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VITRUVIAN, vi-tr[=oo]'vi-an, _adj._ denoting a peculiar kind of convoluted scrollwork, so named from _Vitruvius_, a Roman architect under Augustus.

VITTA, vit'a, _n._ a fillet, or garland for the head:--_pl._ VITT'ae (-[=e]). [L.]

VITULAR, vit'[=u]-lar, VITULINE, vit'[=u]-l[=i]n, _adj._ relating to a calf or to veal. [From L. _vitulus_, a calf.]

VITUPERATE, v[=i]-t[=u]'pe-r[=a]t, _v.t._ to find fault with: to address with abuse: to rate soundly.--_adj._ VIT[=U]'PERABLE, deserving vituperation.--_n._ VIT[=U]PER[=A]'TION, act of vituperating: censure: abuse.--_adj._ VIT[=U]'PER[=A]TIVE, containing vituperation or censure.--_adv._ VIT[=U]'PER[=A]TIVELY.--_n._ VIT[=U]'PER[=A]TOR, one who vituperates. [L. _vituper[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_--_vitium_, a fault, _par[=a]re_, to set out.]

VIURE, v[=e]'[=u]r, _n._ (_her._) a thin ribbon crossing the field in any direction. [Fr.]

VIVA, v[=e]'va, _interj._ long live.--_n._ the exclamation _Viva_! [It., 'Let him live'--L. _viv[)e]re_, to live.]

VIVACE, v[=e]-va'che, _adj._ (_mus._) lively:--_superl._ VIVACIS'SIMO.

[It.]

VIVACIOUS, v[=i]-v[=a]'shus, (or vi-), _adj._ lively or long-lived: active: sportive.--_adv._ VIV[=A]'CIOUSLY.--_ns._ VIV[=A]'CIOUSNESS; VIVAC'ITY, state of being vivacious: life: animation: liveliness or sprightliness of temper or behaviour: (_rare_) a vivacious act or saying. [L. _vivax_, _vivacis_--_viv[)e]re_, to live.]

VIVANDIeRE, v[=e]-vong-di-[=a]r', _n._ in the French and some other Continental armies, a female attendant in a regiment, who sells spirits and other comforts, marching with the corps. [Fr., _fem._ of _vivandier_--It.

_vivandiere_, a sutler--_vivanda_, food.]

VIVARIUM, v[=i]-v[=a]'ri-um, _n._ an artificial enclosure for keeping or raising living animals, as a park, fish-pond, &c.--Also V[=I]'VARY. [L.

_vivarium_--_vivus_, alive--_viv[)e]re_, to live.]

VIVAT, v[=i]'vat, _n._ an exclamation of applause. [L., 'let him live.']

VIVA VOCE, v[=i]'va v[=o]'s[=e], by word of mouth. [L., 'with living voice,'--_vivus_, living, _vox_, _vocis_, voice.]

VIVE, v[=e]v, _interj._ long live. [Fr., 'let him live.']

VIVE, v[=i]v, _adj._ (_Bacon_) lively, forcible. [Fr.,--L.

_vivus_--_viv[)e]re_, to live.]

VIVERRINE, v[=i]-ver'in, _adj._ pertaining to the _Viverridae_, one of the four families of the _aeluroidea_ section of Carnivora.--_n._ one of the _Viverridae_, and esp. of the division of _Viverrinae_, including the civets, genets, &c.

VIVERS, v[=e]'v[.e]rz, _n.pl._ (_Scot._) food, eatables. [Fr. _vivres_--L.

_viv[)e]re_, to live.]

VIVES, v[=i]vz, _n.pl._ a disease of horses, &c., seated in the glands under the ear. [O. Fr. _avives_, _vives_--Sp. _avivas_--Ar.

_addh[=i]ba_--_al_, the, _dh[=i]ba_, she-wolf.]

VIVID, viv'id, _adj._ lively or life-like: having the appearance of life: forming brilliant images in the mind: striking.--_adv._ VIV'IDLY.--_ns._ VIV'IDNESS, VIVID'ITY.--_adj._ VIVIF'IC, vivifying.--_ns._ VIVIFIC[=A]'TION; VIV'IFIER.--_v.t._ VIV'IFY, to make vivid, endue with life. [L. _vividus_--_viv[)e]re_, to live.]

VIVIPAROUS, v[=i]-vip'a-rus, _adj._ producing young alive: (_bot._) germinating from a seed still on the parent plant.--_ns._ V[=I]VIPAR'ITY, V[=I]VIP'AROUSNESS.--_adv._ V[=I]VIP'AROUSLY. [L., from _vivus_, alive, _par[)e]re_, to produce.]

VIVISECTION, viv-i-sek'shun, _n._ the practice of making operations or painful experiments on living animals, for the purposes of physiological research or demonstration.--_v.t._ VIVISECT', to practise vivisection on.--_adj._ VIVISEC'TIONAL.--_ns._ VIVISEC'TIONIST, one who practises or defends vivisection; VIVISEC'TOR, one who practises vivisection; VIVISECT[=O]'RIUM, a place for vivisection. [L. _vivus_, alive, _sectio_--_sec[=a]re_, to cut.]

VIVISEPULTURE, viv-i-sep'ul-t[=u]r, _n._ burial alive.

VIXEN, vik'sn, _n._ a she-fox: an ill-tempered woman.--_adjs._ VIX'EN, VIX'ENISH, VIX'ENLY, ill-tempered, snarling. [Formerly also _vixon_; a form of _fixen_--A.S. _fyxen_, a she-fox.]

VIZ. See VIDELICET.

VIZAMENT, viz'a-ment, _n._ (_Shak._) advisement.

VIZARD, viz'ard, VIZOR, viz'ur. Same as VISOR.

VIZIR, VIZIER, vi-z[=e]r', _n._ a minister or councillor of state in the Ottoman Empire and other Mohammedan states--also VISIER', VEZIR', WIZIER'.--_ns._ VIZIR'ATE, VIZIER'ATE, VIZIR'SHIP, VIZIER'SHIP, the office of a vizir.--_adjs._ VIZIR'IAL, VIZIER'IAL.--GRAND VIZIR, in Turkey, the prime-minister, and formerly also commander of the army. [Ar. _waz[=i]r_, a porter--_wazara_, to bear a burden.]

VLY, vl[=i], or fl[=i], _n._ a swamp, a shallow pond which is sometimes dry.--Also VLEIJ, VLEI. [A word of Dutch origin used in South Africa, prob.

derived from Dut. _vallei_, a valley.]

VOCABLE, v[=o]'ka-bl, _n._ that which is sounded with the voice: a word: a name.--_ns._ VOCAB'[=U]LARY, a list of vocables or words explained in alphabetical order: the words of a language: a dictionary: any list of words; VOCAB'[=U]LIST, a lexicographer, the harmless drudge who compiles a dictionary.--_adjs._ V[=O]'CAL, having a voice: uttered or changed by the voice: (_phon._) voiced, uttered with voice: having a vowel function; VOCAL'IC, containing vowels.--_n._ VOCALIS[=A]'TION, act of vocalising.--_v.t._ V[=O]'CALISE, to make vocal: to form into voice: to insert the vowel points, as in Hebrew.--_v.i._ to speak, sing.--_ns._ V[=O]'CALIST, a vocal musician, a singer; VOCAL'ITY, V[=O]'CALNESS, utterableness: vowel character.--_adv._ V[=O]'CALLY.--_adj._ VOC'ULAR (_rare_), vocal.--VOCAL CHORDS, two elastic membraneous folds of the larynx capable of being stretched or relaxed; VOCAL MUSIC, music produced by the human voice alone, as opposed to _Instrumental music_. [L.

_vocabulum_--_voc[=a]re_, to call.]

VOCATION, v[=o]-k[=a]'shun, _n._ call or act of calling: calling: occupation.--_adj._ VOC[=A]'TIONAL.--_adv._ VOC[=A]'TIONALLY. [L.

_vocatio_--_voc[=a]re_.]

VOCATIVE, vok'a-tiv, _adj._ pertaining to the act of calling, applied to the grammatical case used in personal address.--_n._ the case of a word when a person or thing is addressed. [L. _vocativus_--_voc[=a]re_.]

VOCIFERATE, v[=o]-sif'e-r[=a]t, _v.i._ to cry with a loud voice.--_v.t._ to utter with a loud voice.--_n._ VOCIF'ERANCE, clamour.--_adj._ VOCIF'ERANT, clamorous.--_ns._ VOCIFER[=A]'TION, act of vociferating: a violent or loud outcry; VOCIF'ER[=A]TOR.--_v.t._ VOCIF'ERISE, to vociferate.--_n._ VOCIFEROS'ITY.--_adj._ VOCIF'EROUS, making a loud outcry: noisy.--_adv._ VOCIF'EROUSLY.--_n._ VOCIF'EROUSNESS. [L.--_vox_, _vocis_, voice, _ferre_, to carry.]

VOCULAR, vok'[=u]-lar, _adj._ vocal.--_n._ VOC'ULE, a slight sound of the voice.

VODKA, v[=o]d'ka, _n._ a Russian spirit, properly distilled from rye, but sometimes from potatoes. [Russ., 'brandy,' dim. of _voda_, water.]

VOE, v[=o], _n._ in Shetland, a bay, creek.--Also VO, VAE. [Ice. _vagr_, _vogr_, a creek.]

VOGIE, v[=o]'gi, _adj._ (_Scot._) vain: merry.

VOGUE, v[=o]g, _n._ mode or fashion at any particular time: practice: popular reception. [Fr. _vogue_, course of a ship--_voguer_, to row, from Old High Ger. _wag[=o]n_ (Ger. _wogen_, to fluctuate, float)--_waga_, a waving, akin to _w[=a]g_, a wave.]

VOICE, vois, _n._ sound from the mouth: sound given out by anything: utterance or mode of utterance: language: expression: expressed opinion: one who speaks: (_Shak._) reputation: sound uttered with resonance of the vocal chords: vote: (_gram._) mode of inflecting verbs, as being active or passive.--_v.t._ to give utterance to, declare, announce: to fit for sounding: to regulate the tone of: to utter with voice or tone, as distinguished from breath.--_adjs._ VOICED, furnished with a voice; VOICE'FUL, having a voice: vocal.--_n._ VOICE'FULNESS.--_adj._ VOICE'LESS, having no voice or vote.--_ns._ VOICE'LESSNESS; VOIC'ER; VOIC'ING, the regulating of the tone of organ pipes, ensuring proper power, pitch, and quality.--IN MY VOICE (_Shak._), in my name; INNER VOICE, PART, in music, a voice-part intermediate between the highest and the lowest; IN VOICE, in good condition for singing or speaking.--WITH ONE VOICE, unanimously. [O.

Fr. _voix_--L. _vox_, _vocis_; akin to Gr. _epos_, a word.]

VOID, void, _adj._ unoccupied: empty: destitute (with _of_): having no binding force: wanting: unsubstantial.--_n._ an empty space.--_v.t._ to make vacant: to quit: to send out, emit, empty out: to render of no effect, to nullify: (_Spens._) to lay aside, divest one's self of.--_adj._ VOID'ABLE, that may be voided or evacuated.--_n._ VOID'ANCE, act of voiding or emptying: state of being void: ejection.--_p.adj._ VOID'ED (_her._), having the inner part cut away or left vacant--said of a charge or ordinary.--_ns._ VOID'ER, one who empties: a contrivance in armour for covering an unprotected part of the body: a tray for carrying away crumbs, &c.; VOID'ING, the act of voiding: a remnant; VOID'NESS, emptiness: nullity. [O. Fr. _voide_, _void_, empty--L. _viduus_, bereft; others trace to Low L. form, akin to L. _vac[=a]re_, to be empty.]

VOIVODE, VAIVODE, voi'v[=o]d, v[=a]'v[=o]d, _n._ the leader of an army: in Poland the title of the head of an administrative division, in Moldavia and Wallachia the former title of the princes, in Turkey an inferior administrative official--also VAY'VODE, WAI'WODE, WAY'WODE.--_ns._ VOI'VODESHIP, VAI'VODESHIP. [Russ. _voevoda_ (Serv. _vojvoda_, Pol.

_wojewoda_), a general.]

VOL, vol, _n._ (_her._) two wings displayed and conjoined in base. [Fr.]

VOLABLE, vol'a-bl, _adj._ (_Shak._) nimble--willed. [L. _vol[=a]re_, to fly.]

VOLANT, v[=o]'lant, _adj._ flying: nimble: (_her._) represented as flying, or as in the air unsupported, or creeping.--_n._ V[=O]'LANT-PIECE, a part of the helmet which could be removed at will.--_adj._ VOL'ATILE, evaporating very quickly: flighty: apt to change.--_ns._ VOL'ATILENESS, VOLATIL'ITY, quality of being volatile: disposition to evaporate rapidly: sprightliness: fickleness.--_adj._ VOL'ATILISABLE.--_ns._ VOLATILIS[=A]'TION, act or process of making volatile or evaporating.--_v.t._ VOL'ATILISE, to make volatile: to cause to evaporate.--_n._ VOL'ERY, a large enclosure for birds in which they have room to fly.--_adj._ VOL'ITANT, flying.--_n._ VOLIT[=A]'TION. [Fr.,--L.

_volans_, _antis_, pr.p. of _vol[=a]re_, to fly.]

VOLANTE, v[=o]-lan'te, _n._ a two-wheeled covered vehicle with long shafts, with a chaise-body hung before the axle, driven by a postillion. [Sp.]

VOLAPuK, v[=o]-la-puk', _n._ a name given to a universal language invented in 1879 by Johann Schleyer of Constance, Baden, the vocabulary being mainly based on English, and the grammar being simplified to the utmost.--_n._ VOLAPuK'IST, one versed in Volapuk: one who advocates the adoption of Volapuk. [Lit. 'world-speech'--_vol_, shortened from Eng. _world_, _puk_, for Eng. _speak_.]

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