SHIRR, SHIR, sh[.e]r, _n._ a puckering made in a fabric by parallel gathering-threads.--_v.t._ to produce such.--_adj._ SHIRRED, having lines or cords inserted between the threads, as in certain elastic fabrics.--_ns._ SHIRR'ING, decorative-shirred needlework; SHIRR'ING-STRING, a cord used to gather the threads together in shirred-work. [Ety. dub.]
SHIRT, sh[.e]rt, _n._ a short garment worn next the body by men: an interior lining in a blast-furnace.--_v.t._ to cover as with a shirt.--_ns._ SHIRT'-FRILL, a fine cambric frill worn in the early years of the 19th century on the breast of the shirt; SHIRT'-FRONT, that part of the shirt which is open and covers the breast, generally of finer material, starched stiffly; SHIRT'ING, cloth for shirts: shirts collectively.--_adj._ SHIRT'LESS, without a shirt.--_ns._ SHIRT'-SLEEVE, the sleeve of a shirt; SHIRT'-WAIST, a woman's overgarment or blouse, coming to the waist and belted there.--BLOODY SHIRT, a blood-stained shirt, as the symbol of murder; BOILED SHIRT, a white shirt clean washed; IN ONE'S SHIRT-SLEEVES, without the coat. [Scand.; Ice. _skyrta_--_skortr_, shortness.]
SHIST, &c. See SCHIST, &c.
SHITEPOKE, sh[=i]t'p[=o]k, _n._ the North American small green heron.
SHITTAH, shit'a, _n._ a tree whose durable wood--SHITTIM WOOD--was used in the construction of the Jewish Tabernacle and its furniture--prob. the _Acacia seyal_. [Heb. _shittah_, pl. _shitt[=i]m_.]
SHIVAREE, shiv'a-r[=e], _v.t._ (_U.S._) to give a mock serenade to.--Also _n._ [A corr. of _charivari_.]
SHIVE, sh[=i]v, _n._ (_Shak._) a slice, as of bread: a small bung for closing a wide-mouthed bottle. [Scand., Ice. _skifa_, a slice; Dut.
_schijf_, Ger. _scheibe_.]
SHIVER, shiv'[.e]r, _n._ a splinter, or small piece into which a thing breaks by sudden violence.--_v.t._ to shatter.--_v.i._ to fall into shivers.--_n._ SHIV'ER-SPAR, a slaty calcite or calcium carbonate.--_adj._ SHIV'ERY, brittle.--SHIVER MY TIMBERS, a nautical imprecation. [Skeat explains _shiver_ as a dim. of the foregoing _shive_, a thin slice, the same as prov. Eng. _sheave_, a thin disc of wood, wheel of a pulley--Ice.
_skifa_, a slice; Dut. _schijf_, Ger. _scheibe_.]
SHIVER, shiv'[.e]r, _v.i._ to shake or tremble: to shudder.--_v.t._ to cause to shake in the wind, as sails.--_n._ SHIV'ERING.--_adv._ SHIV'ERINGLY, with shivering or trembling.--_adj._ SHIV'ERY, inclined to shiver.--THE SHIVERS (_coll._), the ague, chills. [M. E. _chiveren_, a softened form of _kiveren_, supposed by Skeat to be a Scand. form of _quiver_, and a freq. of Ice. _kippa_, to pull, the spelling with sh being due to confusion with _shiver_ (_n._).]
SHIZOKU, sh[=e]-z[=o]'k[=oo], _n._ the two-sworded men of Japan, the gentry proper.
SHOAL, sh[=o]l, _n._ a great multitude of fishes swimming together.--_v.i._ to crowd.--_adv._ SHOAL'WISE, in shoals. [A.S. _scolu_, company--L.
_schola_, school.]
SHOAL, sh[=o]l, _n._ a shallow: a place where the water of a river, sea, or lake is not deep: a sandbank.--_adj._ shallow.--_v.i._ to grow shallow: to come upon shallows.--_ns._ SHOAL'ER, a coasting vessel; SHOAL'INESS; SHOAL'ING, filling up with shoals; SHOAL'-MARK, a mark set up to indicate shoal-water; SHOAL'NESS, shallowness.--_adj._ SHOAL'Y, full of shoals or shallows: not deep. [Scand.; Ice. _skalgr_, oblique; cf. _Shallow_.]
SHOCK, shok, _n._ a violent shake: a sudden dashing of one thing against another: violent onset: an offence: a condition of prostration of voluntary and involuntary functions caused by trauma, a surgical operation, or excessive sudden emotional disturbance: (_coll._) a sudden attack of paralysis, a stroke: an electrical stimulant to sensory nerves, &c.: any very strong emotion.--_v.t._ to shake by violence: to offend: to disgust: to dismay.--_v.i._ to collide with violence.--_n._ SHOCK'ER (_coll._), a very sensational tale.--_adj._ SHOCK'ING, offensive, repulsive.--_adv._ SHOCK'INGLY.--_n._ SHOCK'INGNESS. [Prof. Skeat explains M. E. _schokken_, to shock, as from O. Fr. _choc_, a shock, _choquer_, to give a shock--Old High Ger. _scoc_, a shock, shaking movement. Cf. A.S. _scoc_, pa.t. of _sceacan_, to shake.]
SHOCK, shok, _n._ a heap or pile of sheaves of corn.--_v.t._ to make up into shocks or stooks.--_n._ SHOCK'ER. [M. E. _schokke_--Old Dut.
_schocke_.]
SHOCK, shok, _n._ a dog with long, shaggy hair: a mass of shaggy hair.--_n._ SHOCK'-DOG, a rough-haired dog, a poodle.--_adjs._ SHOCK'-HEAD, -ED, having a thick and bushy head of hair. [A variant of _shag_.]
SHOD, shod, _pa.t._ and _pa.p._ of _shoe_.
SHODDY, shod'i, _n._ (_orig._) the waste arising from the manufacture of wool: now applied to the wool of old woven fabrics reduced to the state in which it was before being spun and woven, and thus fit for remanufacture: the inferior cloth made from this substance: worthless goods: (_coll._) pretence, sham, vulgar and baseless assumption.--_adj._ made of shoddy: inferior, trashy: pretentious, sham, counterfeit: ambitious by reason of newly-acquired wealth.--_n._ SHODD'YISM. [_Shed_, to part--A.S. _sceadan_, to part.]
SHOE, sh[=oo], _n._ a covering for the foot, not coming above the ankle: a rim of iron nailed to the hoof of an animal to keep it from injury: anything in form or use like a shoe:--_pl._ SHOES (sh[=oo]z).--_v.t._ to furnish with shoes: to cover at the bottom:--_pr.p._ shoe'ing; _pa.t._ and _pa.p._ shod.--_ns._ SHOE'-BILL, the whalehead (_Balaeniceps_); SHOE'BLACK, one who blacks and cleans shoes or boots; SHOE'-BLACK'ING, blacking for boots and shoes; SHOE'-BOY, a boy who cleans shoes; SHOE'-BRUSH, a brush for cleaning boots or shoes; SHOE'-BUCK'LE, a buckle for fastening the shoe on the foot, by means of a latchet passing over the instep; SHOE'-HAMM'ER, a broad-faced hammer for pounding leather and for driving pegs, &c.; SHOE'HORN, a curved piece of horn or metal used in putting on a shoe; SHOE'ING-HORN, a shoehorn: (_obs._) anything by which a transaction is facilitated; SHOE'-LACE, a shoe-string; SHOE'-LATCH'ET, a thong for holding a shoe, sandal, &c. on the foot; SHOE'-LEATH'ER, leather for shoes: shoes or shoeing generally.--_adj._ SHOE'LESS, destitute of shoes.--_ns._ SHOE'MAKER, one whose trade or occupation is to make shoes or boots; SHOE'MAKING; SHOE'-PEG, a small peg of wood or metal for fastening different parts of a shoe together; SHO'ER, one who furnishes shoes, a horse-shoer; SHOE'-STRETCH'ER, a last having a movable piece for distending the leather of the shoe in any part; SHOE'-STRING, a string used to draw the sides of the shoe or boot together; SHOE'-TIE, a cord or string for lacing a shoe: (_Shak._) a traveller; SHOE'-WORK'ER, one employed in a shoe-factory.--ANOTHER PAIR OF SHOES (_coll._), quite a different matter; BE IN ONE'S SHOES, or BOOTS, to be in one's place; DIE IN ONE'S SHOES, to die by violence, esp. by hanging; PUT THE SHOE ON THE RIGHT FOOT, to lay the blame where it rightly belongs. [A.S. _sceo_; Goth. _skohs_, Ger.
_schuh_.]
SHOG, shog, _v.i._ to shake, jog, move on, be gone.--_v.t._ to shake.--_n._ a jog, shock. [Celt., W. _ysgogi_, to wag, _ysgog_, a jolt.]
SHOGUN, sh[=o]'g[=oo]n, _n._ the title of the commander-in-chief of the Japanese army during the continuance of the feudal system in Japan.--_adj._ SH[=O]'GUNAL.--_n._ SH[=O]'GUNATE. [Jap.,--_sho_, to hold, _gun_, army.]
SHONE, shon, _pa.t._ and _pa.p._ of _shine_.
SHOO, sh[=oo], _interj._ off! away! to scare away fowls, &c.--_v.i._ to cry 'Shoo!'--_v.t._ to drive away by calling 'Shoo!' [Cf. Fr. _chou_, Gr.
_sou_.]
SHOOK, shook, _pa.t._ of _shake_.
SHOOL, sh[=oo]l, _v.i._ to saunter about, to beg.
SHOOLDARRY, sh[=oo]l-dar'i, _n._ a small tent with steep sloping roof and low sides. [Hind.]
SHOON, sh[=oo]n, an old _pl._ of _shoe_.
SHOOT, sh[=oo]t, _v.t._ to dart: to let fly with force: to discharge from a bow or gun: to strike with a shot: to thrust forward: to pass rapidly through: to lay out, place in position: to hunt over, to kill game in or on: to send forth new parts, as a plant.--_v.i._ to perform the act of shooting: to variegate, to colour in spots or threads: to be driven along: to fly, as an arrow: to jut out: to germinate: to advance or grow rapidly: to hunt birds, &c., with a gun:--_pa.t._ and _pa.p._ shot.--_n._ act of shooting: a match at shooting, shooting-party: a young branch: (_Shak._) a sprouting horn: a passage-way in a mine for letting one down: a sloping trough used for discharging articles or goods from a height: a river-fall, rapid.--_adj._ SHOOT'ABLE, that may be shot, or shot over.--_ns._ SHOOT'ER, one who, or that which, shoots; SHOOT'ING, act of discharging firearms or an arrow: sensation of a quick pain: act or practice of killing game: right to kill game with firearms on a certain area: the district so limited; SHOOT'ING-BOX, a small house in the country for use in the shooting season; SHOOT'ING-GALL'ERY, a long room used for practice in the use of firearms; SHOOT'ING-[=I]'RON (_slang_), a revolver; SHOOT'ING-JACK'ET, a short kind of coat for shooting in; SHOOT'ING-RANGE, a place for practising shooting at targets at measured distances; SHOOT'ING-STAR, a meteor or falling star; SHOOT'ING-STICK, a printer's tool of wood or metal, to be struck with a mallet, for driving quoins.--SHOOT AHEAD, to get to the front among a set of competitors; SHOOT OVER, to go out shooting: to hunt upon.--I'LL BE SHOT (_slang_), a mild imprecation. [A.S. _sceotan_; Dut. _schieten_, Ger.
_schiessen_, to dart.]
SHOP, shop, _n._ a building in which goods are sold by retail: a place where mechanics work, or where any kind of industry is pursued: one's own business or profession, also talk about such.--_v.i._ to visit shops for the purpose of buying.--_v.t._ (_slang_) to imprison:--_pr.p._ shop'ping; _pa.p._ shopped.--_ns._ SHOP'-BELL, a small automatic bell hung to give notice of the opening of a shop-door; SHOP'-BOARD, a bench on which work, esp. that of tailors, is done; SHOP'-BOY, -GIRL, a boy or girl employed in a shop; SHOP'-KEEPER, one who keeps a shop for the sale of goods by retail; SHOP'KEEPING, the business of keeping a shop; SHOP'-LIFT'ER; SHOP'-LIFT'ING, lifting or stealing anything from a shop; SHOP'MAN, one who serves in a shop: a shopkeeper; SHOPOC'RACY, shopkeepers collectively; SHOP'PING, the act of visiting shops to see and buy goods.--_adj._ SHOP'PY, commercial: abounding in shops: given to talking shop: concerning one's own pursuit.--_ns._ SHOP'-WALK'ER, one who walks about in a shop and sees the customers attended to; SHOP'WOMAN, a woman employed in a shop.--_adj._ SHOP'-WORN, somewhat tarnished by being exposed in a shop.--FANCY SHOP, a shop where fancy goods are sold.--SHUT UP SHOP (_coll._), to abandon any enterprise; THE OTHER SHOP (_slang_), a rival institution or establishment; THE WHOLE SHOP (_slang_), entirely; TALK SHOP (_coll._), to converse unseasonably about one's own profession. [A.S. _sceoppa_, a treasury (influenced by O. Fr. _eschoppe_, a stall.)]
SHORE, sh[=o]r, _pa.t._ of _shear_.
SHORE, sh[=o]r, _n._ the coast or land adjacent to the sea, to a river, or lake.--_v.t._ (_Shak._) to set on shore.--_ns._ SHOR'AGE, duty on goods when brought on shore from a ship; SHORE'-ANCH'OR, the anchor lying towards the shore; SHORE'-CLIFF, a cliff at the water's edge; SHORE'-LAND, land bordering on a shore.--_adj._ SHORE'LESS, having no coast: indefinite or unlimited.--_n._ SHORES'MAN, a fisherman along shore: a sole or part owner of a vessel: a longshoreman.--_adv._ SHORE'WARD, towards the shore.--_n._ SHORE'-WH[=A]L'ING, the pursuit of the whale near the shore. [A.S.
_score_--_sceran_, to shear.]
SHORE, sh[=o]r, _n._ a prop or support for the side of a building, or to keep a vessel in dock steady on the slips.--_v.t._ to prop (often with _up_).--_ns._ SH[=O]R'ER; SH[=O]R'ING, the act of supporting with props: a set of props. [Skeat refers to Ice. _skortha_, a prop, esp. under a boat--_skor-inn_, pa.p. of _skera_, to shear.]
SHORE, sh[=o]r, _v.t._ (_Scot._) to warn, threaten: to offer. [Perh. a form of _score_, or another form of _sure_, equivalent to _assure_.]
SHORL, SHORLACEOUS. See SCHORL.
SHORN, shorn, _pa.p._ of shear.--_n._ SH[=O]R'LING, SH[=O]RE'LING, a newly-shorn sheep.
SHORT, short, _adj._ (_comp._ SHORT'ER, _superl._ SHORT'EST) not long in time or space: not tall: near at hand, early in date: scanty, lacking, insufficient: in error, deficient in wisdom, grasp, memory, &c.: narrow: abrupt, curt, sharp, uncivil: brittle, crumbling away readily: not prolonged in utterance, unaccented: (_coll._) undiluted with water, neat: falling below a certain standard (with _of_): of stocks, &c., not having in possession when selling, not able to meet one's engagements, pertaining to short stocks or to those who have sold short.--_adv._ not long.--_n._ a summary account: a short time or syllable: whatever is deficient in number, quantity, &c.: a short sale, one who has made such: (_pl._) small clothes, knee-breeches: the bran and coarse part of meal, in mixture.--_ns._ SHORT'AGE, deficiency; SHORT'-ALLOW'ANCE, less than the regular allowance; SHORT'-AND, the character '&,' the ampersand.--_adj._ SHORT'-ARMED, having short arms, not reaching far.--_ns._ SHORT'-BILL, one having less than ten days to run; SHORT'-CAKE, a rich tea-cake made short and crisp with butter or lard and baked--also SHORT'-BREAD (_Scot._): (_U.S._) a light cake, prepared in layers with fruit between, served with cream; SHORT'-CIR'CUIT (_electr._), a path of comparatively low resistance between two points of a circuit.--_n.pl._ SHORT'-CLOTHES, small clothes, the dress of young children after the first long clothes.--_v.t._ SHORT'-COAT, to dress in short-coats.--_n.pl._ SHORT'-COATS, the shortened skirts of a child when the first long clothes are left off.--_n._ SHORT'COMING, act of coming or falling short of produce or result: neglect of, or failure in, duty.--_n.pl._ SHORT'-COMM'ONS (see COMMON).--_n._ SHORT'-CROSS, the short cross-bar of a printer's chase.--_adjs._ SHORT'-CUT, cut short instead of in long shreds--of tobacco, &c.--also _n._; SHORT'-D[=A]T'ED, having short or little time to run from its date, as a bill.--_n._ SHORT'-DIVI'SION, a method of division with a divisor not larger than 12--opp. to _Long-division_.--_v.t._ SHORT'EN, to make short: to deprive: to make friable.--_v.i._ to become short or shorter: to contract.--_n._ SHORT'-GOWN, a loose jacket with a skirt, worn by women, a bed-gown.--_adj._ SHORT'-GRASSED (_Shak._), provided or covered with short grass.--_n._ SHORT'HAND, an art by which writing is made shorter and easier, so as to keep pace with speaking.--_adj._ SHORT'-HAND'ED, not having the proper number of servants, work-people, &c.--_ns._ SHORT'HANDER, a stenographer; SHORT'-HORN, one of a breed of cattle having very short horns--_Durham_ and _Teeswater_.--_adj._ SHORT'-HORNED.--_n._ SHORT'-HOSE, the stockings of the Highland dress, reaching to the knee, as opposed to the long hose formerly worn by Englishmen.--_adjs._ SHORT'-JOINT'ED, short between the joints: having a short pastern; SHORT'-LEGGED (_Shak._), having short legs; SHORT'-LIVED, living or lasting only for a short time.--_adv._ SHORT'LY, in a short time: in a brief manner: quickly: soon.--_ns._ SHORT'-M[=E]'TRE (see METRE); SHORT'NESS; SHORT'-PULL, a light impression on a hand-press; SHORT'-RIB, one of the lower ribs, not reaching to the breast-bone, a false or floating rib.--_adj._ SHORT'-SIGHT'ED, having sight extending but a short distance: unable to see far: of weak intellect: heedless.--_adv._ SHORT'-SIGHT'EDLY.--_n._ SHORT'-SIGHT'EDNESS.--_adjs._ SHORT'-SP[=O]'KEN, sharp and curt in speech; SHORT'-ST[=A]'PLE, having the fibre short.--_n._ SHORT'-STOP, the player at base-ball between the second and third base.--_adjs._ SHORT'-TEM'PERED, easily put into a rage; SHORT'-WIND'ED, affected with shortness of wind or breath; SHORT'-WIT'TED, having little wit, judgment, or intellect.--AT SHORT SIGHT, meaning that a bill is payable soon after being presented; BE TAKEN SHORT (_coll_.), to be suddenly seized with a desire to evacuate faeces; COME, CUT, FALL, SHORT (see COME, CUT, FALL); IN SHORT, in a few words; MAKE SHORT WORK OF, to settle some difficulty or opposition promptly; TAKE UP SHORT, to check or to answer curtly; THE LONG AND SHORT, the whole. [A.S. _sceort_; Old High Ger. _scurz_; the Dut. and Sw. _kort_, Ger. _kurz_, are borrowed from L.
_curtus_.]
SHOT, _pa.t._ and _pa.p._ of _shoot_.
SHOT, shot, _adj._ (_Spens._) advanced in years.--_n._ a young pig. [Perh.
pa.p. of _shoot_.]
SHOT, shot, _n._ act of shooting: a marksman: a missile: flight of a missile, or the distance passed by it: small globules of lead: (_gun_.) solid projectiles generally: a small pellet, of which there are a number in one charge: range of shot, reach: one cast or set of fishing-nets: the act of shooting, one who shoots, a marksman: a plot of land, a square furlong: a stroke in billiards, &c.--_v.t._ to load with shot:--_pr.p._ shot'ting; _pa.p._ shot'ted.--_ns._ SHOT'-BELT, a belt with a pouch for carrying shot; SHOT'-CART'RIDGE, a cartridge containing small shot; SHOT'-GAUGE, an instrument for measuring the size of round-shot; SHOT'-GUN, a smooth-bore gun for small shot, a fowling-piece; SHOT'-HOLE, a hole made by a shot or bullet: a blasting-hole ready for a blast; SHOT'-OF-A-C[=A]'BLE, a length of rope as it comes from the rope-walk; SHOT'-POUCH, a pouch for small shot.--_adjs._ SHOT'-PROOF, proof against shot; SHOT'TED, loaded with ball and powder: having a shot or weight attached.--_ns._ SHOT'-TOW'ER, a place where small shot is made by dropping molten lead through a colander in rapid motion from a considerable height into water; SHOT'-WIN'DOW, a projecting window in the staircases of old Scotch wooden houses.--A BAD SHOT, a wrong guess; A SHOT IN THE LOCKER, a last reserve of money, food, &c.
SHOT, shot, _adj._ having a changeable colour, chatoyant, as silk, alpaca, &c.
SHOT, shot, _n._ a reckoning, a share of a tavern-bill, &c.--_adj._ SHOT'-FREE (_Shak._), exempted from paying one's share of the reckoning or of expense. [_Scot._]
SHOTTEN, shot'n, _p.adj._ (_Shak._) having ejected the spawn: shooting out into angles: dislocated, as a bone. [From _shoot_.]
SHOUGH, shok, _n._ (_Shak._). Same as _Shock_, a dog.
SHOULD, shood, _pa.t._ of _shall_. [A.S. _sceolde_, _pa.t._ of _sceal_; cf.
_Shall_.]
[Illustration]
SHOULDER, sh[=o]l'd[.e]r, _n._ the part of the trunk between the neck and the free portion of the arm or fore-limb, the region about the scapula: the upper joint of the foreleg of an animal cut for market: anything resembling the shoulder, a rising part, a prominence: that which sustains, support, the whole might or effort: the whole angle of a bastion between the face and flank.--_v.t._ to push with the shoulder or violently: to take upon the shoulder: to fashion with a shoulder or abutment.--_v.i._ to force one's way forward.--_ns._ SHOUL'DER-BELT, a belt that passes across the shoulder; SHOUL'DER-BLADE, the broad, flat, blade-like bone (_scapula_) of the shoulder; SHOUL'DER-BLOCK, a pulley-block left nearly square at the upper end and cut away towards the sheave; SHOUL'DER-BONE, the humerus, shoulder-blade; SHOUL'DER-CLAP'PER (_Shak._), one who claps another on the shoulder or uses great familiarity, a bailiff.--_adj._ SHOUL'DERED, having shoulders of a specified kind.--_ns._ SHOUL'DER-KNOT, a knot worn as an ornament on the shoulder, now confined to servants in livery; SHOUL'DER-PIECE, a strap passing over the shoulder and joining the front and back part of a garment; SHOUL'DER-SLIP, a sprain of the shoulder.--_adjs._ SHOUL'DER-SLIPPED, SHOUL'DER-SHOT'TEN (_Shak._), having the shoulder-joint dislocated.--_n._ SHOUL'DER-STRAP, a strap worn on or over the shoulder: (_U.S._) a narrow strap of cloth edged with gold-lace worn on the shoulder to indicate military and naval rank.--SHOULDER-OF-MUTTON SAIL, a kind of triangular sail of peculiar form, used mostly in boats, very handy and safe, particularly as a mizzen; SHOULDER TO SHOULDER, with hearty and united action or effort.--GIVE, SHOW, or TURN THE COLD SHOULDER (see COLD); PUT, or SET, ONE'S SHOULDER TO THE WHEEL, to give personal help heartily; WITH ONE SHOULDER, with one consent.