=Susa=, Persia. 32N. 48E. Capital of Elamite kingdom, c. 2280 B.C.; conquered by Assyrians, 645 B.C. Contains tomb alleged to be of Daniel.
=Tabariah=, Syria. 33N. 36E. F. by Herod Antipas, c. 16; Saladin defeated Christians, 1187; given to France, 1240; taken by Mussulmans, 1247.
Mentioned by Josephus; contains tomb of Arabian philosopher Lokman; Mishna compiled here, 190, and part of Talmud. (See Burckhardt's 'Travels in Syria and the Holy Land.')
=Tabor=, Mount, Palestine. 33N. 35E. Scene of assembly of army of Barak and Deborah against Sisera; alleged scene of Christ's Transfiguration.
Gabinius overcame Jews, 53 B.C.; fortified by Malik-el-Adil, 1212; French victory over British and Turks, 1799. (See Burckhardt's 'Travels in Syria and the Holy Land.')
=Tabreez=, Persia. 38N. 46E. Foundation attributed to Zobeida, wife of Haroun-al-Raschid, 791. Destroyed by Tamerlane, 1392; taken from Turks by Nadir Shah, 1730; by Russians, 1827. The Bab here put to death, 1850.
=Taif=, Arabia. 22N. 41E. Visited by Burckhardt, and described in 'Travels in Arabia.'
=Talwaudy=, Punjab. 32N. 75E. Village near Lahore which is bp. of Nanek, founder of Sikh religion.
=Tanjore=, Madras. 11N. 79E. Unsuccessfully attacked by Lally, 1758; taken by British, 1773; under British control, 1799.
=Tarsus=, Asia Minor. 37N. 35E. Traditionally f. by Sennacherib.
Meeting-place of Mark Antony and Cleopatra, 38 B.C. Contains tomb of Sardanapalus, and is bp. of St. Paul, Athenodorus, and Hermogenes.
=Tchesme=, Asia Minor. 38N. 27E. Turkish fleet defeated by Russian under Orloff and Elphinstowe, 1770.
=Teheran=, Persia. 36N. 51E. Treaty signed between British and Persians, 1857. Near city are ruins of Rhages, bp. of Haroun-al-Raschid.
=Teima=, Arabia. 28N. 39E. The Tema of the Bible. Visited by C. M.
Doughty, and described in 'Travels in Arabia Deserta.'
=Tekrit=, Asiatic Turkey. 35N. 44E. Bp. of Saladin.
=Tiberias, Sea of=, Palestine. 33N. 36E. Frequently mentioned in the Bible as Lake of Galilee or Gennesaret, and by Josephus. Bp. of disciples Simon, Andrew, James the Great, and John. Visited by Lamartine, 1832.
(See Kinglake's 'Eothen,' Twain's 'New Pilgrim's Progress,' 'Purchas His Pilgrimes,' Adam Smith's 'Historical Geography of the Holy Land,'
Thomson's 'Land and the Book,' Burckhardt's 'Travels in Syria and the Holy Land.')
=Tien-tsin= ('Heaven's ford'), China. 39N. 117E. Besieged by Taiping rebels, 1853; treaty signed with French and British, 1858; occupied by French and British, 1860; foreign inhabitants murdered, 1870; res. of Li Hung-Chang for 20 years, 1874.
=Tokat=, Asiatic Turkey. 40N. 37E. Severely damaged by earthquake, 1825; massacre of Armenians, 1895.
=Tokio=, Japan. 36N. 140E. Seat of government for Tokugawa Ieyasu, 1603; eastern capital of Japan, 1868; opened to foreign res., 1869. (See Diosy's 'New Far East,' McKenzie's 'From Tokyo to Tiflis.')
=Tomsk=, Siberia. 56N. 85E. F. in 1604; capital of Tomsk. Contains university f. in 1888. (See Fraser's 'Real Siberia,' Tolstoi's 'Resurrection.')
=Tortosa=, Syria. 35N. 36E. Ceded to Templars, c. 1161; taken by Saladin, 1188; by Mussulmans, 1291.
=Tottori=, Japan. 36N. 134E. Visited by Lafcadio Hearn, and described in 'Glimpses of Unfamiliar Japan.'
=Tranquebar=, Madras. 11N. 80E. Bought by Dutch, 1620; taken by British, 1787; sold to British, 1845.
=Trebizond= ('a table'), Asiatic Turkey. 41N. 40E. F. by Greeks from Sinope, 700 B.C.; scene of Xenophon's retreat with ten thousand; capital of empire of Trebizond under Alexius Comnenus, 1204; taken by Mohammed II., 1461.
=Trichinopoli=, Madras. 11N. 79E. British possession, 1801. Contains tomb of Bishop Heber.
=Trichoor=, Madras. 11N. 76E. Occupied by Hyder Ali, 1776; by Tippoo Sahib, 1789.
=Trincomali=, Ceylon. 9N. 81E. Contains ruins of famous Temple of a Thousand Columns destroyed by Portuguese, 1622. Taken by storm by British, 1795.
=Tripoli=, Syria. 34N. 36E. Destroyed by earthquakes, 450, 550; captured by Saracens, 638; by Crusaders, who destroyed celebrated Arabian collection of books, 1109; by Egyptians, 1289. (See Volney's 'Voyage en Syrie et en Egypte,' Hakluyt's 'Voyages,' Burckhardt's 'Travels in Syria and the Holy Land.')
=Troy=, Asia Minor. 40N. 26E. Said to have been f. by Dardanus, walls built by Apollo and Poseidon; centre of Greek legends. Visited by Alexander the Great, 334 B.C.; Roman possession, 189 B.C.; destroyed by Turks, 1306. (See Homer's 'Iliad,' Virgil's 'aeneid,' Tacitus' 'Annals,'
Kinglake's 'Eothen.')
=Tsing-tao=, China. 36N. 120E. Seized by Germany, 1897.
=Turkestan=, Asiatic Russia. 44N. 68E. Resort of pilgrims to mosque of Hazret-Yassavi, built by Tamerlane. Occupied by Russian troops, 1864.
=Umarkot=, Sind. 25N. 70E. Alleged to have been f. by Umar. Bp. of Akbar.
=Ur=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. Contains ruins of temple to moon-god Sin.
Frequently mentioned in Bible, especially as spot from which Abraham's father moved westward.
=Ura-tyube=, Russian Turkestan. 41N. 68E. Alleged to have been f. by Cyrus; captured by Russians, 1866.
=Urfah=, Asiatic Turkey. 37N. 39E. Captured by Seljuk Turks, 1040; by Crusaders, 1097; by Mussulmans, 1144. Ancient centre of Syrian learning; bp. of St. Ephraim Syrus, and said to have been res. of Abraham.
=Urga=, Mongolia. 48N. 106E. Sacred city of Mongols, and is the seat of the Kutuktu, deified Lama. Contains famous temple of Maidar. (See Sheepshanks' 'My Life in Mongolia and Siberia.')
=Urumiyah=, Persian Armenia. 37N. 45E. Alleged bp. of Zoroaster.
=Utakamand=, Madras. 11N. 77E. Town in which Sir R. Burton resided, described in 'Goa and the Blue Mountains.'
=Utch= ('high place'), Punjab. 29N. 71E. Contains fort built by daughter of Deo Singh. Captured by Mahmud of Ghazni, 1006. Res. of Persian historian, Minhaj-ud-din.
=Van=, Asiatic Turkey. 38N. 43E. Alleged to have been f. by Semiramis; rebuilt by Van; by Valarsaces, 149 B.C.; taken by Arabs, c. 640; by Osmanlis, 1514; by Persians, 1636; by Kurds, 1845.
=Vellore=, Madras. 13N. 79E. Said to have been f. by Bommi Reddi, c. 1274; besieged by Mahrattas, 1676; taken by Daud Khan, 1708; Safdar Ali murdered here by Murtaza Ali, 1742; occupied by British, 1760; by Hyder Ali, 1780.
=Vijayanagar= ('city of victory'), Madras. 15N. 76E. F. in 1336; contains celebrated ruins, and is famous as res. of Sayana, the Vedic commentator.
=Vladivostok=, Asiatic Russia. 43N. 132E. Occupied by Russians, 1860; free port, 1873; capital of Littoral, 1888. (See Fraser's 'Real Siberia,'
Little's 'Far East.')
=Wady Hammanah=, Syria. 34N. 36E. Gorge near which Lamartine lived.
=Wa-fang-kou=, Manchuria. 40N. 122E. Russians under General Stackelberg conquered by Japanese, 1904.
=Wakayama=, Japan. 34N. 135E. Contains castle of princes of Kishu, f.
1850, and near by is temple of Kumudera, said to be f. 770.