OTHER TRANSLATIONS OF BORGES'S WORKS.
IN ENGLISH.
Ficciones, New York, Grove Press, 1962 (translated by Anthony Kerrigan, Helen Temple, Ruthven Todd, Anthony Bonner, and Alastair Reid). New York, Grove Press, 1962 (translated by Anthony Kerrigan, Helen Temple, Ruthven Todd, Anthony Bonner, and Alastair Reid).Dreamtigers, Austin, Univ. of Texas Press, 1964 (prose translated by Mildred Boyer; poetry, by Harold Moreland). An English edition of Austin, Univ. of Texas Press, 1964 (prose translated by Mildred Boyer; poetry, by Harold Moreland). An English edition of El hacedor. El hacedor. "Investigation of the Writings of Herbert Quain," New Directions 11, New Directions 11, 1949, pp. 449-53 (translated by Mary Wells). 1949, pp. 449-53 (translated by Mary Wells). "On the Classics," Panorama, Panorama, Washington, D. C., May 1942 (translator anonymous). Washington, D. C., May 1942 (translator anonymous).
Translations of Borges's early poems may be found in the following anthologies:
Dudley Fitts (ed.), Anthology of Contemporary Latin American Anthology of Contemporary Latin American Poetry, Poetry, New Directions, 1942, pp. 64-73 (translated by Robert Stuart Fitzgerald). New Directions, 1942, pp. 64-73 (translated by Robert Stuart Fitzgerald). Patricio Gannon and Hugo Manning (eds.), Argentine Anthology Argentine Anthology of Modern Verse, of Modern Verse, Buenos Aires, 1942, pp. 66-71 (translated by the editors). Buenos Aires, 1942, pp. 66-71 (translated by the editors).
H. R. Hays (ed.), Twelve Spanish American Poets, Twelve Spanish American Poets, New Haven, 1943, pp. 120-37 (translated by the editor). New Haven, 1943, pp. 120-37 (translated by the editor).
Harriet de Onis (ed.), The Golden Land, The Golden Land, New York, 1948, pp. 222-23 (translated by the editor). New York, 1948, pp. 222-23 (translated by the editor).
Certain of the selections in the foregoing volume, here translated by the Editors, have been published in other English translations in periodicals and books, as follows:
"The Garden of Forking Paths" translated by Anthony Boucher, Ellery Queen's Mystery Magazine, Ellery Queen's Mystery Magazine, August, 1948. August, 1948.
"The Circular Ruins" translated by Mary Wells, New Directions 11, New Directions 11, 1949. 1949.
"Funes the Memorious" translated by Anthony Kerrigan, Avon Modern Writing No. 2, Avon Modern Writing No. 2, 1954. 1954.
"The Shape of the Sword" translated by Angel Flores, Spanish Stories Spanish Stories (Bantam Books, 1960) and translated by Harriet de Onis, (Bantam Books, 1960) and translated by Harriet de Onis, New World Writing No. 4, New World Writing No. 4, 1953. 1953.
"Death and the Compass" translated by Anthony Kerrigan, New Mexico Quarterly, New Mexico Quarterly, Autumn 1954. Autumn 1954.
"Three Versions of Judas" translated by Anthony Kerrigan, Noonday No. 3, Noonday No. 3, 1959. 1959.
"The Immortal" translated by Julian Palley, Portfolio and Art News Annual No. 2, Portfolio and Art News Annual No. 2, 1960. 1960.
"Emma Zunz" translated by E. C. Villicana, Partisan Review, Partisan Review, September 1959. September 1959.
IN OTHER LANGUAGES.
Enquetes, 1937-1952, Paris, Gallimard, 1957 (translated by Paul and Sylvia Benichou). A somewhat abridged version of Paris, Gallimard, 1957 (translated by Paul and Sylvia Benichou). A somewhat abridged version of Otras inquisiciones. Otras inquisiciones.
Fictions, Paris, Gallimard, 1951 (translated by Nestor Ibarra and Paul Verdevoye). Paris, Gallimard, 1951 (translated by Nestor Ibarra and Paul Verdevoye).
Labyrinthes, Paris, Gallimard, 1953 (translated by Roger Caillois). Contains four stories from Paris, Gallimard, 1953 (translated by Roger Caillois). Contains four stories from El Aleph. El Aleph.
L'Aleph, Milan, Feltrinelli, 1959 (translated by Francesco Tentori Montalto). Milan, Feltrinelli, 1959 (translated by Francesco Tentori Montalto).
Labyrinthe, Munich, Carl Hanser Verlag, 1959 (translated by Karl August Horst, Eva Hesse, Wolfgang Luchting and Liselott Reger). Contains all stories from Munich, Carl Hanser Verlag, 1959 (translated by Karl August Horst, Eva Hesse, Wolfgang Luchting and Liselott Reger). Contains all stories from Ficciones Ficciones and and El Aleph. El Aleph.
CRITICAL WRITINGS ON BORGES.
There have been few serious considerations of Borges's work written in English. Of interest are "The Labyrinths of Jorge Luis Borges, An Introduction to the Stories of El Aleph" El Aleph" by L. A. Murillo by L. A. Murillo (Modern Language Quarterly, (Modern Language Quarterly, Vol. 20, No. 3, September, 1959), and "Borges on Literature," Vol. 20, No. 3, September, 1959), and "Borges on Literature," (Americas, (Americas, December, 1961). Readers of Spanish may consult the books by Issac Wolpert December, 1961). Readers of Spanish may consult the books by Issac Wolpert (Jorge Luis Borges, (Jorge Luis Borges, Buenos Aires, 1961), Ana Maria Barrenechea Buenos Aires, 1961), Ana Maria Barrenechea (La expresion de la irrealidad en la obra de Jorge Luis Borges, (La expresion de la irrealidad en la obra de Jorge Luis Borges, Mexico City, 1957), Marcial Tamayo and Adolfo Ruiz-Diaz Mexico City, 1957), Marcial Tamayo and Adolfo Ruiz-Diaz (Borges, enigma y clave, (Borges, enigma y clave, Buenos Aires, 1955) and Rafael Gutierrez Girardot Buenos Aires, 1955) and Rafael Gutierrez Girardot (Jorge Luis Borges, ensayo de interpretation, (Jorge Luis Borges, ensayo de interpretation, Madrid, 1959). The essays by Enrique Pezzoni ("Approximation al ultimo libro de Jorge Luis Borges," Madrid, 1959). The essays by Enrique Pezzoni ("Approximation al ultimo libro de Jorge Luis Borges," Sur, Sur, Buenos Aires, nos. 217-18, Nov.-Dec. 1952, pp. 101-23) and Emir Rodriguez Monegal ("Borges: teoria y practica," Buenos Aires, nos. 217-18, Nov.-Dec. 1952, pp. 101-23) and Emir Rodriguez Monegal ("Borges: teoria y practica," Numero, Numero, Montevideo, no. 27, Dec. 1955, pp. 124-57) are of particular interest. Readers of French may consult the essays by Paul Benichou ("Le monde de Jose [sic] Luis Borges," Montevideo, no. 27, Dec. 1955, pp. 124-57) are of particular interest. Readers of French may consult the essays by Paul Benichou ("Le monde de Jose [sic] Luis Borges," Critique, Critique, Paris, nos. 63-64, Aug.-Sept. 1952, pp. 675-87, and "Le monde et l'esprit chez Jorge Louis Borges," Paris, nos. 63-64, Aug.-Sept. 1952, pp. 675-87, and "Le monde et l'esprit chez Jorge Louis Borges," Les Lettres Nouvelles, Les Lettres Nouvelles, Paris, no. 21, Nov. 1954, pp. 680-99), Marcel Brion ("J. L. Borges et ses Labyrinthes," Paris, no. 21, Nov. 1954, pp. 680-99), Marcel Brion ("J. L. Borges et ses Labyrinthes," Le Monde, Le Monde, Paris, Aug. 9, 1954) and Rene Etiemble ("Un homme a tuer: Jorge Luis Borges, cosmopolite," Paris, Aug. 9, 1954) and Rene Etiemble ("Un homme a tuer: Jorge Luis Borges, cosmopolite," Les Temps Modernes, Les Temps Modernes, Paris, no. 83, Sept. 1952, pp. 512-26, and in Etiemble's Paris, no. 83, Sept. 1952, pp. 512-26, and in Etiemble's Hygiene des lettres, Hygiene des lettres, II, Paris, 1955, pp. 120-41). In German, the brief pieces by Karl August Horst ("Die Bedeutung des Gaucho bei Jorge Luis Borges," II, Paris, 1955, pp. 120-41). In German, the brief pieces by Karl August Horst ("Die Bedeutung des Gaucho bei Jorge Luis Borges," Merkur, Merkur, Stuttgart, no. 143, Jan. 1960, pp. 78-84) and Helmut Heissenbuttel ("Parabeln und Legenden," Stuttgart, no. 143, Jan. 1960, pp. 78-84) and Helmut Heissenbuttel ("Parabeln und Legenden," Neue Deutsche Hefte, Neue Deutsche Hefte, Gutersloh, March 1960, pp. 1156-57) are valuable. Gutersloh, March 1960, pp. 1156-57) are valuable.
Scan Notes, v3.0: Proofed carefully, italics and special characters intact. Proofed carefully, italics and special characters intact.
Notes.
1 Haslam has also published Haslam has also published A General History of Labyrinths. A General History of Labyrinths.
2 Russell Russell (The Analysis of Mind, (The Analysis of Mind, 1921, page 159) supposes that the planet has been created a few minutes ago, furnished with a humanity that "remembers" an illusory past. 1921, page 159) supposes that the planet has been created a few minutes ago, furnished with a humanity that "remembers" an illusory past.
3 A century, according to the duodecimal system, signifies a period of a hundred and forty-four years. A century, according to the duodecimal system, signifies a period of a hundred and forty-four years.
4 Today, one of the churches of Tlon Platonically maintains that a certain pain, a certain greenish tint of yellow, a certain temperature, a certain sound, are the only reality. All men, in the vertiginous moment of coitus, are the same man. All men who repeat a line from Shakespeare Today, one of the churches of Tlon Platonically maintains that a certain pain, a certain greenish tint of yellow, a certain temperature, a certain sound, are the only reality. All men, in the vertiginous moment of coitus, are the same man. All men who repeat a line from Shakespeare are are William Shakespeare. William Shakespeare.
5 Buckley was a freethinker, a fatalist and a defender of slavery. Buckley was a freethinker, a fatalist and a defender of slavery.
6 There remains, of course, the problem of the There remains, of course, the problem of the material material of some objects. of some objects.
7 An hypothesis both hateful and odd. The Prussian spy Hans Rabener, alias Viktor Runeberg, attacked with drawn automatic the bearer of the warrant for his arrest, Captain Richard Madden. The latter, in self-defense, inflicted the wound which brought about Runeberg's death. (Editor's note.) An hypothesis both hateful and odd. The Prussian spy Hans Rabener, alias Viktor Runeberg, attacked with drawn automatic the bearer of the warrant for his arrest, Captain Richard Madden. The latter, in self-defense, inflicted the wound which brought about Runeberg's death. (Editor's note.) 8 Madame Henri Bachelier also lists a literal translation of Quevedo's literal translation of the Madame Henri Bachelier also lists a literal translation of Quevedo's literal translation of the Introduction Introduction a la vie devote a la vie devote of St. Francis of Sales. There are no traces of such a work in Menard's library. It must have been a jest of our friend, misunderstood by the lady. of St. Francis of Sales. There are no traces of such a work in Menard's library. It must have been a jest of our friend, misunderstood by the lady.
9 I also had the secondary intention of sketching a personal portrait of Pierre Menard. But how could I dare to compete with the golden pages which, I am told, the Baroness de Bacourt is preparing or with the delicate and punctual pencil of Carolus Hourcade? I also had the secondary intention of sketching a personal portrait of Pierre Menard. But how could I dare to compete with the golden pages which, I am told, the Baroness de Bacourt is preparing or with the delicate and punctual pencil of Carolus Hourcade?
10 I remember his quadricular notebooks, his black crossed-out passages, his peculiar typographical symbols and his insect-like handwriting. In the afternoons he liked to go out for a walk around the outskirts of Nimes; he would take a notebook with him and make a merry bonfire. I remember his quadricular notebooks, his black crossed-out passages, his peculiar typographical symbols and his insect-like handwriting. In the afternoons he liked to go out for a walk around the outskirts of Nimes; he would take a notebook with him and make a merry bonfire.
11 The original manuscript does not contain digits or capital letters. The punctuation has been limited to the comma and the period. These two signs, the space and the twenty-two letters of the alphabet are the twenty-five symbols considered sufficient by this unknown author. The original manuscript does not contain digits or capital letters. The punctuation has been limited to the comma and the period. These two signs, the space and the twenty-two letters of the alphabet are the twenty-five symbols considered sufficient by this unknown author. (Editor's note.) (Editor's note.) 12 Before, there was a man for every three hexagons. Suicide and pulmonary diseases have destroyed that proportion. A memory of unspeakable melancholy: at times I have traveled for many nights through corridors and along polished stairways without finding a single librarian. Before, there was a man for every three hexagons. Suicide and pulmonary diseases have destroyed that proportion. A memory of unspeakable melancholy: at times I have traveled for many nights through corridors and along polished stairways without finding a single librarian.
13 I repeat: it suffices that a book be possible for it to exist. Only the impossible is excluded. For example: no book can be a ladder, although no doubt there are books which discuss and negate and demonstrate this possibility and others whose structure corresponds to that of a ladder. I repeat: it suffices that a book be possible for it to exist. Only the impossible is excluded. For example: no book can be a ladder, although no doubt there are books which discuss and negate and demonstrate this possibility and others whose structure corresponds to that of a ladder.
14 Letizia Letizia alvarez de Toledo has observed that this vast Library is useless: rigorously speaking, alvarez de Toledo has observed that this vast Library is useless: rigorously speaking, a single volume a single volume would be sufficient, a volume of ordinary format, printed in nine or ten point type, containing an infinite number of infinitely thin leaves. (In the early seventeenth century, Cavalieri said that all solid bodies are the superimposition of an infinite number of planes.) The handling of this silky vade mecum would not be convenient: each apparent page would unfold into other analogous ones; the inconceivable middle page would have no reverse. would be sufficient, a volume of ordinary format, printed in nine or ten point type, containing an infinite number of infinitely thin leaves. (In the early seventeenth century, Cavalieri said that all solid bodies are the superimposition of an infinite number of planes.) The handling of this silky vade mecum would not be convenient: each apparent page would unfold into other analogous ones; the inconceivable middle page would have no reverse.
15 Borelius inquires mockingly: "Why didn't he renounce his renunciation? Or renounce the idea of renouncing his renunciation?" Borelius inquires mockingly: "Why didn't he renounce his renunciation? Or renounce the idea of renouncing his renunciation?"
16 Euclides da Cunha, in a book unknown to Runeberg, notes that for the heresiarch of Canudos, Antonio Conselheiro, virtue "was almost an impiety." The Argentine reader will recall analogous passages in the work of Almafuerte. In the symbolist sheet Euclides da Cunha, in a book unknown to Runeberg, notes that for the heresiarch of Canudos, Antonio Conselheiro, virtue "was almost an impiety." The Argentine reader will recall analogous passages in the work of Almafuerte. In the symbolist sheet Sju insegel, Sju insegel, Runeberg published an assiduous descriptive poem, Runeberg published an assiduous descriptive poem, The Secret Waters; The Secret Waters; the first stanzas narrate the events of a tumultuous day; the last, the discovery of a glacial pond; the poet suggests that the permanence of those silent waters corrects our useless violence and in some way allows and absolves it. The poem ends as follows: "The waters of the forest are good; we can be evil and suffer." the first stanzas narrate the events of a tumultuous day; the last, the discovery of a glacial pond; the poet suggests that the permanence of those silent waters corrects our useless violence and in some way allows and absolves it. The poem ends as follows: "The waters of the forest are good; we can be evil and suffer."
17 Maurice Abramowicz observes: Maurice Abramowicz observes: "Jesus, d'apres ce scandinave, a toujours le beau role; ses deboires, grace a la science des typographes, jouissent d'une reputation polyglotte; sa residence de trente-trois ans parmi les humains ne fut, en somrne, qu'une villegiature" "Jesus, d'apres ce scandinave, a toujours le beau role; ses deboires, grace a la science des typographes, jouissent d'une reputation polyglotte; sa residence de trente-trois ans parmi les humains ne fut, en somrne, qu'une villegiature" Erfjord, in the third appendix to the Erfjord, in the third appendix to the Christelige Dogmatik, Christelige Dogmatik, refutes this passage. He notes that the crucifixion of God has not ceased, for what has happened once in time is repeated ceaselessly in eternity. Judas, refutes this passage. He notes that the crucifixion of God has not ceased, for what has happened once in time is repeated ceaselessly in eternity. Judas, now, now, goes on receiving his pieces of silver, goes on kissing Christ, goes on throwing the coins into the temple, goes on making a noose in the rope on the field of blood. (Erfjord, in order to justify this affirmation, invokes the last chapter of the first volume of Jaromir Hladik's goes on receiving his pieces of silver, goes on kissing Christ, goes on throwing the coins into the temple, goes on making a noose in the rope on the field of blood. (Erfjord, in order to justify this affirmation, invokes the last chapter of the first volume of Jaromir Hladik's Vindication of Eternity.) Vindication of Eternity.) 18 There is an erasure in the manuscript; perhaps the name of the port has been removed. There is an erasure in the manuscript; perhaps the name of the port has been removed.
19 Ernesto Sabato suggests that the "Giambattista" who discussed the formation of the Ernesto Sabato suggests that the "Giambattista" who discussed the formation of the Iliad Iliad with the antique dealer Cartaphilus is Giambattista Vico; this Italian defended the idea that Homer is a symbolic character, after the manner of Pluto or Achilles. with the antique dealer Cartaphilus is Giambattista Vico; this Italian defended the idea that Homer is a symbolic character, after the manner of Pluto or Achilles.
20 In the Runic crosses the two contrary emblems coexist entwined. In the Runic crosses the two contrary emblems coexist entwined.
21 Also Gibbon Also Gibbon (Decline and Fall, (Decline and Fall, XLV) transcribes these verses. XLV) transcribes these verses.
22 The original says The original says fourteen, fourteen, but there is ample reason to infer that, as used by Asterion, this numeral stands for but there is ample reason to infer that, as used by Asterion, this numeral stands for infinite. infinite.
23 lt is significant that the narrator has omitted the name of his most illustrious ancestor, the theologian and Hebraist Johannes Forkel (1799-1846), who applied the Hegelian dialectic to Christology, and whose literal version of several books of the Apocrypha merited the censure of Hengstenberg and the approval of Thilo and Gesenius. (Editor's note.) lt is significant that the narrator has omitted the name of his most illustrious ancestor, the theologian and Hebraist Johannes Forkel (1799-1846), who applied the Hegelian dialectic to Christology, and whose literal version of several books of the Apocrypha merited the censure of Hengstenberg and the approval of Thilo and Gesenius. (Editor's note.) 24 Other nations live innocently, in themselves and for themselves, like minerals or meteors; Germany is the universal mirror which receives all, the consciousness of the world Other nations live innocently, in themselves and for themselves, like minerals or meteors; Germany is the universal mirror which receives all, the consciousness of the world (das Weltbewusstsein). (das Weltbewusstsein). Goethe is the prototype of that ecumenic comprehension. I do not censure him, but I do not see in him the Faust-like man of Spengler's thesis. Goethe is the prototype of that ecumenic comprehension. I do not censure him, but I do not see in him the Faust-like man of Spengler's thesis.
25 It has been rumored that the consequences of this wound were very serious. (Editor's note.) It has been rumored that the consequences of this wound were very serious. (Editor's note.) 26 It has been necessary to omit a few lines here. (Editor's note.) It has been necessary to omit a few lines here. (Editor's note.) 27 We have been unable to find any reference to the name of Jerusalem, even in Soergel's work. Nor is he mentioned in the histories of German literature. Nevertheless, I do not believe that he is fictitious. Many Jewish intellectuals were tortured at Tarnowitz under orders of Otto Dietrich zur Linde; among them, the pianist Emma Rosenzweig. "David Jerusalem" is perhaps a symbol of several individuals. It is said that he died March first, 1943; on March first, 1939, the narrator was wounded in Tilsit. (Editor's note.) We have been unable to find any reference to the name of Jerusalem, even in Soergel's work. Nor is he mentioned in the histories of German literature. Nevertheless, I do not believe that he is fictitious. Many Jewish intellectuals were tortured at Tarnowitz under orders of Otto Dietrich zur Linde; among them, the pianist Emma Rosenzweig. "David Jerusalem" is perhaps a symbol of several individuals. It is said that he died March first, 1943; on March first, 1939, the narrator was wounded in Tilsit. (Editor's note.) 28 Such is Taylor's spelling of the word. Such is Taylor's spelling of the word.
29 Barlach observes that Yauq is mentioned in the Koran (71, 23) and that the Prophet is Al-Mokanna (the Veiled One), and that no one except Philip Meadows Taylor's surprising informant has identified them with the Zahir. Barlach observes that Yauq is mentioned in the Koran (71, 23) and that the Prophet is Al-Mokanna (the Veiled One), and that no one except Philip Meadows Taylor's surprising informant has identified them with the Zahir.
30 Nonrecognition of the sacred animal and its opprobrious or accidental death at the hands of the people are traditional themes in Chinese literature. See the last chapter of Jung's Nonrecognition of the sacred animal and its opprobrious or accidental death at the hands of the people are traditional themes in Chinese literature. See the last chapter of Jung's Psychologie und Alchemie Psychologie und Alchemie (Zurich, 1944), which contains two curious illustrations. (Zurich, 1944), which contains two curious illustrations.
31 See T. S. Eliot: See T. S. Eliot: Points of View Points of View (1941), pp. 25-26. (1941), pp. 25-26.
32 A century later, the Chinese sophist Hui Tzu reasoned that a staff cut in two every day is interminable (H. A. Giles: A century later, the Chinese sophist Hui Tzu reasoned that a staff cut in two every day is interminable (H. A. Giles: Chuang Tzu, Chuang Tzu, 1889, page 453). 1889, page 453).
33 In the In the Parmenides Parmenides whose Zenonian character is irrefutable Plato expounds a very similar argument to demonstrate that the one is really many. If the one exists, it participates in being; therefore, there are two parts in it, which are being and the one, but each of these parts is one and exists, so that they enclose two more parts, which in turn enclose two more, infinitely. Russell whose Zenonian character is irrefutable Plato expounds a very similar argument to demonstrate that the one is really many. If the one exists, it participates in being; therefore, there are two parts in it, which are being and the one, but each of these parts is one and exists, so that they enclose two more parts, which in turn enclose two more, infinitely. Russell (Introduction to Mathematical Philosophy, (Introduction to Mathematical Philosophy, 1919, page 138) substitutes for Plato's geometrical progression an arithmetical one. If one exists, it participates in being: but since being and the one are different, duality exists; but since being and two are different, trinity exists, etc. Chuang Tzu (Waley: 1919, page 138) substitutes for Plato's geometrical progression an arithmetical one. If one exists, it participates in being: but since being and the one are different, duality exists; but since being and two are different, trinity exists, etc. Chuang Tzu (Waley: Three Ways of Thought in Ancient China, Three Ways of Thought in Ancient China, page 25) resorts to the same interminable page 25) resorts to the same interminable regressus regressus against the monists who declared that the Ten Thousand Things (the Universe) are one. In the first place he argues cosmic unity and the declaration of that unity are already two things; these two and the declaration of their duality are already three; those three and the declaration of their trinity are already four . . . Russell believes that the vagueness of the term against the monists who declared that the Ten Thousand Things (the Universe) are one. In the first place he argues cosmic unity and the declaration of that unity are already two things; these two and the declaration of their duality are already three; those three and the declaration of their trinity are already four . . . Russell believes that the vagueness of the term being being is sufficient to invalidate this reasoning. He adds that numbers do not exist, that they are mere logical fictions. is sufficient to invalidate this reasoning. He adds that numbers do not exist, that they are mere logical fictions.
34 An echo of this proof, now defunct, resounds in the first verse of the An echo of this proof, now defunct, resounds in the first verse of the Paradiso: Paradiso: La gloria di Colui che tutto move.
35 I follow the exposition by James I follow the exposition by James (A Pluralistic Universe, (A Pluralistic Universe, 1909, pages 55-60). Cf. Wentscher: 1909, pages 55-60). Cf. Wentscher: Fechner und Lotze, Fechner und Lotze, 1924, pages 166-171. 1924, pages 166-171.
36 Writings, Writings, 1896, Vol. I, page 129. 1896, Vol. I, page 129.
37 What is a divine mind? the reader will perhaps inquire. There is not a theologian who does not define it; I prefer an example. The steps a man takes from the day of his birth until that of his death trace in time an inconceivable figure. The Divine Mind intuitively grasps that form immediately, as men do a triangle. This figure (perhaps) has its given function in the economy of the universe. What is a divine mind? the reader will perhaps inquire. There is not a theologian who does not define it; I prefer an example. The steps a man takes from the day of his birth until that of his death trace in time an inconceivable figure. The Divine Mind intuitively grasps that form immediately, as men do a triangle. This figure (perhaps) has its given function in the economy of the universe.
38 Thus Milton and Dante interpreted them, to judge by certain passages which seem to be imitative. In the Thus Milton and Dante interpreted them, to judge by certain passages which seem to be imitative. In the Commedia (Inferno, Commedia (Inferno, I, 60; V, 28) we have: I, 60; V, 28) we have: dogni luce muto dogni luce muto and and dove il sol tace dove il sol tace to signify dark places; in the to signify dark places; in the Samson Agonistes Samson Agonistes (86-89): (86-89): The Sun to me is dark And silent as the Moon When she deserts the night Hid in her vacant interlunar cave.
Cf. E. M. W. Tillyard: The Miltonic Setting, The Miltonic Setting, 101. 101.
39 And in Swedenborg. In And in Swedenborg. In Man and Superman Man and Superman we read that Hell is not a penal establishment but rather a state dead sinners elect for reasons of intimate affinity, just as the blessed do with Heaven; the treatise we read that Hell is not a penal establishment but rather a state dead sinners elect for reasons of intimate affinity, just as the blessed do with Heaven; the treatise De Coelo et Inferno De Coelo et Inferno by Swedenborg, published in 1758, expounds the same doctrine. by Swedenborg, published in 1758, expounds the same doctrine.
40 For the convenience of the reader I have selected a moment between two periods of sleep, a literary moment, not a historical one. If anyone suspects a fallacy, he may substitute another example, one from his own life if he so chooses. For the convenience of the reader I have selected a moment between two periods of sleep, a literary moment, not a historical one. If anyone suspects a fallacy, he may substitute another example, one from his own life if he so chooses.
41 And, earlier, by Newton, who maintained: "Each particle of space is eternal, each indivisible moment of duration is everywhere" And, earlier, by Newton, who maintained: "Each particle of space is eternal, each indivisible moment of duration is everywhere" (Principia, (Principia, III, 42). III, 42).