=GARAN'CINE.= See MADDER RED.
=GAR'DENING.= See HORTICULTURE.
=GAR'GLE.= _Syn._ GARGARISM, THROATWASH; GARGARISMA, GARGARISMUS, GARGARISMUM, L. A liquid medicine applied to the back part of the mouth or upper part of the throat. Gargles are applied by allowing a small mouthful to run as much as possible over the affected part, by holding the head backwards and breathing through it, by which means the liquid is agitated and its action promoted.
Gargles are not to be swallowed. It often happens, however, that patients, either by accident or from negligence, do swallow a certain quantity, notwithstanding the instructions given them to the contrary. Care should therefore be taken to avoid making gargles of such substances as may occasion unpleasant symptoms in small doses, though they may not, perhaps, amount to poisoning.
Gargles usually have for their basis either simple water, or milk, wine, or vinegar, diluted with water, to which, in both cases, sugar, honey, or syrup is generally added. Their other ingredients vary with the indication, but must, in all cases, be either in the liquid form, or soluble in the liquid used as the excipient.
Gargles are commonly dispensed in mixture bottles. The quantity used at a time, under ordinary circumstances, may be about 2-3rds of a wine-glassful.
=Gargle.= _Syn._ GARGARISMA, G. COMMUNE, G. SIMPLEX, L. _Prep._ 1. (St. B.
Hosp.) Honey or honey of roses, 1-1/2 fl. oz.; strong vinegar, 2-1/2 fl.
oz.; barley water, 1 pint.
2. (St. George's.) Oxymel, 1 fl. dr.; decoction of barley, 5 fl. dr. In common sore throats, &c. The formulae of several other hospitals are similar.
=Gargle of Ac'etate of Ammo"nia.= _Syn._ GARGARISMS AMMONIae ACETATIS, L.
_Prep._ (Wendt.) Solution of acetate of ammonia and honey of roses, of each 1 fl. oz.; elder-flower water, 8 fl. oz.; mix. In the ulcerated sore throat of scarlet fever.
=Gargle of Acetate of Manganese.= _Syn._ GARGARISMA MANGANESII ACETATIS.
_Prep._ Acetate of Manganese, 1 drachm; water, 7 fluid ounces; clarified honey, 1 oz. The chloride and sulphate of manganese are also used, about 1/2 drachm or 2 scruples to 6 oz. of barley water.
=Gargle of Ace'tic Acid.= _Syn._ OXYMEL GARGLE; GARGARISMA ACIDI ACETICI, L. _Prep._ 1. (St. B. Hosp.) Acetic acid, 1 dr.; oxymel, 2 fl. dr.; water to make up 4 fl. oz.
2. Barley water, 12 fl. oz.; acetic acid, 1-1/2 fl. oz.; honey, 6 dr.
Antiseptic. For sore throat.
=Gargle of Aluminium Chloride.= _Syn._ GARGARISMA ALUMINII CHLORIDI.
_Prep._ (Throat Hosp.) Solution of chloride of aluminium 12 minims, water 1 fl. oz. Astringent and antiseptic.
=Gargle of Al'um.= _Syn._ GARGARISMA ALUMINIS, L. _Prep._ 1. (Augustin.) Oak-bark (in powder), 1 oz.; water, 1-1/2 pint; boil to a pint, filter, cool, and add, of alum, 1/2 dr.; brandy, 2 fl. oz. In inflammation of the mouth and throat.
2. (Cavarra.) Alum, 3 dr.; water, 6 fl. oz.; dissolve. In offensive breath.
3. (Foy.) Alum, 1 dr.; tincture of myrrh, 2 fl. dr.; tincture of bark, 4 fl. dr.; honey of roses, 2 oz.; laudanum, 20 drops; wine, 2/3 pint. In scurvy.
4. (Grant.) Alum, 1 oz.; tincture of myrrh, 1/2 fl. oz.; peppermint water, 7 fl. oz. In relaxation of the uvula, &c.
5. (Mid. Hosp.) Alum, 1 dr.; honey, 2 dr.; water to make 6 fl. oz. As No.
4.
6. (P. Cod.) Alum, 40 gr.; honey of roses, 1 oz.; infusion of roses, 6 fl.
oz. As the last.
7. (Ratier.) Alum, 1 oz.; infusion of red roses and barley water, of each 3 fl. oz.; honey of roses, 2 oz. As No. 4.
8. (Westm. Hosp.) Alum, 1 dr.; dilute sulphuric acid, 1 fl. dr.; treacle, 4 dr.; water to 15 fl. oz.
9. (Ph. Wirtem.) Alum and nitre, of each 3 oz.; cream of tartar, 4 oz.; dilute acetic acid, 4 lbs.; dissolve, evaporate to dryness, and powder the residuum. For use, 1/2 oz. of the powder is dissolved in water, 8 fl. oz.
Highly recommended in inflammation of the fauces and tonsils. This forms Zobel's 'SPECIFIC FOR QUINSY,'
=Gargle, Antiscorbu'tic.= _Syn._ GARGARISMA ANTISCORBUTICUM, L. _Prep._ (P. Cod.) Bitter species, 1 dr.; boiling water, 8 oz.; macerate 1 hour, strain, and add, syrup of honey, 2 oz.; antiscorbutic tincture, 1 oz.
=Gargle, Antisep'tic.= _Syn._ GARGARISMA ANTISEPTICUM, L. _Prep._ (Fr.
Hosp.) Decoction of bark, 6 oz.; camphor, 20 gr.; sal-ammoniac, 12 gr. In putrid sore throat, &c.
=Gargle, Astrin'gent.= _Syn._ GARGARISMA ASTRINGENS, L. _Prep._ 1.
(Collier.) Tincture of galls, 2 fl. dr.; honey, 1/2 oz.; water, 6 fl. oz.
In relaxation of the uvula and fauces.
2. (Collier.) Honey, 4 dr.; tincture of myrrh, 3 dr.; powdered alum, 40 gr.; compound infusion of roses, 5-1/2 fl. oz. As the last, and in fetid sore throat.
3. (Sir A. Cooper.) Alum, 2 dr.; decoction of bark, 12 oz.; honey of roses, 1-1/2 oz.
4. (Dr A. T. Thomson.) Infusion of roses, 7 fl. oz.; dilute sulphuric acid, 1 fl. dr.; tincture of catechu, 6 fl. dr.; laudanum, 1-1/2 fl. dr.
For relaxation of the uvula. See GARGLE OF ALUM.
=Gargle of Bo"rax.= _Syn._ GARGARISMA BORACIS, L. _Prep._ 1. (Ellis.) Borax, 1 dr.; tincture of myrrh, 4 fl. dr.; clarified honey, 1 fl. oz.; rose water, 4 fl. oz.
2. (Fr. Hosp.) Borax, 2 dr.; honey or capillaire, 1 oz.; rose water, 7 fl.
oz.
3. (Guy's Hosp.) Borax, 2 dr.; honey of roses, 1 oz.; barley water, 7 fl.
oz.
4. (Mid. Hosp.) Borax, 1 dr.; simply oxymel, 2 dr.; water to make 3 fl.
oz. The above are used in thrush or aphthous sore mouth, ptyalism, &c.
=Gargle of Bromide of Potassium.= _Syn._ GARGARISMA POTASSII BROMIDI.
_Prep._ (Throat Hosp.) Bromide of potassium, 10 grains; water, 1 fl. oz.
Sedative.
=Gargle of Cap'sicum.= _Syn._ GARGLE OF CAYENNE PEPPER; GARGARISMA CAPSICI, L. _Prep._ 1. (Dr Griffith.) Tincture of capsicum, 1/2 fl. oz.; rose water, 8 fl. oz.
2. (St. B. Hosp.)--_a._ Capsicum, 3 dr.; common salt, 1 oz.; boiling water, 1 pint; macerate for 12 hours, strain, and add of distilled vinegar, 1 pint.
_b._ Tincture of capsicum, 1 fl. dr.; compound infusion of roses, 8 fl.
oz.
3. (U. C. Hosp.) Tincture of capsicum, 1 fl. dr.; honey, 6 dr.; water to 4 fl. oz. Used in ulcerated sore throat, scarlet fever, &c.
=Gargle of Carbolic Acid.= _Syn._ GARGARISMA ACIDI CARBOLICI. _Prep._ (Throat Hosp.). Carbolic acid, 2 gr.; glycerin, 25 minims; water, 1 fluid ounce. Stimulant and antiseptic.
=Gargle of Chlo"rate of Potas'sa.= _Syn._ GARGARISMA POTASSae CHLORATIS, L. _Prep._ (Beasley.) Chlorate of potassa, 1 dr.; honey of roses, 1 oz.; water, 7 oz. Used in malignant sore throat, scarlatina, &c.
=Gargle of Chlo"ride of Lime.= _Syn._ GARGARISMA CALCIS CHLORINATae, L.
_Prep._ From chloride of lime, 1 dr.; water, 1/2 pint; agitate together for 10 minutes, filter through linen, and add of simple syrup, 1 fl. oz.
Used in putrid sore throat, scarlet fever, &c.