia made a Roman Province+ (12) _Nicomedes leaves Bithynia to Rome_ 75 VARRO (116-27)
72 Betrayal and murder of Sertorius
+73-71+ +War with Spartacus and his gladiators+
71 Death of Spartacus (Crassus and Pompeius)
+74-63+ +Third Mithridatic War (Lucullus, Pompeius)+
72 Victory of _Cabira_ (Pontus). Lucullus reforms the province of Asia (hence unpopular with Equites) CATULLUS (84-54)
70 +First Consulship of Pompeius and Crassus+ Overthrow of the Sullan Constitution
69 Victory at _Tigranocerta_ (capital of Armenia) NEPOS (100-24)
67 Mutiny of Lucullus' soldiers. Mithridates recovers Pontus Rome interferes in Palestine 65 SALLUST (86-34) _Lex Gabinia_. Pompeius destroys the Pirates
66 _Lex Manilia_. Lucullus superseded by Pompeius Victory of _Nicopolis_ (Armenia). _Peace with Tigranes_ CICERO (106-43)
64 +Syria made a Roman Province+ (13)
63 Pompeius takes Jerusalem Death of Mithridates
63 +Cicero Consul+. Catiline's conspiracy crushed Cicero saluted as _Pater Patriae_
61 Pompeius' great Triumph
60 +First Triumvirate+ (Pompeius, Caesar, Crassus)
59 +Caesar's first Consulship+. The _Leges Iuliae_
+58-50+ +Caesar in Gaul+ (in Britain 55 and 54 B.C.) +Gaul divided into three Provinces+ (14, 15, 16) CAESAR (102-44)
58-57 Cicero's banishment and return A. Hirtius (ob. 43)
56 Conference of the Triumvirs at _Luca_
55 Second Consulship of Pompeius and Crassus
53 Disaster at _Carrhae_. Death of Crassus
52 +Pompeius sole Consul+ till August 1st
51-50 Cicero Governor of Cilicia
+49-45+ +Third Civil War (between Caesar and Pompeius)+
49 Caesar crosses the _Rubicon_
49 Caesar's successful campaign round _Lerida_ (Spain)
49 _Massilia_ surrenders to Caesar
49 Defeat and death of Curio in Africa
48 Caesar's unsuccessful investment of _Dyrrachium_ +Cleopatra+ 69-30
48 Battle of _Pharsalus_. Murder of Pompeius
47 Alexandrine War. Settlement of Asia
46 Battle of _Thapsus_. Death of Cato
45 Caesar sole Consul. Battle of _Munda_ (Spain) PUB. SYRUS (_fl._ 45)
44 +Murder of Caesar+ ---------------------------------------- IMPERIAL PERIOD.
---------------------------------------- 43 +Second Triumvirate+ (Lepidus, Antonius, Octavianus) Herod the Great in Judaea 37-4 Pollio (_fl._ 40) VERGIL (70-19)
42 Battle of _Philippi_ (Brutus and Cassius)
31 Battle of _Actium_ (Antonius and Cleopatra) +Egypt a Roman Province+ (17) HORACE (65-8) 27 B.C.-14 A.D.
OCTAVIANUS AUGUSTUS TIBULLUS (54-19)
23 Death of +Marcellus+ LIVY (59 B.C.-18 A.D.) PROPERTIUS (49-15)
20 Parthians restore standards BIRTH OF CHRIST B.C. 4 OVID (43 B.C.-18 A.D.)
A.D. 9 Destruction of army under Varus (Arminius) ---------------------------------------- PERIOD III.--THE SILVER AGE, 14-117 A.D.
---------------------------------------- 14-37 TIBERIUS
37-41 CALIGULA
41-54 CLAUDIUS Pontius Pilate in Judaea 26-36 V. PATERCULUS (_fl._ 20) MANILIUS (_fl._ 12)