6. Camphor, 3 to 5 gr.; charcoal, 10 gr.; opium, 1 gr.; aromatic confection, q. s. to form a ball.--In the malignant stage, with diarrha.
7. Antimomal powder, 2 to 4 gr.; nitre, 5 to 10 gr.; digitalis, 1/4 to 2 gr. Afterwards the Tonic Pills No. 4. (Spooner.)
_Poudre Kusique_: a French nostrum. Mix 45 gr. of nitre, 45 of sulphur, and 1 charcoal. Divide into 3 doses. Give 1 for 2 successive mornings, and the third on the 4th morning, mixed with lard or butter, or in milk. For a large dog a second packet (of 3 powders) may be required. (Habert.)
Another French nostrum. Hemel's Powder is of a similar kind.
8. A strong solution of salt, to the amount of 1/2 pint daily.
9. Powdered tin, sulphur, gunpowder, of each 1 oz.; lard sufficient to form a mass. The size of a nutmeg to be given twice or thrice a week.
10. Physic Ball No. 11.
11. 1/4 oz. to 1 fl. oz. of cod-liver oil twice a day, according to size.
12. Emetics, gentle laxatives, milk diet, and from 5 to 15 gr. of chlorate of potash twice a day. (Finlay Dun.)
WORM MEDICINES:--
1. Carbonate of iron, 1/2 oz.; aethiops mineral, 1 dr.; gentian, 1 oz.; ginger, 1/2 oz.; levigated glass, 1 oz.; palm oil, 9 dr.; beat well together.--_Dose_, from 3/4 to 2 dr. (Clater.)
2. As much very finely-powdered glass as will lie on a sixpence, mixed with butter (Blaine). Mr Youatt says from 1/2 dr. to 1 dr.; powdered glass, with a little ginger, made into a ball with lard.
3. Aloes, sulphur, prepared hartshorn, and juice of wormwood, made into a mass; the size of a hazel nut to be given three times a week, fasting, wrapped in butter. (Daniel.)
4. Tin filings, or pewter filings, 1/2 dr. to 1 dr., with butter or lard.
5. Jalap, 10 to 15 gr.; calomel, 2 to 3 gr. mixed with butter; no cold liquid should be allowed. (White.)
6. Cowhage, 1/2 dr.; iron filings, 4 dr.; conserve q. s. to form a mass, to be divided into 4, 6, or 8 balls; one every night and morning; and afterwards the purgative No. 4. (Blaine.)
7. Epsom salts, 1 oz.; common salt, 1 dr.; give a small or large teaspoonful daily.
8. Give green walnut leaves boiled in milk. (Mayer.)
9. From 1/2 dr. to 2 dr., according to size. Betel nut in coarse powder, made into a ball.
10. _For Tapeworm._--Oil of turpentine, 1/2 dr., mixed with yolk of egg; for very large dogs, 2 scruples. Some writers prescribe larger doses (1 to 2 dr.), but these sometimes prove fatal. (Blaine.) 2 to 6 dr. of cusso according to size.
11. _For Tapeworm._--Oil of turpentine and olive oil, of each 1/2 oz.; mix, and give carefully; 3 or 4 hours after give 1 oz. castor oil. But see No. 9. (White.)
12. _For Stomach Worms._--Give the emetic powder (see further back) and afterwards a physic ball.
13. _Threadworms._--These are destroyed by an aloetic clyster.
OINTMENTS AND LOTIONS FOR THE MANGE:--
N.B.--An alterative ball should be given daily and a physic ball occasionally. Bleeding is sometimes prescribed.
_For Scabby Mange._--Sulphur, 4 oz.; sal ammoniac, 1/2 oz.; aloes, 1 dr.; Venice turpentine, 1/2 oz.; lard, 6 oz.; mix. After four applications, wash well with soap and water. (Blaine.)
2. Horse turpentine and palm oil, each 1/2 lb.; train oil, 1/2 pint. Melt together, and while cooling, stir in 3 lbs. of flowers of sulphur.
(Clater.)
3. Aloes, 2 dr.; hellebore, 1/2 oz.; sulphur, 4 oz.; lard or train oil, 6 oz. (McEwen.)
4. Sulphate of zinc, 1 dr.; snuff, 1/2 oz.; white hellebore, 1/2 oz.; sulphur, 4 oz.; aloes, 1/4 oz.; soft soap, 6 oz. (Blaine.)
5. Charcoal powder, 2 oz.; sulphur, 4 oz.; salt of tartar, 1 dr.; Venice turpentine, 1/2 oz.; lard, 6 oz.
6. _For Red Mange._--Add 1 oz. of strong mercurial ointment to 6 oz. of either of the above.
7. Charcoal, 1 oz.; chalk, 1 oz.; sugar of lead, 1 dr.; white precipitate, 2 dr.; sulphur, 2 oz.; lard, 5 oz. (Blaine.)
8. _Wash for Red Mange._--Corrosive sublimate, 20 gr.; spirit of wine, 2 dr.; dissolve and add milk of sulphur, 1/2 oz.; lime-water, 1/2 pint.
Apply by means of a sponge. (Clater.)
9. _For Ulcerated Mange._--Ointment of nitrated quicksilver, 2 dr.; sugar of lead, 20 gr.; flowers of sulphur, 1/2 oz.; lard, 1 oz.; mix. (Blaine.)
FLEAS:--
1. Rub the skin with the powdered resin and bran.
2. Let the dog sleep on deal shavings.
3. Scotch snuff steeped in gin. (Meyer.) (This requires caution.)
4. Oil of aniseed. (Finlay Dun.)
5. Persian insect powder.
=DOG-BALLS= (A. H. Boldt, Genf). Hard pills, weighing 15 grammes, of irregular shape and unequal size, composed of aloes with 1/3 of gentian, and covered with a brown powder containing liquorice root. (Hager.)
=DOORS.= Much annoyance is sometimes experienced from the creaking of doors. This may be prevented by rubbing a little soap or a mixture of tallow and black-lead on the hinges; or by applying to them with a feather a little sweet oil once or twice a year. The trifling trouble and expense (a penny or two a twelvemonth) will be amply repaid by their noiselessness and greater durability. To prevent the noise of doors slamming, a small piece of vulcanised india rubber, cork, or leather may be placed so as to receive the shock.
=DOSE.= In medicine the quantity taken or prescribed at one time. The doses of medicaments vary with the sex, age, temperament, constitutional strength, habituation, and idiosyncrasies of individuals. Different circumstances, especially of climate, exercise an important influence on the activity of medicines. Thus, the inhabitants of England and the northern countries of Europe bear much larger doses in their own climates than when they remove to warmer latitudes. Warmth, indeed, appears to promote the action of most medicaments, whilst cold acts in a contrary way. Nor does the same rule apply to all medicines. Calomel, for instance, is generally borne better by children than by adults; while opium affects them more powerfully, and requires the dose to be diminished considerably below that indicated by mere calculation or analogy with other medicines.
Prescribers ought not to forget that the action of medicines is not simply proportioned to the amount, but that each remedy has a dose below which it either produces no effect or one contrary to that which we desire it to produce. Dr Paris remarks, "that powerful doses are disposed to produce local rather than general effects;" and Dr Barlow gives it as his opinion that "practitioners often err, especially in the treatment of chronic maladies, from requiring an obvious effect from each dose administered."
Adult women are said to require only three fourths the full dose for men.
The following rules and tables have been framed chiefly with reference to age; but, as Dr R. E. Griffith correctly observes, "no scheme can be devised, founded on age alone, to which there are not many exceptions."
I. _Formula of_ Dr YOUNG.
_For children under 12 years, the doses of most medicines must be diminished in the proportion of the age to the age increased by 12._ Thus, at 2 years, the dose will be 1-7th of that for an adult.
2 for ------------- = 1-7th.
2 + 12
II. _Posological Table of_ GAUBIUS.