[A.S. _sculder_, _sculdor_; Ger. _schulter_, Dut. _schouder_.]
SHOUT, showt, _n._ a loud and sudden outcry expressing strong emotion, or to attract attention.--_v.i._ to utter a shout: (_slang_) to order drink for others by way of treat.--_v.t._ to utter with a shout.--_n._ SHOUT'ER.--_adv._ SHOUT'INGLY. [Ety. unknown.]
SHOUT, showt, _n._ (_prov_.) a light flat-bottomed boat used in duck-shooting.
SHOVE, shuv, _v.t._ to drive along by continuous pressure: to push before one.--_v.i._ to push forward: to push off.--_n._ act of shoving: a strong push, a forward movement of packed river-ice.--SHOVE OFF, to push off a boat with oar or boat-hook. [A.S. _scofian_; Dut. _schuiven_, Ger.
_schieben_.]
SHOVEL, shuv'l, _n._ an instrument consisting of a broad blade or scoop with a handle, used for lifting loose substances.--_v.t._ to lift up and throw with a shovel: to gather in large quantities.--_v.i._ to use a shovel:--_pr.p._ shov'elling; _pa.t._ and _pa.p._ shov'elled.--_ns._ SHOV'EL-BOARD, SHOVE'-GROAT, SHUFF'LE-BOARD, a game in which a piece of money or metal is driven with the hand toward a mark on a board: the board used in the game; SHOV'ELFUL, as much as a shovel will hold:--_pl._ SHOV'ELFULS; SHOV'EL-HAT, a hat with a broad brim, turned up at the sides, and projecting in front--affected by Anglican clergy; SHOV'EL-HEAD, the bonnet-headed shark: the shovel-headed sturgeon; SHOV'ELLER, one who shovels: a genus of ducks, with mandibles very broad at the end; SHOV'EL-NOSE, a sturgeon with broad, depressed, shovel-shaped snout. [A.S.
_scofl_, from _scufan_, to shove; Ger. _schaufel_.]
SHOW, sh[=o], _v.t._ to present to view: to enable to perceive or know: to inform: to teach: to guide: to prove: to explain: to bestow.--_v.i._ to appear, come into sight: to look:--_pa.p._ sh[=o]wn or sh[=o]wed.--_n._ act of showing: display: a sight or spectacle: parade: appearance: plausibility, pretence: a sign, indication.--_ns._ SHOW'-BILL, a bill for showing or advertising the price, merits, &c. of goods; SHOW'-BOX, a showman's box out of which he takes his materials; SHOW'BREAD, among the Jews, the twelve loaves of bread shown or presented before Jehovah in the sanctuary; SHOW'-CARD, a placard with an announcement: a card of patterns; SHOW'-CASE, a case with glass sides in which articles are exhibited in a museum, &c.; SHOW'-END, that end of a piece of cloth which is on the outside of the roll for exhibition to customers; SHOW'ER; SHOW'ING, appearance: a setting forth, representation; SHOW'MAN, one who exhibits shows; SHOW'-PLACE, a place for exhibition: a gymnasium: (_Shak._) a place where shows are exhibited; SHOW'-ROOM, a room where a show is exhibited: a room in a warehouse, &c., where goods are displayed to the best advantage, a room in a commercial hotel where travellers' samples are exhibited.--SHOW A LEG (_vul_.), to get out of bed; SHOW FIGHT, to show a readiness to resist; SHOW FORTH, to give out, proclaim; SHOW OFF, to display ostentatiously; SHOW OF HANDS, a raising of hands at a meeting to show approval of any proposal; SHOW ONE'S HAND (see HAND); SHOW ONE THE DOOR, to dismiss a person from one's house or presence; SHOW UP, to expose to blame or ridicule. [A.S. _sceawian_; Dut. _schouwen_, Ger. _schauen_, to behold.]
SHOWER, show'[.e]r, _n._ a fall of rain or hail, of short duration: a copious and rapid fall: a liberal supply of anything.--_v.t._ to wet with rain: to bestow liberally.--_v.i._ to rain in showers.--_ns._ SHOW'ER-BATH, a bath in which water is showered upon one from above: the apparatus for giving a bath by showering water on the person; SHOW'ERINESS, the state of being showery.--_adjs._ SHOW'ERLESS, without showers; SHOW'ERY, abounding with showers. [A.S. _scur_; Ice. _skur_, Ger. _schauer_.]
SHOWY, sh[=o]'i, _adj._ making a show: cutting a dash: ostentatious: gay.--_adv._ SHOW'ILY.--_n._ SHOW'INESS.
SHRAB, shrab, _n._ sherbet, liquor generally, spirits. [Hind. _shar[=a]b_, wine.]
SHRANK, shrangk, _pa.t._ of _shrink_.
[Illustration]
SHRAPNEL, shrap'nel, _n._ a shell filled with musket-balls--from General _Shrapnel_ (died 1842).
SHRED, shred, _n._ a long, narrow piece cut or torn off: a strip, fragment, particle.--_v.t._ to cut or tear into shreds.--_n._ SHRED'DING, the act of cutting into shreds: a shred.--_adjs._ SHRED'DY, consisting of shreds, ragged; SHRED'LESS.--_n._ SHRED'-PIE, mince-pie. [A.S. _screade_; Ger.
_schrot_, Scot. _screed_.]
SHREW, shr[=oo], _n._ a brawling, troublesome woman: a scold: a family of insectivorous mammals closely resembling, in general form and appearance, the true mice and dormice--the head long, muzzle long and pointed.--_adj._ SHREWD, of an acute judgment: biting, keen: sly, malicious, wicked, cunning, vixenish.--_adv._ SHREWD'LY.--_n._ SHREWD'NESS.--_adj._ SHREW'ISH, having the qualities of a shrew: peevish and troublesome: clamorous.--_adv._ SHREW'ISHLY.--_ns._ SHREW'ISHNESS; SHREW'-MOLE, a genus of insectivorous mammals of the family _Talpidae_, very closely allied to the moles.--_adj._ SHREW'-STRUCK, poisoned or blasted by a shrew. [A.S.
_screawa_, a shrew-mouse, its bite having been supposed venomous; cf. Ger.
_scher-maus_, a mole.]
SHRIEK, shr[=e]k, _v.i._ to utter a shriek: to scream.--_v.t._ to utter shriekingly.--_n._ the shrill outcry caused by terror or anguish--(_Spens._) SCHRIECH, SHRIGHT, SHRIKE.--_ns._ SHRIEK'ER; SHRIEK'-OWL (same as SCREECH-OWL). [_Screech_.]
SHRIEVE, shr[=e]v, _v.t._ (_Spens._) same as SHRIVE.--_n._ SHRIEV'ALTY (same as SHERIFFALTY).
SHRIFT, shrift, _n._ a confession made to a priest: absolution--esp. of a dying man. [A.S. _scrift_--_scrifan_, to shrive.]
SHRIKE, shr[=i]k, _n._ a genus of passerine birds which prey on insects and small birds, impaling its prey on thorns--hence called the _Butcher-bird_.
[Ice. _skrikja_; cf. _Shriek_.]
SHRILL, shril, _adj._ piercing: sharp: uttering an acute sound.--_adjs._ SHRILL'-GORGED (_Shak._), shrill-throated; SHRILL'ING (_Spens._), sounding shrill.--_n._ SHRILL'NESS.--_adjs._ SHRILL'-TONGUED, SHRILL'-VOICED (_Shak._), having a shrill voice; SHRILL'Y, somewhat shrill.--_adv._ SHRILL'Y. [Skeat explains M. E. _shril_ (Scotch _skirl_) as from Scand., Norw. _skryla_, _skrala_, to cry shrilly; cf. Low Ger. _schrell_.]
SHRIMP, shrimp, _n._ a genus of edible crustaceans, of the order _Decapoda_, allied to lobsters, crayfish, and prawns: a little wizened or dwarfish person.--_v.i._ to catch shrimps.--_ns._ SHRIMP'ER, one who catches shrimps; SHRIMP'ING, the act of catching shrimps; SHRIMP'-NET, a small-meshed net, on a hoop and pole, for catching shrimps. [Parallel to _shrink_; cf. Scotch _scrimpit_, pinched.]
SHRINE, shr[=i]n, _n._ a case or reliquary for relics: a sacred place: an altar: anything hallowed by its associations.--_v.t._ to enshrine.--_adj._ SHR[=I]'NAL. [A.S. _scrin_--L. _scrinium_--_scrib[)e]re_, to write.]
SHRINK, shringk, _v.i._ to contract: to wither: to occupy less space: to become wrinkled by contraction: to recoil, as from fear, disgust, &c.--_v.t._ to cause to shrink or contract: to withdraw:--_pa.t._ shrank, shrunk; _pa.p._ shrunk.--_n._ act of shrinking: contraction: withdrawal or recoil.--_adj._ SHRINK'ABLE.--_ns._ SHRINK'AGE, a contraction into a less compass: the extent of the reduction of anything in bulk by shrinking, evaporation, &c.; SHRINK'ER.--_adv._ SHRINK'INGLY, in a shrinking manner: by shrinking. [A.S. _scrincan_; akin to Ger. _schranken_, to place obliquely.]
SHRIVE, shr[=i]v, _v.t._ to hear a confession from and give absolution to.--_v.i._ to receive confession: to make such:--_pa.t._ shr[=o]ve or shr[=i]ved; _pa.p._ shriv'en.--_ns._ SHR[=I]'VER, one who shrives: a confessor; SHR[=I]'VING (_Spens._), shift, confession; SHR[=I]VING-TIME (_Shak._), time for confession. [A.S. _scrifan_, to write, to prescribe penance--L. _scrib[)e]re_.]
SHRIVEL, shriv'l, _v.i._ and _v.t._ to contract into wrinkles: to blight:--_pr.p._ shriv'elling; _pa.t._ and _pa.p._ shriv'elled. [Perh.
conn. with Old Northumbrian _screpa_, to become dry; cf. Norw. _skrypa_, to waste.]
SHROFF, shrof, _n._ a banker or money-changer in India.--_v.t._ to inspect the quality of coins.--_n._ SHROFF'AGE, such examination. [Hind.
_sarr[=a]f_--Ar. _sarr[=a]f_.]
SHROUD, shrowd, _n._ the dress of the dead, a winding-sheet: that which clothes or covers: any underground hole, a vault, burrow, &c.: (_pl._) a set of ropes from the mast-heads to a ship's sides, to support the masts.--_v.t._ to enclose in a shroud: to cover: to hide: to shelter.--_v.i._ to take shelter.--_adjs._ SHROUD'LESS, without a shroud; SHROUD'Y, giving shelter. [A.S. _scrud_; Ice. _skrudh_, clothing.]
SHROUD, shrowd, _v.t._ (_prov._) to lop the branches from, as a tree.--_n._ a cutting, a bough or branch, the foliage of a tree. [A variant of _shred_.]
SHROVE-TIDE, shr[=o]v'-t[=i]d, _n._ the name given to the days immediately preceding Ash-Wednesday, preparatory to Lent--given up to football, cock-fighting, bull-baiting, &c.--_ns._ SHROVE'-CAKE, a pancake for SHROVE-TIDE; SHROVE'-TUES'DAY, the day before Ash-Wednesday. [A.S.
_scrifan_, to shrive.]
SHROW, shr[=o], _n._ (_Shak._). Same as SHREW.
SHRUB, shrub, _n._ a woody plant with several stems from the same root: a bush or dwarf tree.--_v.t._ (_prov._) to win all a man's money at play.--_adj._ SHRUB'BERIED, abounding in shrubbery.--_ns._ SHRUB'BERY, a plantation of shrubs; SHRUB'BINESS, the state or quality of being shrubby.--_adjs._ SHRUB'BY, full of shrubs: like a shrub: consisting of shrubs; SHRUB'LESS. [A.S. _scrob_; prov. Eng. _shruff_, light rubbish wood.]
SHRUB, shrub, _n._ a drink prepared from the juice of lemons, currants, raspberries, with spirits, as rum. [A variant of _shrab_.]
SHRUFF, shruf, _n._ (_prov._) refuse wood. [_Shrub_.]
SHRUG, shrug, _v.t._ to draw up: to contract.--_v.i._ to draw up the shoulders, expressive of doubt, surprise, indifference, &c.:--_pr.p._ shrug'ging; _pa.t._ and _pa.p._ shrugged.--_n._ an expressive drawing up of the shoulders. [Scand., Dan. _skrugge_, to stoop.]
SHRUNK, _pa.t._ and _pa.p._ of shrink.
SHUCK, shuk, _n._ a husk, shell, or pod.--_v.t._ to remove such, to strip off.--_ns._ SHUCK'ER, one who shucks; SHUCK'ING, the act of taking off the shuck: a shucking-bee.--_interj._ SHUCKS (_slang_), expressive of contempt or disappointment.
SHUDDER, shud'[.e]r, _v.i._ to tremble from fear or horror.--_n._ a trembling from fear or horror.--_adj._ SHUDD'ERING, trembling, tremulous.--_adv._ SHUDD'ERINGLY. [Cf. Old Dut. _schudden_; Ger.
_schaudern_, to shudder.]
SHUFFLE, shuf'l, _v.t._ to change the positions of: to confuse: to remove or introduce by purposed confusion.--_v.i._ to change the order of cards in a pack: to shift ground: to evade fair questions: to move by shoving the feet along.--_n._ act of shuffling: an evasion or artifice.--_n._ SHUFF'LER.--_p.adj._ SHUFF'LING, evasive, as an excuse.--_adv._ SHUFF'LINGLY, in a shuffling manner: with an irregular gait: evasively.--TO SHUFFLE OFF, to thrust aside, put off. [A by-form of _scuffle_, thus conn.
with _shove_ and _shovel_.]
SHUG, shug, _v.i._ (_prov._) to crawl, to shrug.
SHUN, shun, _v.t._ to avoid: to keep clear of: to neglect:--_pr.p._ shun'ning; _pa.t._ and _pa.p._ shunned.--_adj._ SHUN'LESS (_Shak._), not able to be shunned: unavoidable.--_ns._ SHUN'NER; SHUN'PIKE, a byroad.
[A.S. _scunian_; Ice. _skunda_, to speed.]
SHUNT, shunt, _v.t._ to turn aside, to turn off upon a side-rail: to shove off, free one's self from.--_v.i._ to turn aside: to use a switch or shunt in railways and electrics.--_n._ a short side-rail for allowing the main-line to be kept free: (_electr._) a conductor joining two points of a circuit, through which a part of the current is diverted.--_ns._ SHUN'TER; SHUN'TING. [A.S. _scyndan_, to hasten. Skeat derives from Ice. _skunda_, to speed.]
SHUT, shut, _v.t._ to close, as a door: to forbid entrance into: to contract, close, or bring together the parts of: to confine: to catch in the act of shutting something.--_v.i._ to close itself: to be closed.--_pr.p._ shut'ting; _pa.t._ and _pa.p._ shut.--_p.adj._ made fast, closed: not resonant, dull: formed by closing the mouth and nose passages completely, said of consonants, as _t_, _d_, _p_: having the sound cut off sharply by a succeeding consonant, as the _i_ in _pin_, &c.: freed from (with _of_).--_ns._ SHUT'DOWN, a discontinuance of work in a factory, &c.; SHUT'TER, one who, or that which, shuts: a close cover for a window or aperture: (_phot._) a device for opening and closing a lens.--_v.t._ to cover with shutters.--_n._ SHUT'TER-DAM, a form of movable dam having large gates opened and closed by a turbine.--SHUT DOWN, to stop working; SHUT IN, to enclose, to confine: to settle down, or fall (said, e.g., of evening); SHUT OFF, to exclude; SHUT OUT, to prevent from entering; SHUT UP, to close, to confine: (_coll._) to cease speaking, to make one do so, to make it impossible to answer. [A.S. _scyttan_, to bar--_sceotan_, to shoot.]
SHUTTLE, shut'l, _n._ an instrument used for shooting the thread of the woof between the threads of the warp in weaving.--_v.t._ and _v.i._ to move to and fro, like a shuttle.--_n._ SHUTT'LECOCK, a rounded cork stuck with feathers, driven with a battledore: the game itself.--_adv._ SHUTT'LEWISE, in the manner of a shuttle.--_adj._ SHUTT'LE-WIT'TED, flighty. [From base of A.S. _sceotan_, shoot; Dan. and Sw. _skyttel_.]
SHWANPAN, shwan'pan, _n._ the Chinese abacus or reckoning board.--Also SWAN'PAN.
SHY, sh[=i], _adj._ timid: reserved: cautious: suspicious: elusive, hard to find.--_v.i._ to start aside, as a horse from fear.--_v.t._ to avoid:--_pa.t._ and _pa.p._ sh[=i]ed.--_n._ a sudden swerving aside.--_advs._ SHY'LY, SHI'LY.--_ns._ SHY'NESS, SH[=I]'NESS (_obs._); SHY'STER, a tricky lawyer.--FIGHT SHY OF (see FIGHT); LOOK SHY AT, or on, to regard with distrust. [A.S. _sceoh_; Ger. _scheu_, Dan. _sky_.]