LESSON III.--MIXED EXAMPLES.
"It is the boast of Americans, without distinction of parties, that their government is the most free and perfect _that_ exists on the earth."--_Dr.
Allen cor._ "Children _that_ are dutiful to their parents, enjoy great prosperity."--_Sanborn cor._ "The scholar _that_ improves his time, sets an example worthy of imitation."--_Id._ "Nouns and pronouns _that_ signify the same person, place, or thing, agree in case."--_Cooper cor._ "An interrogative sentence is one _that_ asks a question."--_Id._ "In the use of words and phrases _that_ in point of time relate to each other, _the order of time_ should be _duly regarded_."--_Id._ "The same observations _that show_ the effect of the article _upon_ the participle, appear to be applicable [also] to the pronoun and participle."--_Murray cor._ "The reason _why_ they have not the same use of them in reading, may be traced to the very defective and erroneous method in which the art of reading is taught."--_Id._ "_Ever since_ reason began to exert her powers, thought, during our waking hours, has been active in every breast, without a moment's suspension or pause."--_Id. et al. cor._ "In speaking of _such as_ greatly delight in the same."--_Pope cor._ "Except _him to whom_ the king shall hold out the golden sceptre, that he may live."--_Bible cor._ "But the same day _on which_ Lot went out of Sodom, it rained fire and brimstone from heaven, and destroyed them all."--_Bible cor._ "In the next place, I will explain several _constructions_ of nouns and pronouns, _that_ have not yet come under our notice."--_Kirkham cor._ "Three natural distinctions of time are all _that_ can exist."--_Hall cor._ "We have exhibited such only as are obviously distinct; and _these_ seem to be sufficient, and not more than sufficient."--_Murray et al. cor._ "_The parenthesis_ encloses a _phrase or clause that_ may be omitted without materially injuring the connexion of the other members."--_Hall cor._ "Consonants are letters _that_ cannot be sounded without the aid of a vowel."--_Bucke cor._ "Words are not _mere_ sounds, but sounds _that_ convey a meaning to the mind."--_Id._ "Nature's postures are always easy; and, _what_ is more, nothing but your own will can put you out of them."--_Collier cor._ "Therefore ought we to examine our _own selves_, and prove our _own selves_."--_Barclay cor._ "Certainly, it had been much more natural, to have divided Active verbs into _Immanent_, or _those whose_ action is terminated _within itself_, and _Transient_, or _those whose_ action is terminated in something without _itself_."--_R. Johnson cor._ "This is such an advantage _as_ no other lexicon will afford."--_Dr. Taylor cor._ "For these reasons, such liberties are taken in the Hebrew tongue, with those words _which_ are of the most general and frequent use."--_Pike cor._ "_While_ we object to the _laws which_ the antiquarian in language would impose on us, we must _also_ enter our protest against those _authors who_ are too fond of innovations."--_L. Murray cor._
CHAPTER VI.--VERBS.
CORRECTIONS IN THE FORMS OF VERBS.
LESSON I.--PRETERITS.
"In speaking on a matter which _touched_ their hearts."--_Phil. Museum cor._ "Though Horace _published_ it some time after."--_Id._ "The best subjects with which the Greek models _furnished_ him."--_Id._ "Since he _attached_ no thought to it."--_Id._ "By what slow steps the Greek alphabet _reached_ its perfection."--_Id._ "Because Goethe _wished_ to erect an affectionate memorial."--_Id._ "But the Saxon forms soon _dropped_ away."--_Id._ "It speaks of all the towns that _perished_ in the age of Philip."--_Id._ "This _enriched_ the written language with new words."--_Id._ "He merely _furnished_ his friend with matter for laughter."--_Id._ "A cloud arose, and _stopped_ the light."--_Swift cor._ "She _slipped_ spadillo in her breast."--_Id._ "I _guessed_ the hand."--_Id._ "The tyrant _stripped_ me to the skin; My skin he _flayed_, my hair he _cropped_; At head and foot my body _lopped_."--_Id._ "I see the greatest owls in you, That ever _screeched_ or ever flew."--_Id._ "I _sat_ with delight, From morning till night."--_Id._ "Dick nimbly _skipped_ the gutter."--_Id._ "In at the pantry door this morn I _slipped_."--_Id._"
Nobody living ever _touched_ me, but you."--_W. Walker cor._ "_Present_, I ship; _Preterit_, I shipped; _Perf. Participle_, shipped."--_A. Murray cor._ "Then the king arose, and _tore_ his garments."--_Bible cor._ "When he _lifted_ up his foot, he knew not where he should set it next."--_Bunyan cor._ "He _lifted_ up his spear against eight hundred, whom he slew at one time."--_Bible cor._ "Upon this chaos _rode_ the distressed ark."--_Burnet cor._ "On whose foolish honesty, my practices _rode_ easy."--_Shakspeare cor._ "That form of the first or primogenial Earth, which _rose_ immediately out of chaos."--_Burnet cor._ "Sir, how _came_ it, you have _helped_ to make this rescue?"--_Shak. cor._ "He _swore_ he _would_ rather lose all his father's images, than that table."--_Peacham cor._ "When our language _dropped_ its ancient terminations."--_Dr. Murray cor._ "When themselves they _vilified_."--_Milton cor._ "But I _chose_ rather to do thus."--_Barclay cor._ "When he _pleaded_ (or _pled_) against the parsons."--_Hist. cor._ "And he that saw it, _bore_ record." Or: "And he that saw it, _bare_ record."--_John_, xix, 35. "An irregular verb has one more variation; as, drive, drivest, [_driveth_,] drives, drove, _drovest_, driving, driven."--_Matt. Harrison cor._ "Beside that village, Hannibal _pitched_ his camp."--_W. Walker cor._ "He _fetched_ it from Tmolus."--_Id._ "He _supped_ with his morning-gown on."--_Id._ "There _stamped_ her sacred name."--_Barlow cor._
"_Fix'd_[530] on the view the great discoverer stood; And thus _address'd_ the messenger of good."--_Barlow cor._
LESSON II.--MIXED EXAMPLES.
"Three freemen _were on trial_"--or, "_were receiving their trial_--at the date of our last information."--_Editor cor._ "While the house _was building_, many of the tribe arrived."--_Cox cor._ "But a foundation has been laid in Zion, and the church _is built_--(or, _continues to be built_--) upon it."--_The Friend cor._ "And one fourth of the people are _receiving education_."--_E. I. Mag. cor._ "The present [_tense_,] or that [_form of the verb_] which [_expresses what_] is now _doing_."--_Beck cor._ "A new church, called the Pantheon, is _about_ being completed, in an expensive style."--_Thompson cor._ "When I last saw him, he _had_ grown considerably."--_Murray cor._ "I know what a rugged and dangerous path I _have_ got into."--_Duncan cor._ "You _might_ as _well_ preach ease to one on the rack."--_Locke cor._ "Thou hast heard me, and _hast_ become my salvation."--_Bible cor._ "While the Elementary Spelling-Book _was preparing_ (or, _was in progress of preparation_) for the press."--_Cobb cor._ "Language _has_ become, in modern times, more correct."--_Jamieson cor._ "If the plan _has_ been executed in any measure answerable to the author's wishes."--_Robbins cor._ "The vial of wrath is still _pouring_ out on the seat of the beast."--_Christian Ex. cor._ "Christianity _had_ become the generally-adopted and established religion of the whole Roman Empire."--_Gurney cor._ "Who wrote before the first century _had_ elapsed."--_Id._ "The original and analogical form _has_ grown quite obsolete."--_Lowth cor._ "Their love, and their hatred, and their envy, _have_ perished."--_Murray cor._ "The poems _had_ got abroad, and _were_ in a great many hands."--_Waller cor._ "It is more harmonious, as well as more correct, to say, 'The bubble _is ready to burst._'"--_Cobbett cor._ "I _drove_ my suitor from his mad humour of love."--_Shak. cor._ "Se viriliter expedivit."--_Cic._ "He _has played_ the man."--_Walker cor._ "Wilt thou kill me, as thou _didst_ the Egyptian yesterday?"--_Bible cor._ "And we, _methought_, [or _thought I_] looked up to him from our hill"--_Cowley cor._ "I fear thou _dost_ not think _so_ much of _the_ best things as thou _ought_."--_Memoir cor._ "When this work was commenced."--_Wright cor._ "Exercises and _a_ Key to this work are _about_ being prepared."--_Id._ "James is loved by John."--_Id._ "Or that which is exhibited."--_Id._ "He was smitten."--_Id._ "In the passive _voice_ we say, 'I am loved.'"--_Id._ "Subjunctive Mood: If I _be_ smitten, If thou _be_ smitten, If he _be_ smitten."--_Id._ "I _shall_ not be able to convince you how superficial the reformation is."--_Chalmers cor._ "I said to myself, I _shall_ be obliged to expose the folly."--_Chazotte cor._ "When Clodius, had he meant to return that day to Rome, must have arrived."--_J. Q. Adams cor._ "That the fact has been done, _is doing_, or will be done."--_Peirce cor._ "Am I _to be_ instructed?"--_Wright cor._ "I _choose_ him."--_Id._ "John, who _respected_ his father, was obedient to his commands."--_Barrett cor._
"The region _echoes_ to the clash of arms."--_Beattie cor._
"And _sitst_ on high, and mak'st creation's top Thy footstool; and _beholdst_ below thee--all."--_Pollok cor._
"And see if thou _canst_ punish sin and let Mankind go free. Thou _failst_--be not surprised."--_Idem._
LESSON III--MIXED EXAMPLES.
"What follows, _might better have been_ wanting altogether."--_Dr. Blair cor._ "This member of the sentence _might_ much better have been omitted altogether."--_Id._ "One or _the_ other of them, therefore, _might_ better have been omitted."--_Id._ "The whole of this last member of the sentence _might_ better have been dropped."--_Id._ "In this case, they _might_ much better be omitted."--_Id._ "He _might_ better have said 'the _productions_.'"--_Id._ "The Greeks _ascribed_ the origin of poetry to Orpheus, Linus, and Musaeus."--_Id._ "It _was_ noticed long ago, that all these fictitious names have the same number of syllables."--_Phil. Museum cor._ "When I found that he had committed nothing worthy of death, I _determined_ to send him."--_Bible cor._ "I _would_ rather be a doorkeeper in the house of my God."--_Id._ "As for such, I wish the Lord _would open_ their eyes." Or, better: "_May_ the Lord _open_ (or, I _pray_ the Lord _to_ open) their eyes."--_Barclay cor._ "It would _have_ made our _passage_ over the river very difficult."--_Walley cor._ "We should not _have_ been able to _carry_ our great guns."--_Id._ "Others would _have_ questioned our prudence, if _we_ had."--_Id._ "Beware thou _be_ not BECaeSARED; i.e., Beware that thou _do_ not dwindle--or, _lest thou dwindle_--into a mere Caesar."--_Harris cor._ "Thou _raisedst_ (or, familiarly, thou _raised_) thy voice to record the stratagems of needy heroes."--_Arbuthnot cor._ "Life _hurries_ off apace; thine is almost _gone_ already."--_Collier cor._ "'How unfortunate has this accident made me!' _cries_ such a one."--_Id._ "The muse that soft and sickly _woos_ the ear."--_Pollok cor._ "A man _might_ better relate himself to a statue."--_Bacon cor._ "I heard thee say but now, thou _liked_ not that."--_Shak. cor._ "In my whole course of wooing, thou _criedst_, (or, familiarly, thou _cried_,) _Indeed!_"--_Id._ "But our ears _have_ grown familiar with '_I have wrote_, '_I have drank_,' &c., which are altogether as ungrammatical."--_Lowth et al. cor._ "The court was _in session_ before Sir Roger came"--_Addison cor._ "She _needs_--(or, if you please, _need_,--) be no more with the jaundice _possessed_"--_Swift cor._ "Besides, you found fault with our victuals one day _when_ you _were_ here."--_Id._ "If spirit of other sort, So minded, _hath_ (or _has_) o'erleaped these earthy bounds."--_Milton cor._ "It _would_ have been more rational to have _forborne_ this."--_Barclay cor._ "A student is not master of it till he _has_ seen all these."--_Dr. Murray cor._ "The said justice shall _summon_ the party."--_Brevard cor._ "Now what _has_ become of thy former wit and humour?"--_Spect. cor._ "Young stranger, whither _wanderst_ thou?"--_Burns cor._ "SUBJ. _Pres._ If I love, If thou _love_, If he love.
_Imp._ If I loved, If thou _loved_, If he loved."--_Merchant cor._ "SUBJ.
If I do not love, If thou _do_ not love, If he _do_ not love."--_Id._ "If he _has_ committed sins, they shall be forgiven him."--_Bible cor._ "Subjunctive Mood of the verb _to call_, second person singular: If thou _call_, (rarely, If thou _do call_,) If thou _called_."--_Hiley cor._ "Subjunctive Mood of the verb _to love_, second person singular: If thou love, (rarely, If thou do love,) If thou _loved_."--_Bullions cor._ "I was; thou wast; he, she, or it, was: We, you or ye, they, were."--_White cor._ "I taught, thou _taughtest_, (familiarly, thou _taught_,) he taught."-- _Coar cor._ "We say, '_If it rain,' 'Suppose it rain?' 'Lest it rain,'
'Unless it rain._' This manner of speaking is called the SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD."--_Weld cor._ "He _has_ arrived at what is deemed the age of manhood."--_Priestley cor._ "He _might_ much better have let it alone."--_Tooke cor._ "He were better without it. Or: He _would be better_ without it."--_Locke cor._ "_Hadst_ thou not been by. Or: _If_ thou _hadst_ not been by. Or, in the familiar style: _Had_ not thou been by,"--_Shak.
cor._ "I learned geography. Thou _learned arithmetic_. He learned grammar."--_Fuller cor._ "Till the sound _has_ ceased."--_Sheridan cor._ "Present, die; Preterit, died; Perf. Participle, _died_."--_Six English Grammars corrected_.
"Thou _bow'dst_ thy glorious head to none, _fear'dst_ none." Or:-- "Thou _bowed_ thy glorious head to none, _feared_ none."
--_Pollok cor._
"Thou _lookst_ upon thy boy as though thou _guess'd_ it."
--_Knowles cor._
"As once thou _slept_, while she to life was formed."
--_Milton cor._
"Who finds the partridge in the puttock's nest, But may imagine how the bird was _killed?_"
--_Shak. cor._
"Which might have well _become_ the best of men."
--_Idem cor._
CHAPTER VII.--PARTICIPLES.
CORRECTIONS IN THE FORMS OF PARTICIPLES.
LESSON I.--IRREGULARS.
"Many of your readers have _mistaken_ that passage."--_Steele cor._ "Had not my dog of a steward _run_ away."--_Addison cor._ "None should be admitted, except he had _broken_ his collarbone thrice."--_Id._ "We could not know what was _written_ at twenty."--_Waller cor._ "I have _written_, thou hast _written_, he has _written_; we have _written_, you have _written_, they have _written_."--_Ash cor._ "As if God had _spoken_ his last words there to his people."--_Barclay cor._ "I had like to have _come_ in that ship myself."--_Observer cor._ "Our ships and vessels being _driven_ out of the harbour by a storm."--_Hutchinson cor._ "He will endeavour to write as the ancient author would have _written_, had he _written_ in the same language."--_Bolingbroke cor._ "When his doctrines grew too strong to be _shaken_ by his enemies."--_Atterbury cor._ "The immortal mind that hath _forsaken_ her mansion."--_Milton cor._ "Grease that's _sweated_ (or _sweat_) from the murderer's gibbet, throw into the flame."--_Shak. cor._ "The court also was _chidden_ (or _chid_) for allowing such questions to be put."--_Stone cor._ "He would have _spoken_."--_Milton cor._ "Words _interwoven_ (or _interweaved_) with sighs found out their way."--_Id._ "Those kings and potentates who have _strived_ (or _striven_.)"--_Id._ "That even Silence was _taken_."--_Id._ "And envious Darkness, ere they could return, had _stolen_ them from me."--_Id._ "I have _chosen_ this perfect man."--_Id._ "I _shall scarcely_ think you have _swum_ in a gondola."--_Shak. cor._ "The fragrant brier was _woven_ (or _weaved_) between."--_Dryden cor._ "Then finish what you have _begun_."--_Id._ "But now the years a numerous train have _run_."--_Pope cor._ "Repeats your verses _written_ (or _writ_) on glasses."--_Prior cor._ "Who by turns have _risen_."--_Id._ "Which from great authors I have taken."--_Id._ "Even there he should have _fallen_."--_Id._
"The sun has _ris'n_, and gone to bed.
Just as if Partridge were not dead."--_Swift cor._
"And, though no marriage words are _spoken_, They part not till the ring is _broken_."--_Swift cor._
LESSON II.--REGULARS.
"When the word is _stripped_ of all the terminations."--_Dr. Murray cor._ "Forgive him, Tom; his head is _cracked_."--_Swift cor._ "For 'tis the sport, to have the engineer _hoised_ (or _hoisted_) with his own petar."--_Shak. cor._ "As great as they are, I was _nursed_ by their mother."--_Swift cor._ "If he should now be _cried_ down since his change."--_Id. "Dipped_ over head and ears--in debt."--_Id._ "We see the nation's credit _cracked_."--_Id._ "Because they find their pockets _picked_."--_Id._ "O what a pleasure _mixed_ with pain!"--_Id._ "And only with her brother _linked_."--_Id._ "Because he ne'er a thought allowed, That might not be _confessed_."--_Id._ "My love to Sheelah is more firmly _fixed_."--_Id._ "The observations _annexed_ to them will be intelligible."--_Phil. Mus. cor._ "Those eyes are always _fixed_ on the general principles."--_Id._ "Laborious conjectures will be _banished_ from our commentaries."--_Id._ "Tiridates was dethroned, and Phraates was _reestablished_, in his stead."--_Id._ "A Roman who was _attached_ to Augustus."--_Id._ "Nor should I have spoken of it, unless Baxter had _talked_ about two such."--_Id._ "And the reformers of language have generally _rushed_ on."--_Id._ "Three centuries and a half had then _elapsed_ since the date,"--_Ib._ "Of such criteria, as has been _remarked_ already, there is an abundance."--_Id._ "The English have _surpassed_ every other nation in their services."--_Id._ "The party _addressed_ is next in dignity to the speaker."--_Harris cor._ "To which we are many times _helped_."--_W. Walker cor._ "But for him, I should have _looked_ well enough to myself."--_Id._ "Why are you _vexed_, Lady? why do frown?"--_Milton cor._ "Obtruding false rules _pranked_ in reason's garb."--_Id._ "But, like David _equipped_ in Saul's armour, it is encumbered and oppressed."--_Campbell cor._
"And when their merchants are blown up, and _cracked_, Whole towns are cast away in storms, and _wrecked_."--_Butler cor._
LESSON III.--MIXED EXAMPLES.
"The lands are _held_ in free and common soccage."--_Trumbull cor._ "A stroke is _drawn_ under such words."--_Cobbett's Gr._, 1st Ed. "It is _struck_ even, with a strickle."--_W. Walker cor._ "Whilst I was _wandering_, without any care, beyond my bounds."--_Id._ "When one would do something, unless _hindered_ by something present."--_B. Johnson cor._ "It is used potentially, but not so as to be _rendered_ by these signs."--_Id._ "Now who would dote upon things _hurried_ down the stream thus fast?"--_Collier cor._ "Heaven hath timely _tried_ their growth."--_Milton cor._ "O! ye mistook, ye should have _snatched_ his wand."--_Id._ "Of true virgin here _distressed_."--_Id._ "So that they have at last come to be _substituted_ in the stead of it."--_Barclay cor._ "Though ye have _lain_ among the pots."--_Bible cor._ "And, lo! in her mouth was an olive leaf _plucked_ off."--_Scott's Bible, and Alger's_. "Brutus and Cassius _Have ridden_, (or _rode_,) like madmen, through the gates of Rome."--_Shak.
cor._ "He shall be _spit upon_."--_Bible cor._ "And are not the countries so _overflowed_ still _situated_ between the tropics?"--_Bentley_. "Not _tricked_ and _frounced_ as she was wont, But _kerchiefed_ in a comely cloud."--_Milton cor._ "To satisfy his rigour, _Satisfied_ never."--_Id._ "With him there _crucified_."--_Id._ "Th' earth cumbered, and the wing'd air _darked_ with plumes."--_Id._ "And now their way to Earth they had _descried_."--_Id._ "Not so thick swarmed once the soil _Bedropped_ with blood of Gorgon."--_Id._ "And in a troubled sea of passion _tossed_."--_Id._ "The cause, alas! is quickly _guessed_."--_Swift cor._ "The kettle to the top was _hoised_, or _hoisted_."--_Id._ "In chains thy syllables are _linked_."--_Id._ "Rather than thus be _overtopped_, Would you not wish their laurels _cropped_."--_Id._ "The HYPHEN, or CONJOINER, is a little line _drawn_ to connect words, or parts of words."--_Cobbett cor._ "In the other manners of dependence, this general rule is sometimes _broken_."--_R. Johnson cor._ "Some intransitive verbs may be rendered transitive by means of a preposition _prefixed_ to them."--_Grant cor._ "Whoever now should place the accent on the first syllable of _Valerius_, would set every body _a laughing_."--_J. Walker cor._ "Being mocked, scourged, _spit upon_, and crucified."--_Gurney cor._
"For rhyme in Greece or Rome was never known, Till _barb'rous hordes those states had overthrown_."--_Roscommon cor._
"In my own Thames may I be _drowned_, If e'er I stoop beneath _the crowned_." Or thus:-- "In my own Thames may I be _drown'd dead_, If e'er I stoop beneath a crown'd head."--_Swift cor._
CHAPTER VIII.--ADVERBS.
CORRECTIONS RESPECTING THE FORMS OF ADVERBS.
"We can much _more easily_ form the conception of a fierce combat."--_Blair corrected_. "When he was restored _agreeably_ to the treaty, he was a perfect savage."--_Webster cor._ "How I shall acquit myself _suitably_ to the importance of the trial."--_Duncan cor._ "Can any thing show your Holiness how _unworthily_ you treat mankind?"--_Spect. cor._ "In what other, _consistently_ with reason and common sense, can you go about to explain it to him?"--_Lowth cor._ "_Agreeably_ to this rule, the short vowel Sheva has two characters."--_Wilson cor._ "We shall give a _remarkably_ fine example of this figure."--See _Blair's Rhet._, p. 156.
"All of which is most _abominably_ false."--_Barclay cor._ "He heaped up great riches, but passed his time _miserably_."--_Murray cor._ "He is never satisfied with expressing any thing clearly and _simply_."--_Dr. Blair cor._ "Attentive only to exhibit his ideas _clearly_ and _exactly_, he appears dry."--_Id._ "Such words as have the most liquids and vowels, glide the _most softly_." Or: "Where liquids and vowels most abound, the utterance is softest."--_Id._ "The simplest points, such as are _most easily_ apprehended."--_Id._ "Too historical to be accounted a _perfectly_ regular epic poem."--_Id._ "Putting after them the oblique case, _agreeably_ to the French construction."--_Priestley cor._ "Where the train proceeds with an _extremely_ slow pace."--_Kames cor._ "So as _scarcely_ to give an appearance of succession."--_Id._ "That concord between sound and sense, which is perceived in some expressions, _independently_ of artful pronunciation."--_Id._ "Cornaro had become very corpulent, _previously_ to the adoption of his temperate habits."--_Hitchcock cor._ "Bread, which is a solid, and _tolerably_ hard, substance."--_Day cor._ "To command every body that was not dressed as _finely_ as himself."--_Id._ "Many of them have _scarcely_ outlived their authors."--_J. Ward cor._ "Their labour, indeed, did not penetrate very _deeply_."--_Wilson cor._ "The people are _miserably_ poor, and subsist on fish."--_Hume cor._ "A scale, which I took great pains, some years _ago_, to make."--_Bucke cor._ "There is no truth on earth _better_ established _than_ the truth of the Bible."--_Taylor cor._ "I know of no work _more_ wanted _than_ the one _which_ Mr. Taylor has now furnished."--_Dr. Nott cor._ "And therefore their requests are _unfrequent_ and reasonable."--_Taylor cor._ "Questions are _more easily_ proposed, than answered rightly."--_Dillwyn cor._ "Often reflect on the advantages you possess, and on the source _from which_ they are all derived."--_Murray cor._ "If there be no special rule which requires it to be put _further forward_."--_Milnes cor._ "The masculine and _the_ neuter have the same dialect in all _the_ numbers, especially when they end _alike_."--_Id._
"And children are more busy in their play Than those that _wiseliest_ pass their time away."--_Butler cor._
CHAPTER IX.--CONJUNCTIONS.
CORRECTIONS IN THE USE OF CONJUNCTIONS.