[25] _Pennsylvania Packet_, June 24, 1779.
[26] It is quite possible that the designation "bad" was a typographical error for "rad[ix]."
[27] _American Archives_, ser. 4, vol. 5, p. 115.
[28] _Connecticut Courant_, February 12, 1776.
[29] _Newport Mercury_, January 15, 1776.
[30] _Massachusetts Gazette_, September 7, 1775.
[31] _American Archives_, ser. 4, vol. 4, p. 159.
[32] _Massachusetts Gazette_, February 22, 1776.
[33] _Boston Gazette_, April 15, 1776.
[34] _Ibid._, April 22, 1776. It is worth noting that Morgan did not think this important enough to include in his _Vindication_ (see footnote 35).
[35] John Morgan, _A Vindication of His Public Character in the Station of Director-General of the Military Hospital, and Physician in Chief of the American Army; Anno, 1776_, Boston, 1777.
[36] _Pennsylvania Packet_, June 24, 1779.
[37] _American Archives_, ser. 4, vol. 5, p. 488.
[38] Morgan, _op. cit._ (footnote 35), pp. 102, 144; and _Independent Chronicle_, April 10, 1777.
[39] James Thacher, _American Medical Biography_, Boston, 1828, vol.
1, pp. 270-273.
[40] For biographies of Sylvester Gardiner see _Dictionary of American Biography_, New York, 1931, vol. 8, pp. 139-140; _Appleton's Cyclopedia of American Biography_, New York, 1887, vol. 2; H. A. Kelly and W. L. Burrage, _Dictionary of American Medical Biography_, New York, 1928, pp. 450-452; James H. Stark, _The Loyalists of Massachusetts_, Boston, 1910, pp. 313-315.
[41] Greenleaf Ledger (see footnote 6).
[42] _American Archives_, ser. 5, vol. 1, pp. 282, 284.
[43] _Ibid._, p. 314.
[44] S. E. Morison and H. S. Commager, _The Growth of the American Republic_, New York, 1950, vol. 1, p. 210.
[45] _New-York Journal_, July 13, 1775.
[46] _Ibid._, May 11, 1775.
[47] _New-York Gazette_, January 1 and January 29, 1776. For a history of the English patent medicines in America, see G. B. Griffenhagen and J. H. Young in _The Chemist and Druggist_, 1957, vol. 167, pp.
714-722, and in _U.S. National Museum Bulletin 218_, 1959, pp. 155-183 (Contributions from the Museum of History and Technology, Paper 10).
[48] George Washington, _The Writings of George Washington_, edited by John C. Fitzpatrick, Washington, 1931, vol. 4, pp. 464-465.
[49] Morgan, _op. cit._ (footnote 35), pp. 4, 9, 68; _Pennsylvania Packet_, June 19, 1779; and Washington, _op. cit._ (footnote 48), vol.
4, pp. 464-465.
[50] Duncan, _op. cit._ (footnote 2), p. 135; Morgan, _op. cit._ (footnote 35), p. 11.
[51] _New-York Gazette_, May 6 and December 23, 1776.
[52] _American Archives_, ser. 4, vol. 4, p. 1026.
[53] _Ibid._, vol. 6, p. 1431.
[54] Morgan misspelled Delaney as "Delancey" in his letter of June 25 to Adams.
[55] Morgan, _op. cit._ (footnote 35), p. 128.
[56] Ford, _op. cit._ (footnote 10), vol. 5, p. 570.
[57] _American Archives_, ser. 4, vol. 6, p. 1069.
[58] Ford, _op. cit._ (footnote 10), vol. 5, p. 633.
[59] Morgan, _op. cit._ (footnote 35), p. 12.
[60] _Pennsylvania Packet_, June 26, 1779.
[61] Washington, _op. cit._ (footnote 48), vol. 6, pp. 58-59.
[62] _Connecticut Courant_, January 6, 1777.
[63] Morgan, _op. cit._ (footnote 35), pp. 13, 136, 146. William Smith was appointed Continental Druggist on August 20; see Ford, _op. cit._ (footnote 10), vol. 4, pp. 292-293.
[64] Washington, _op. cit._ (footnote 48), vol. 6, pp. 86, 113.
[65] _American Archives_, ser. 5, vol. 3, pp. 116, 837.
[66] _Pennsylvania Packet_, June 24, 1779.
[67] Morgan, _op. cit._ (footnote 35), p. 129.
[68] _Ibid._, p. xxv. [For details of the manner in which Shippen moved in on Morgan to replace him eventually as director general, see Flexner, _op. cit._ (footnote 2), pp. 3-53.]
[69] _Ibid._, p. xxxv; Owen, _op. cit._ (footnote 2), p. 55.
[70] Ford, _op. cit._ (footnote 10), vol. 7, p. 91.
[71] _New-York Gazette_, September 30, December 16, 23, 1776, January 20, 1777.
[72] _Ibid._, December 9, 1776, April 28, June 9, 1777.
[73] Plough Court Pharmacy letterbook dated April 7, 1778, through December 8, 1779, in possession of Allen and Hanburys, London. See also Chapman-Huston and Ernest C. Gripps, _Through a City Archway: The Story of Allen and Hanburys, 1715-1954_, London, 1954.