GONFALON, gon'fa-lon, _n._ an ensign or standard with streamers--also GON'FANON.--_n._ GONFALONIER', one who bears a gonfalon: the chief magistrate in many Italian cities because of his bearing this flag. [O. Fr.
_gonfanon_--Mid. High Ger. _gundfano_--_gund_, battle, _fano_ (Ger.
_fahne_), a flag.]
GONG, gong, _n._ a Chinese instrument of percussion, made of a mixture of metals, and shaped into a basin-like form, flat and large, with a rim a few inches deep. [Malay.]
GONGORISM, gong'gor-izm, _n._ a florid, inverted, and pedantic style of writing, introduced by the Spanish poet Luis de _Gongora_ y Argote (1561-1627), some of whose distinctive features reappeared in Euphuism.
GONGYLUS, gon'ji-lus, _n._ a round deciduous body connected with the reproduction of certain seaweeds. [Gr., 'round.']
GONIATITES, g[=o]-ni-a-t[=i]'t[=e]z, _n._ a genus of fossil cephalopodous mollusca, kindred to the Ammonites. [Gr. _gonia_, an angle, _lithos_, a stone.]
GONIDIA, g[=o]-nid'i-a, _n.pl._ an old term in lichenology for the green cells (algal constituents) of the thallus:--_sing._ GONID'IUM, a naked or membranous-coated propagative cell produced asexually. [Formed from Gr.
_gon[=e]_, generation, seed.]
GONIOMETER, g[=o]-ni-om'e-t[.e]r, _n._ an instrument for measuring solid angles, indispensable to the crystallographer. [_G[=o]nia_, an angle, _metron_, measure.]
GONOPHORE, gon'o-f[=o]r, _n._ the ultimate generative zooid of a hydrozoan, originating directly the generative elements. [Gr. _gonos_, seed, _pherein_, to bear.]
GONORRHEA, gon-or-r[=e]'a, _n._ a specific contagious inflammatory discharge of mucus from the membrane of the urethra or vagina. [Gr.
_gonorrhoia_--_gonos_, seed, _rheein_, to flow.]
GOOD, good, _adj._ having qualities, whether physical or moral, desirable or suitable to the end proposed: promoting success, welfare, or happiness: virtuous: pious: kind: benevolent: proper: fit: competent: satisfactory: sufficient: valid: sound: serviceable: beneficial: real: serious, as in 'good earnest:' not small, considerable, as in 'good deal:' full, complete, as in 'good measure:' unblemished, honourable, as in 'good name:'--_comp._ bett'er; _superl._ best.--_n._ that which promotes happiness, success, &c.--opp. to _Evil_: prosperity: welfare: advantage, temporal or spiritual: moral qualities: virtue: (_B._) possessions: (_pl._) household furniture: movable property: merchandise (in composition, the equivalent of U.S.
_freight_).--_interj._ well! right!--_adv._ well.--_ns._ GOOD'-BREED'ING, polite manners formed by a good breeding or education; GOOD'-BROTH'ER (_Scot._), a brother-in-law.--_n._ or _interj._ GOOD'-BYE, contracted from 'God be with you:' farewell, a form of address at parting.--_adj._ GOOD'-CONDI'TIONED, being in a good state.--_ns._ or _interjs._ GOOD'-DAY, a common salutation, a contraction of 'I wish you a good day;' GOOD'-DEN, a corruption of _good-e'en_; GOOD'-E'EN, GOOD'-[=E]V'EN, GOOD'-[=E]VE'NING, a salutation on meeting or parting in the evening.--_adj._ GOOD'-FACED (_Shak._), having a handsome face.--_ns._ GOOD'-FELL'OW, a jolly or boon companion: a reveller; GOOD'-FELL'OWSHIP, merry or pleasant company: conviviality.--_n.pl._ GOOD'-FOLK, a euphemism for the fairies, of whom it is best to speak respectfully.--_adj._ GOOD'-FOR-NOTH'ING, worthless, useless.--_n._ an idle person.--_ns._ GOOD'-FR[=I]'DAY, a fast in memory of our Lord's crucifixion, held on the Friday of Passion-week; GOOD'-H[=U]'MOUR, a cheerful temper, from the old idea that temper depended on the humours of the body.--_adj._ GOOD'-H[=U]'MOURED.--_adv._ GOOD'-H[=U]'MOUREDLY.--_n._ GOOD'INESS, weak, priggish, or canting goodness.--_adj._ GOOD'ISH, pretty good, of fair quality or quantity.--_interj._ GOOD'-LACK, an expression of surprise or pity--a variation of 'Good Lord,' under the influence of _alack_.--_n._ GOOD'LINESS.--_adv._ GOOD'LY (_Spens._), excellently, kindly.--_adj._ good-like: good-looking: fine: excellent:--_comp._ GOOD'LIER; _superl._ GOOD'LIEST.--_ns._ GOOD'LYHEAD (_Spens._), goodness; GOOD'LYHOOD, grace; GOODMAN' (_B._), the man or master of the house--the correlative to it is GOODWIFE'.--_ns._ and _interjs._ GOOD'-MORN'ING, GOOD'-MORR'OW, a salutation at meeting in the morning.--_n._ GOOD'-N[=A]'TURE, natural goodness and mildness of disposition.--_adj._ GOOD'-N[=A]'TURED.--_adv._ GOOD'-N[=A]'TUREDLY.--_n._ GOOD'NESS, virtue: excellence: benevolence: a term of emphasis, as in 'For goodness' sake;' 'Oh, goodness!'--_n._ and _interj._ GOOD'-NIGHT, a common salutation, a contraction of 'I wish you a good night.'--_interj._ GOOD'-NOW, an exclamation of wonder, surprise, or entreaty.--_ns._ GOODS'-EN'GINE, an engine used for drawing goods-trains; GOOD'-SENSE, sound judgment; GOOD'-SPEED, a contraction of 'I wish you good speed;' GOODS'-TRAIN, a train of goods wagons.--_adj._ GOOD'-TEM'PERED, possessing a good temper.--_ns._ GOOD'-WIFE, the mistress of a family; GOOD'-WILL, benevolence; well-wishing: the established custom or popularity of any business or trade--often appearing as one of its assets, with a marketable money value; GOOD'Y, good-wife: good-woman: probably formed from _good-wife_.--_adj._ GOOD'Y, mawkishly good: weakly benevolent or pious--also GOOD'Y-GOOD'Y.--_n._ a sweetmeat.--GOOD FOR ANYTHING, ready for any kind of work; GOODMAN'S CROFT, a strip of ground, or corner of a field, once left untilled in Scotland, to avert the malice of the devil from the crop.--GOOD TEMPLAR, a member of a temperance society founded in the United States in 1852, and introduced into England in 1868, its organisation modelled on that of the Freemasons, with lodges, passwords and grips, and insignia.--AS GOOD AS, the same as, no less than; BE AS GOOD AS ONE'S WORD, to be depended on; FOR GOOD, FOR GOOD AND ALL, finally, in conclusion, to end the whole matter; Make good, to fulfil, perform; STAND GOOD, to be lastingly good: to remain; THINK GOOD, to be disposed, to be willing. [A.S.
_god_; closely akin to Dut. _goed_, Ger. _gut_, Ice. _gor_, Goth. _gods_.]
GOORKHA, g[=oo]r'ka, _n._ one of the dominant race in Nepal, descended from Hindu immigrants, and claiming a Rajput origin, short, thick-set men, making excellent soldiers.
GOOROO. See GURU.
GOOSANDER, g[=oo]s-an'd[.e]r, _n._ a web-footed bird in the duck family, in the same genus as the Mergansers, a native of the Arctic regions. [Formed from _goose_ and _gander_.]
GOOSE, g[=oo]s, _n._ (_pl._ GEESE) a web-footed animal like a duck, but larger and stronger: a tailor's smoothing-iron, from the likeness of the handle to the neck of a goose: a stupid, silly person: a game of chance once common in England, in which the players moved counters forward from one compartment on a board to another, the right to a double move being secured when the card bearing the picture of a goose was reached.--_v.t._ (_slang_) to hiss off the stage.--_ns._ GOOSE'-CAP, a silly person; GOOSE'-CORN, a coarse rush; GOOSE'-EGG, a zero, denoting a miss or failure to score at an athletic or other contest; GOOSE'-FISH, a common name in America for the angler-fish (see ANGLER); GOOSE'-FLESH, a puckered condition of the skin, like that of a plucked goose, through cold, fear, &c.; GOOSE'-FOOT, pigweed; GOOSE'-GRASS, a species of Bedstraw (q.v.), a common weed in hedges and bushy places in Britain, Europe, and America; GOOSE'-NECK, an iron swivel forming the fastening between a boom and a mast: a bent pipe or tube with a swivel-joint; GOOSE'-QUILL, one of the quills or large wing-feathers of a goose, used as pens; GOOS'ERY, a place for keeping geese: stupidity; GOOSE'-SKIN, a kind of thin soft leather; GOOSE'-STEP (_mil._), the marking of time by raising the feet alternately without making progress; GOOSE'-WING, one of the clews or lower corners of a ship's mainsail or foresail when the middle part is furled or tied up to the yard.--_adj._ GOOSE'-WINGED, having only one clew set: in fore-and-aft rigged vessels, having the mainsail on one side and the foresail on the other, so as to sail wing-and-wing.--_n._ GOOS'EY, a goose: a blockhead.
[A.S. _gos_; Ice. _gas_, Ger. _gans_, L. _anser_, Gr. _ch[=e]n_, Sans.
_hamsa_.]
GOOSEBERRY, g[=oo]z'ber-i, _n._ the berry or fruit of a shrub of the same name.--PLAY GOOSEBERRY, to accompany lovers, &c., for propriety. [Prof.
Skeat says _goose-_ is for _grose-_ or _groise-_, which appears in O. Fr.
_groisele_, _grosele_, gooseberry, Scot. _grossart_, from the Mid. High Ger. _krus_ (Ger. _kraus_), crisp, curled.]
GOOSEBERRY-FOOL, _n._ See FOOL (2).
GOPHER, g[=o]'f[.e]r, _n._ a name in America applied to the prairie dog, the pouched rat, and to the land tortoise of the southern states.--_v.i._ to burrow, to mine in a small way. [Fr. _gaufre_.]
GOPHER, g[=o]'f[.e]r, _n._ (_B._) a kind of wood, generally supposed identical with cypress. [Heb.]
GOPURA, g[=o]'p[=oo]-ra, _n._ in Southern India, a pyramidal tower over the gateway of a temple.
GORAL, g[=o]'ral, _n._ a Himalayan goat-antelope.
GORAMY, g[=o]'ra-mi, _n._ a fish found in the Eastern Archipelago, highly esteemed for the table, and used in Mauritius, the West Indies, &c.--Also GOU'RAMI.
GOR-BELLIED, gor'-bel-id, _adj._ (_Shak._) big-bellied, gluttonous. [Obs.
_gore_--A.S. _gor_, filth, and _belly_.]
GORCOCK, gor'kok, _n._ the moorcock or red grouse:--_fem._ GOR'HEN.
[_Gor-_, from _gorse_, furze; or imit.]
GORCROW, gor'kr[=o], _n._ the carrion-crow. [A.S. _gor_, filth, carrion, and _crow_.]
GORDIAN, gord'yan, _adj._ intricate: difficult.--_v.t._ (_Keats_) to tie up, knot.--CUT THE GORDIAN KNOT, to overcome a difficulty by violent measures--Alexander, unable to untie the fateful knot tied by _Gordius_, king of Phrygia, having cut it through with his sword.
GORDIUS, gor'di-us, _n._ a genus typical of _Gordiidae_, a family of nematode worms with a hair-like body.
GORE, g[=o]r, _n._ clotted blood: blood.--_adv._ GOR'ILY (_Tenn._), in a gory or bloody manner or state.--_adj._ GOR'Y, covered with gore: bloody.--GORY DEW, a dark-red slimy film sometimes seen on damp walls and in shady places. [A.S. _gor_, blood, dung; Sw. _gorr_, Ice. _gor_, gore.]
GORE, g[=o]r, _n._ a triangular piece let into a garment to widen it: a triangular piece of land.--_v.t._ to shape like or furnish with gores: to pierce with anything pointed, as a spear or horns.--_n._ GOR'ING, a piece of cloth cut diagonally to increase its apparent width.--_adj._ cut gradually sloping, so as to be broader at the clew than at the earing--of a sail. [A.S. _gara_, a pointed triangular piece of land--_gar_, a spear with triangular blade.]
GORGE, gorj, _n._ the throat: a narrow pass among hills: (_fort._) the entrance to an outwork.--_v.t._ to swallow greedily: to glut.--_v.i._ to feed.--_adj._ GORGED, having a gorge or throat: glutted: (_her._) having a crown or coronet about the neck.--_n._ GORG'ET, a piece of armour for the throat: a military ornament round the neck (see ARMOUR).--HAVE ONE'S GORGE RISE, to be disgusted or irritated; HEAVE THE GORGE, to retch. [O. Fr.,--L.
_gurges_, a whirlpool.]
GORGEOUS, gor'jus, _adj._ showy: splendid: magnificent.--_adv._ GOR'GEOUSLY.--_n._ GOR'GEOUSNESS. [O. Fr. _gorgias_, gaudy--_gorgias_, a ruff--_gorge_, the throat.]
GORGON, gor'gun, _n._ one of three fabled female monsters (Stheno, Euryale, and Medusa), of horrible aspect, winged, with hissing serpents for hair--every one who looked on Medusa was turned to stone: anything very ugly.--_adjs._ GOR'GON, GORG[=O]'NEAN, GORGONESQUE', GORG[=O]'NIAN, like a gorgon: very ugly or terrific.--_n._ GORGONEI'ON, a mask of the gorgon.--_v.t._ GOR'GONISE (_Tenn._), to turn to stone. [L. _gorgon_--Gr.
_gorg[=o]_--_gorgos_, grim.]
GORGONZOLA, gor-gon-z[=o]'la, _n._ a highly esteemed cheese.
GORILLA, gor-il'a, _n._ a great African ape, the largest known anthropoid, generally referred to the same genus with the chimpanzee. [African.]
GORMAND, older form of _gourmand_.--_v.i._ GOR'MAND[=I]SE, to eat hastily or voraciously.--_ns._ GOR'MAND[=I]SER; GOR'MAND[=I]SING, the act or habit of eating voraciously; GOR'MANDISM, gluttony.
GORSE, gors, _n._ a prickly shrub growing on waste places, the furze or whin.--_adj._ GORS'Y. [A.S. _gorst_.]
GOSHAWK, gos'hawk, _n._ a short-winged hawk, once used for hunting wild-geese and other fowl, not having a toothed bill, like the falcons proper. [A.S. _goshafoc_--_gos_, goose, _hafoc_, hawk.]
GOSLING, goz'ling, _n._ a young goose. [A.S. _gos_, goose, double dim.
_-l-ing_.]
GOSPEL, gos'pel, _n._ the Christian revelation: the narrative of the life of Christ, as related by Matthew, Mark, Luke, or John: the stated portion of these read at service: the teaching of Christ: a system of religious truth: absolute truth.--_v.t._ (_Shak._) to instruct in the gospel.--_n._ GOS'PELLER, a preacher: an evangelist.--_v.t._ GOS'PELLISE, to square with the gospel. [A.S. _godspell_; commonly derived from A.S. _god_, good, and _spell_, story, and so a translation of Gr. _eu-anggelion_, good news; but more prob. from _god_, God, and _spell_, a narrative, God-story; so also the Ice. is _guspjall_, God-story, and not _gospjall_, good-story; and the Old High Ger. was _gotspell_, _got_ (God) _-spel_, not _guot_ (good) _-spel_.]
GOSS, gos, _n._ (_Shak._). See GORSE.
GOSSAMER, gos'a-m[.e]r, _n._ very fine spider-threads which float in the air or form webs on bushes in fine weather: any thin material.--_adj._ light, flimsy.--_adj._ GOSS'AMERY, like gossamer: flimsy. [M. E.
_gossomer_; Prof Skeat thinks it is a corr. of 'goose-summer' or 'summer-goose,' from the downy appearance of the film. Ger. _sommer-faden_, summer-threads, also _madchen-sommer_, maiden-summer.]
GOSSAN, gos'an, _n._ (_prov._) decomposed rock, usually ferruginous, forming the upper part of a metallic vein.--Also GOZZ'AN.
GOSSIP, gos'ip, _n._ one who runs about telling and hearing news: idle talk: a familiar acquaintance: a boon-companion.--_v.i._ to run about telling idle tales: to talk much: to chat: (_Shak._) to stand godfather to.--_n._ GOSS'IPING, the act or practice of one who gossips or tattles.--_p.adj._ having the character of one who gossips: tattling.--_n._ GOSS'IPRY.--_adj._ GOSS'IPY. [Orig. a sponsor in baptism, or one related in the service of _God_; M. E. _gossib_ (earlier form, _godsib_)--_God_, and _sib_, related; cf. Ger. _sippe_, Ice. _sif_, affinity, Scot. _sib_, related.]