[Illustration: EVENING GROSBEAK.]
[Illustration: CARDINAL.]
Family 53. FINCHES, SPARROWS, ETC. Fringillidae.
Bill short, stout, conical; third or fourth primaries longest; first about half an inch shorter; the majority are small birds and but few are over eight inches in length.
[Illustration: SUMMER TANAGER.]
Family 54. TANAGERS. Tanagridae.
Bill somewhat finch-like but more swollen in outline; the upper mandible, in typical forms, toothed or dentate.
[Illustration: TREE SWALLOW.]
Family 55. SWALLOWS. Hirundinidae.
Bill short, broad and flat; feet small and weak; wings long and narrow; tail notched and sometimes forked; birds of the air, feeding while on the wing.
[Illustration: CEDAR WAXWING.]
Family 56. WAXWINGS. Ampelidae.
Bill short, stout, and rounded, its tip notched; wings rather long; head crested.
[Illustration: NORTHERN SHRIKE.]
Family 57. SHRIKES. Laniidae.
Bill stout, its mandible hooked and hawk-like; feet truly Passerine; pose, in perching, erect; solitary grayish birds.
[Illustration: RED-EYED VIREO.]
Family 58. VIREOS. Vireonidae.
Bill small, but distinctly hooked; outer primary usually very small and sometimes apparently wanting; olive-green gleaners among the leaves.
[Illustration: NASHVILLE WARBLER.]
[Illustration: YELLOW WARBLER.]
[Illustration: AMERICAN REDSTART.]
[Illustration: CHAT.]
Family 60. WARBLERS. Mniotiltidae.
Bill, in most of the species, slender, sharply pointed, and without a notch or hook at the tip; in the genera _Wilsonia_ and _Setophaga_, flat and flycatcher-like; in _Icteria_ stout; back of tarsus compressed into a thin ridge; three outer primaries of nearly equal length.
[Illustration: AMERICAN PIPIT.]
Family 61. WAGTAILS. Motacillidae.
Hind toe-nail much lengthened; bill slender, nostril not covered with bristles, as in true Larks; back of tarsus thin, not rounded; terrestrial, walking with a wagging motion of the tail.
[Illustration: AMERICAN DIPPER.]
Family 62. DIPPERS. Cinclidae.
Thick-set birds with short wings and tail; plumage thick and water-proof; tarsus scaled; semi-aquatic in habit, haunting mountain streams.
[Illustration: BROWN THRASHER.]
[Illustration: HOUSE WREN.]
Family 63. WRENS, THRASHERS, ETC. Troglodytidae.
Tarsus scaled; tail rounded, the outer feathers being shortest; third to fourth primary longest, the outer half as long; bill in Thrashers often decurved, its base with bristles; In Wrens, bill without bristles; brown or grayish inhabitants of lower growth.
[Illustration: BROWN CREEPER.]
Family 64. CREEPERS. Certhiidae.
Bill slender and much decurved; tail usually pointed and stiffened.
[Illustration: CHICKADEE.]
[Illustration: RED-BREASTED NUTHATCH.]
Family 65. NUTHATCHES AND TITS. Paridae.
Fourth or fifth primary longest; first an inch or less in length.
Chickadees (subfamily _Parinae_) have a short, stout bill, the nostrils covered with bristles; the tail is rather long and rounded. Nuthatches (subfamily _Sittinae_) have a long, slender bill, short, square tail, and large feet.
[Illustration: GOLDEN-CROWNED KINGLET.]
Family 66. KINGLETS, GNATCATCHERS, ETC. Sylviidae.