SAYNAY, s[=a]'n[=a], _n._ a lamprey.
SAYON, s[=a]'on, _n._ a medieval peasant's sleeveless jacket. [O.
Fr.,--_saye_, serge.]
SAYORNIS, s[=a]-or'nis, _n._ the pewit fly-catchers. [Thomas _Say_, an American ornithologist.]
SBIRRO, sbir'r[=o], _n._ an Italian police-officer:--_pl._ SBIRRI (sbir'r[=e]). [It.]
'SBLOOD, sblud, _interj._ an imprecation. [_God's blood_.]
SCAB, skab, _n._ a crust formed over a sore: a disease of sheep resembling the mange: a disease of potatoes, or a fungous disease of apples, &c.: a mean fellow: a workman who refuses to join a trades-union or to take part in a strike, or who takes the place of a man out on strike.--_v.i._ to heal over, to cicatrise: to form a new surface by encrustation.--_n._ (_print._) a scale-board.--_adj._ SCAB'BED, affected or covered with scabs: diseased with the scab: vile, worthless.--_ns._ SCAB'BEDNESS; SCAB'BINESS.--_adj._ SCAB'BY, scabbed: injured by the attachment of barnacles to the carapace of a shell: (_print._) of matter that is blotched or uneven.--_n._ SCAB'-MITE, the itch-mite. [A.S _scaeb_ (Dan. _scab_, Ger. _schabe_)--L.
_scabies_--_scab[)e]re_, to scratch.]
SCABBARD, skab'ard, _n._ the case in which the blade of a sword is kept: a sheath.--_v.t._ to provide with a sheath.--_n._ SCABB'ARD-FISH, a fish of the family _Lepidopodidae_. [M. E. _scauberk_, prob. an assumed O. Fr.
_escauberc_--Old High Ger. _scala_, a scale, _bergan_, to protect.]
SCABBLE, skab'l, _v.t._ to hew a stone to a level surface without making it smooth.--Also SCAPP'LE. [Prob. A.S. _scafan_, to shave.]
SCABELLUM, sk[=a]-bel'um, _n._ an ancient musical appliance, consisting of plates of metal, &c., fastened to the feet to be struck together. [L., also _scabillum_, dim. of _scamnum_, a bench.]
SCABERULOUS, sk[=a]-ber'[=u]-lus, _adj._ (_bot._) slightly roughened.
[_Scabrous_.]
SCABIES, sk[=a]'bi-[=e]z, _n._ the itch. [L.,--_scab[)e]re_, to scratch.]
SCABIOSA, sk[=a]-bi-[=o]'sa, _n._ a genus of herbaceous plants of the teasel family, as the _Devil's-bit scabious_, the _Sweet scabious_, &c.--the former long thought efficacious in scaly eruptions.
SCABIOUS, sk[=a]'bi-us, _adj._ scabby: scurfy: itchy.--_n._ SCABRED'ITY, roughness: ruggedness.--_adj._ SC[=A]'BRID, rough.--_n._ SCABRIT'IES, a morbid roughness of the inner surface of the eyelid.--_adj._ SC[=A]'BROUS, rough to the touch, like a file: rugged: covered with little points: harsh: unmusical.--_n._ SC[=A]'BROUSNESS. [L. _scabiosus_--_scabies_, the itch.]
SCAD, skad, _n._ a carangoid fish, also called _Horse-mackerel_: (_Scot._) the ray. [Prob. _shad_.]
SCAD, a Scotch form of _scald_.
SCADDLE, skad'l, _adj._ (_prov._) mischievous, hurtful.--_n._ hurt.--Also SCATH'EL, SKADD'LE. [_Scathe_.]
SCaeAN, s[=e]'an, _adj._ western, from the _Scaean_ gate in Troy. [Gr.
_skaios_, left.]
SCAFF, skaf, _n._ (_Scot._) food of any kind.
SCAFFOLD, skaf'old, _n._ a temporary platform for exhibiting or for supporting something, and esp. for the execution of a criminal: a framework.--_v.t._ to furnish with a scaffold: to sustain.--_ns._ SCAFF'OLDAGE (_Shak._), a scaffold, a stage, the gallery of a theatre; SCAFF'OLDER, a spectator in the gallery: one of the 'gods;' SCAFF'OLDING, a scaffold of wood for supporting workmen while building: materials for scaffolds: (_fig._) a frame, framework: disposing of the bodies of the dead on a scaffold or raised platform, as by the Sioux Indians, &c. [O. Fr.
_escafaut_ (Fr. _echafaud_, It. _catafalco_); from a Romance word, found in Sp. _catar_, to view--L. _capt[=a]re_, to try to seize, _falco_ (It.
_palco_), a scaffold--Ger. _balke_, a beam. Doublet _catafalque_.]
SCAFF-RAFF, skaf'-raf, _n._ (_Scot._) refuse: riff-raff.
SCAGLIA, skal'ya, _n._ an Italian calcareous rock, corresponding to the chalk of England.
SCAGLIOLA, skal-y[=o]'la, _n._ a composition made to imitate the more costly kinds of marble and other ornamental stones.--Also SCAL'IOLA. [It.
_scagliuola_, dim. of _scaglia_, a scale, a chip of marble or stone.]
SCAITH, sk[=a]th, _n._ (_Scot._) damage.--_adj._ SCAITH'LESS. [_Scathe_.]
SCALA, sk[=a]'la, _n._ (_surg._) an instrument for reducing dislocation: a term applied to any one of the three canals of the cochlea:--_pl._ SC[=A]'Lae.--_adj._ SC[=A]'LABLE, that may be scaled or climbed.--_ns._ SC[=A]LADE', an assault, as an escalade--also SCALa'DO; SC[=A]'LAR (_math._), in the quaternion analysis, a quantity that has magnitude but not direction.--_adj._ of the nature of a scalar.--_n.pl._ SCAL[=A]'RIA, the ladder-shells or wentle-traps.--_adjs._ SC[=A]LAR'IFORM, shaped like a ladder; SC[=A]'LARY, formed with steps. [L., a ladder.]
SCALAWAG, SCALLAWAG, skal'a-wag, _n._ an undersized animal of little value: a scamp: a native Southern Republican, as opposed to a carpet-bagger, during the period of reconstruction after the American Civil War. [From _Scalloway_ in the Shetland Islands, in allusion to its small cattle.]
SCALD, skawld, _v.t._ to burn with hot liquid: to cook slightly, as fruit, in hot water or steam: to cleanse thoroughly by rinsing with very hot water.--_n._ a burn caused by hot liquid.--_ns._ SCALD'ER, one who scalds vessels: a pot for scalding; SCALD'-FISH, a marine flat fish; SCALD'ING, things scalded; SCALD'-RAG, a nickname for a dyer.--SCALDING HOT, so hot as to scald. [O. Fr. _escalder_ (Fr. _echauder_)--Low L. _excald[=a]re_, to bathe in warm water--_ex_, from, _calidus_, warm, hot.]
SCALD, SKALD, skald, _n._ one of the ancient Scandinavian poets.--_adj._ SCALD'IC, relating to, or composed by, the Scalds. [Ice. _skald_.]
SCALD, skawld, _n._ scurf on the head.--_adj._ scurfy, paltry, poor.--_ns._ SCALD'BERRY, the blackberry; SCALD'-CROW, the hooded crow; SCALD'-HEAD, a fungous parasitic disease of the scalp, favus. [_Scall._]
SCALDINO, skal-d[=e]'n[=o], _n._ an Italian earthenware brazier:--_pl._ SCALDI'NI. [It.]
SCALE, sk[=a]l, _n._ a ladder: series of steps: a graduated measure: (_mus._) a series of all the tones ascending or descending from the keynote to its octave, called the gamut: the order of a numeral system: gradation: proportion: series.--_v.t._ to mount, as by a ladder: to ascend: to draw in true proportion: to measure logs: to decrease proportionally, as every part.--_v.i._ to lead up by steps: (_Scot._) to disperse, to spill, to spread as manure.--_ns._ SCALE'-BOARD (_print._), a thin slip of wood for extending a page to its true length, making types register, securing uniformity of margin, &c.; SCALE'-PIPETTE', a tubular pipette with a graduated scale for taking up definite quantities of liquid; SCAL'ING-LADD'ER, a ladder used for the escalade of an enemy's fortress: a fireman's ladder: (_her._) a bearing representing a ladder, with two hooks and two ferrules. [L. _scala_, a ladder--_scand[)e]re_, to mount.]
SCALE, sk[=a]l, _n._ one of the small, thin plates on a fish or reptile: a thin layer: a husk: the covering of the leaf-buds of deciduous trees: a piece of cuticle that is squamous or horny: a flake: an encrustation on the side of a vessel in which water is heated.--_v.t._ to clear of scales: to peel off in thin layers.--_v.i._ to come off in thin layers.--_ns._ SCALE'-ARM'OUR, armour consisting of scales of metal overlapping each other: plate-mail; SCALE'-BACK, a marine worm covered with scales.--_adjs._ SCALE'-BEAR'ING, having scales, as the sea-mice; SCALED, having scales: covered with scales.--_ns._ SCALE'-DOVE, an American dove having the plumage marked as with scales; SCALE'-FISH, a dry cured fish, as the haddock; SCALE'-FOOT, the scabbard-fish; SCALE'-IN'SECT, any insect of the homopterous family _Coccidae_.--_adj._ SCALE'LESS, without scales, as the scaleless amphibians.--_n._ SCALE'-MOSS, certain plants which resemble moss.--_adj._ SCALE'-PATT'ERN, having a pattern resembling scales.--_ns._ SCALE'-QUAIL, an American quail having scale-like markings of the plumage; SC[=A]'LER, one who makes a business of scaling fish: an instrument used by dentists in removing tartar.--_adjs._ SCALE'-TAILED, having scales on the under side of the tail; SCALE'-WINGED, having the wings covered with minute scales, as a butterfly.--_ns._ SCALE'-WORK, scales lapping over each other; SCALE'-WORM, a scale-back: SCAL'INESS, the state of being scaly: roughness; SCAL'ING, the process of removing scales from a fish, or encrustations from the interior of a boiler; SCAL'ING-FUR'NACE, a furnace in which plates of iron are heated for the purpose of scaling them, as in tinning.--_adj._ SCAL'Y, covered with scales: like scales: shabby: (_bot._) formed of scales. [A.S. _sceale_, _scale_, the scale of a fish; Ger. _schale_, shell.]
SCALE, sk[=a]l, _n._ the dish of a balance: a balance, as to turn the scale--chiefly in _pl._: (_pl._) Libra, one of the signs of the zodiac.--_v.t._ to weigh, as in scales: to estimate.--_ns._ SCALE'-BEAM, the beam or lever of a balance; SCALE'-MICROM'ETER, in a telescope, a graduated scale for measuring distances; SC[=A]L'ING, the process of adjusting sights to a ship's guns.--BEAM AND SCALES, a balance; GUNTER'S SCALE, a scale for solving mechanically problems in navigation and surveying. [A.S. _scale_, a balance; Dut. _schaal_, Ger. _schale_; allied to preceding word.]
SCALENE, sk[=a]-l[=e]n', _adj._ (_geom._) having three unequal sides; (_anat._) obliquely situated and unequal-sided.--_n._ a scalene triangle: one of several triangular muscles.--_ns._ SC[=A]LENOH[=E]'DRON, a pyramidal form under the rhombohedral system, enclosed by twelve faces, each a scalene triangle; SC[=A]L[=E]'NUM, a scalene triangle; SC[=A]L[=E]'NUS, a scalene muscle. [Fr.,--L. _scalenus_--Gr. _skal[=e]nos_, uneven.]
SCALIOLA=_Scagliola_ (q.v.).
SCALL, skawl, _n._ (_B._) a scab: scabbiness: in mining, loose ground.--_adj._ mean.--_adjs._ SCALLED, SCALD, scabby: mean. [Ice.
_skalli_, bald head.]
SCALLION, skal'yun, _n._ the shallot: the leek: the onion. [L. _Ascalonia_ (_caepia_), Ascalon (onion).]
SCALLOP, skol'up, _n._ a bivalve having a sub-circular shell with sinuous radiating ridges: one of a series of curves in the edge of anything: a shallow dish in which oysters, &c., are cooked, baked, and browned.--_v.t._ to cut the edge or border into scallops or curves: to cook in a scallop with crumbs of bread, &c.--_p.adj._ SCALL'OPED, having the edge or border cut into scallops or curves.--_ns._ SCALL'OP MOTH, a name applied to several geometrid moths; SCALL'OP-SHELL, a scallop, or the shell of one, the badge of a pilgrim. [O. Fr. _escalope_--Old Dut. _schelpe_, a shell; cf. Ger. _schelfe_, a husk.]
SCALMA, skal'ma, _n._ a disease of horses. [Old High Ger. _scalmo_, pestilence; cf. _Schelm_.]
SCALOPS, sk[=a]'lops, _n._ a genus of American shrew-moles. [Gr. _skalops_, a mole--_skallein_, to dig.]
SCALP, skalp, _n._ the outer covering of the skull or brain-case, including the skin, the expanded tendon of the occipito-frontalis muscle, with intermediate cellular tissue and blood-vessels: the skin on which the hair grows: the skin of the top of the head, together with the hair, torn off as a token of victory by the North American Indians: the skin of the head of a noxious wild animal: (_her._) the skin of the head of a stag with the horns attached: a bed of oysters or mussels (Scot. _Scaup_).--_v.t._ to cut the scalp from: to flay: to lay bare: to deprive of grass: to sell at less than recognised rates: to destroy the political influence of.--_ns._ SCAL'PER, one who scalps; a machine for removing the ends of grain, as wheat or rye, or for separating the different grades of broken wheat, semolina, &c.: one who buys and sells railroad tickets, &c., at less than the official rates, a ticket-broker: an instrument used by surgeons for scraping carious bones (also SCAL'PING-[=I]'RON); SCAL'PING-KNIFE, a knife, formerly a sharp stone, used by the Indians of North America for scalping their enemies; SCAL'PING-TUFT, a scalp-lock.--_adj._ SCALP'LESS, having no scalp, bald.--_n._ SCALP'-LOCK, a long tuft of hair left by the North American Indians as a challenge. [Old Dut. _schelpe_, a shell; cf. Ger. _schelfe_, a husk; a doublet of _scallop_.]
SCALPEL, skalp'el, _n._ a small surgical knife for dissecting and operating.--_n._ SCALPEL'LUM, one of the four filamentous organs in the proboscis of hemipterous insects:--_pl._ SCALPEL'LA.--_adj._ SCAL'PRIFORM, chisel-shaped, specifically said of the incisor teeth of rodents. [L.
_scalpellum_, dim. of _scalprum_, a knife--_scalp[)e]re_, to cut.]
SCAMBLE, skam'bl, _v.i._ (_obs._) to scramble: to sprawl.--_v.t._ to mangle: to squander.--_ns._ SCAM'BLER, a meal-time visitor; SCAM'BLING, a hasty meal.--_n.pl._ SCAM'BLING-DAYS, days in which meat is scarce.--_adv._ SCAM'BLINGLY, strugglingly. [Ety. dub.; prob. related to _shamble_.]
SCAMEL, SCAMMEL, skam'el, _n._ a bar-tailed godwit.
SCAMILLUS, sk[=a]-mil'us, _n._ a second plinth under a column:--_pl._ SCAMILL'I ([=i]). [L.]
SCAMMONY, skam'o-ni, _n._ a cathartic gum-resin obtained from a species of convolvulus in Asia Minor.--_adj._ SCAMM[=O]'NIATE, made with scammony.
[Fr.,--L.,--Gr. _skamm[=o]nia_; prob. Persian.]