PAWN, pawn, _n._ something given as security for the repayment of money or the performance of a promise: state of being pledged.--_v.t._ to give in pledge.--_ns._ PAWN'BROKER, a broker who lends money on pawns or pledges; PAWN'BROKING, the business of a pawnbroker; PAWNEE', one who takes anything in pawn; PAWN'ER, one who gives a pawn or pledge as security for money borrowed; PAWN'SHOP, a shop of a pawnbroker; PAWN'TICKET, a ticket marked with the name of the article, the amount advanced, &c., delivered to the person who has pawned anything.--AT PAWN, pledged, laid away. [O. Fr.
_pan_, prob. from L. _pannus_, a cloth.]
PAWN, pawn, _n._ a common piece in chess. [O. Fr. _paon_, a foot-soldier--Low L. _pedo_, _pedonis_, a foot-soldier--L. _pes_, _pedis_, the foot.]
PAWN, pawn, _n._ a gallery.
PAWNEE, paw'n[=e], _n._ one of a tribe of Indians in North America.--_adj._ belonging to this tribe.
PAX, paks, _n._ the kiss of peace (Rom. xvi. 16): a plaque or tablet used in giving the kiss of peace when the mass is celebrated by a high dignitary--a crucifix, a tablet with the image of Christ on the cross upon it, or a reliquary.--PAX VOBIS, PAX VOBISCUM, peace (be) with you. [L.]
PAXWAX, paks'waks, _n._ the strong tendon in the neck of animals. [Orig.
_fax-wax_--A.S. _feax_, _fex_, hair, _weaxan_, to grow.]
PAY, p[=a], _v.t._ to satisfy or set at rest: to discharge, as a debt or a duty: to requite with what is deserved: to reward: to punish: to give, render.--_v.i._ to recompense: to be worth one's trouble: to be profitable:--_pa.t._ and _pa.p._ paid.--_n._ that which satisfies: money given for service: salary, wages.--_adj._ PAY'ABLE, that may be paid: that ought to be paid: due.--_ns._ PAY'-BILL, a statement of moneys to be paid, to workmen, soldiers, &c.; PAY'-CLERK, a clerk who pays wages; PAY'-DAY, a regular day for payment, as of wages; PAY'-DIRT, -GRAV'EL, gravel or sand containing enough gold to be worth working; PAYEE', one to whom money is paid; PAY'ER; PAY'-LIST, -ROLL, a list of persons entitled to pay, with the amounts due to each; PAY'MASTER, the master who pays: an officer in the army or navy whose duty it is to pay soldiers, &c.; PAY'MENT, the act of paying: the discharge of a debt by money or its equivalent in value: that which is paid: recompense: reward: punishment; PAY'-OFF'ICE, the place where payments are made; FULL'-PAY, the whole amount of wages, &c., without deductions; HALF'-PAY (see HALF).--PAY DOWN, to pay in cash on the spot; PAY FOR, to make amends for: to bear the expense of; PAY OFF, to discharge: to take revenge upon: to requite: (_naut._) to fall away to leeward; PAY OUT, to cause to run out, as rope; PAY ROUND, to turn the ship's head; PAY THE PIPER, to have all expenses to pay.--IN THE PAY OF, hired by. [Fr.
_payer_--L. _pac[=a]re_, to appease; cf. _pax_, peace.]
PAY, p[=a], _v.t._ (_naut._, and in the proverb 'the devil to pay') to smear with tar, pitch, &c. [Perh. through O. Fr. _peier_ (Sp. _empegar_) from L. _pic[=a]re_, to pitch.]
PAYNE, p[=a]n, _v.i._ (_Spens._) to take pains, exert one's self.
PAYNIM, PAINIM, p[=a]'nim, _n._ a pagan: a heathen. [O. Fr. _paienisme_, paganism--L. _paganismus_--_paganus_, a pagan.]
PAYNISE, p[=a]'n[=i]z, _v.t._ to harden and preserve, as wood, by successive injections of solutions of calcium or barium sulphide followed by calcium sulphate. [_Payne_, inventor of the process.]
PAYSAGE, p[=a]'s[=a]j, _n._ a landscape.--_n._ PAY'S[=A]GIST, a landscape-painter. [Fr.]
PAYSE, p[=a]z, _v.i._ (_Spens._) to poise, to balance.
PEA, p[=e], _n._ a climbing annual herb of the bean family, whose seeds are nutritious:--_pl._ PEAS, a definite number; PEASE, a quantity not numbered.--_ns._ PEA'-R[=I]'FLE, a rifle throwing a very small bullet; PEAS'COD, PEASE'COD, the pod or pericarp of the pea; PEA'-SHOOT'ER, a small metal tube for blowing peas through; PEA'-STONE, pisolite.--EGYPTIAN PEA, the chick-pea; FRENCH PEA, the common garden pea: (_pl._) canned peas made up in France; SPLIT PEAS, peas stripped of their membraneous covering in a mill, used for making pea-soup, or ground into meal; SWEET PEA, a climbing annual with large and fragrant flowers. [M. E. _pese_, pl. _pesen_ and _peses_--A.S. _pisa_, pl. _pisan_--L. _pisum_, Gr. _pison_.]
PEA, p[=e], _n._ a pea-fowl. See PEACOCK.
PEACE, p[=e]s, _n._ a state of quiet: freedom from disturbance: freedom from war: friendliness: calm: rest: harmony: silence.--_interj._ silence: be silent: hist!--_adj._ PEACE'ABLE, disposed to peace: free from war or disturbance: quiet: tranquil.--_n._ PEACE'ABLENESS.--_adv._ PEACE'ABLY.--_n._ PEACE'-BREAK'ER, one who breaks or disturbs the peace of others.--_adj._ PEACE'FUL, full of peace: quiet: tranquil: calm: serene.--_adv._ PEACE'FULLY.--_n._ PEACE'FULNESS.--_adj._ PEACE'LESS, without peace.--_ns._ PEACE'LESSNESS; PEACE'MAKER, one who makes or produces peace; one who reconciles enemies; PEACE'-OFF'ERING, an offering bringing about peace: among the Jews, an offering to God, either in gratitude for past or petition for future mercies (see Lev. iii.; vii.
11-21): satisfaction to an offended person; PEACE'-OFF'ICER, an officer whose duty it is to preserve the peace: a police-officer.--_adj._ PEACE'-PART'ED (_Shak._), dismissed from the world in peace.--_n._ PEACE'-PAR'TY, a political party advocating the making or the preservation of peace; PEACE'-PIPE (see CALUMET).--PEACE ESTABLISHMENT, the reduced military strength maintained in time of peace; PEACE OF GOD, the ancient cessation from suits between terms, and on Sundays and holy days.--BREACH OF THE PEACE (see BREACH); HOLD ONE'S PEACE, to be silent; KEEP PEACE, abstain from breaking the peace of others; KISS OF PEACE (see KISS); LETTERS OF PEACE (see PACIFY); MAKE ONE'S PEACE WITH, to reconcile or to be reconciled with; QUEEN'S, or KING'S, PEACE, the public peace, for the maintenance of which the sovereign as head of the executive is responsible; SWEAR THE PEACE, to take oath before a magistrate that a certain person ought to be put under bond to keep the peace. [O. Fr. _pais_ (Fr.
_paix_)--L. _pax_, _pacis_, peace.]
PEACH, p[=e]ch, _v.i._ to betray one's accomplice: to become informer.--_n._ PEACH'ER. [A corr. of _impeach_.]
PEACH, p[=e]ch, _n._ a tree with a delicious, juicy fruit: the fruit of this tree.--_ns._ PEACH'-BLOSS'OM, a canary-yellow colour: pink with a yellowish tinge: a collector's name for a moth, the _Thyatira batis_; PEACH'-BRAND'Y, a spirit distilled from the fermented juice of the peach.--_adj._ PEACH'-COL'OURED, of the colour of a peach-blossom: pale red.--_ns._ PEACH'ERY, a hothouse in which peaches are grown; PEACH'-STONE, the hard nut enclosing the seed within the fruit of the peach; PEACH'-WA'TER, a flavouring extract used in cookery, prepared from the peach.--_adj._ PEACH'Y.--_n._ PEACH'-YELL'OWS, a disease that attacks peach-trees in the eastern United States. [O. Fr. _pesche_ (Fr. _peche_, It. _persica_, _pesca_)--L. _Persicum_ (_malum_), the Persian (apple).]
PEACOCK, p[=e]'kok, _n._ a large gallinaceous bird of the pheasant kind, remarkable for the beauty of its plumage, esp. that of its tail:--_fem._ PEA'HEN.--_v.t._ to cause to strut like a peacock.--_v.i._ to strut about proudly.--_ns._ PEA'CHICK, the young of the pea-fowl; PEA'COCK-FISH, a variegated labroid fish; PEA'-FOWL, the peacock or peahen. [A.S. _pawe_--L.
_pavo_--Gr. _ta[=o]s_--Pers. _t[=a]wus_; and _cock_ (q.v.).]
PEACOD. Same as PEASCOD.
PEA-CRAB, p[=e]'-krab, _n._ a genus of small crustaceans, which live within the mantle-lobes of mussels, oysters, &c.
PEAG, p[=e]g, _n._ polished shell-beads used as money among the North American Indians.--Also PEAK (p[=e]k).
PEA-GREEN, p[=e]'-gr[=e]n, _adj._ a shade of green like the colour of green peas.
PEA-JACKET, p[=e]'-jak'et, _n._ a coarse thick jacket worn esp. by seamen.--Also PEA'-COAT. [Dut. _pij_ (pron. p[=i]), a coat of coarse thick cloth; _jacket_.]
PEAK, p[=e]k, _n._ a point: the pointed end of anything: the top of a mountain: (_naut._) the upper outer corner of a sail extended by a gaff or yard, also the extremity of the gaff.--_v.i._ to rise upward in a peak: to look thin or sickly.--_v.t._ (_naut._) to raise the point (of a gaff) more nearly perpendicular.--_adjs._ PEAKED, pointed: ending in a point: having a thin or sickly look; PEAK'ING, sickly, pining, sneaking; PEAK'ISH, having peaks: thin or sickly looking; PEAK'Y (_Tenn._), having or showing peaks.
[M. E. _pec_--Ir. _peac_, a sharp thing. Cf. _Beak_, _Pike_.]
PEAL, p[=e]l, _n._ a loud sound: a number of loud sounds one after another: a set of bells tuned to each other: a chime or carillon: the changes rung upon a set of bells.--_v.i._ to resound like a bell: to utter or give forth loud or solemn sounds.--_v.t._ to cause to sound loudly: to assail with noise: to celebrate. [For _appeal_; O. Fr. _apel_--_apeler_--L.
_appell[=a]re_, inten. of _appell[)e]re_, _ap-_ (_ad_), to, _pell[)e]re_, to drive.]
PEA-MAGGOT, p[=e]'-mag'ut, _n._ the caterpillar of a small moth which lays its eggs in pods of peas.
PEAN, p[=e]n, _n._ one of the heraldic furs, differing from ermine only in the tinctures, the ground being sable and the spots of gold. [O. Fr.
_panne_, a fur. Cf. _Pane_.]
PEAN. See PaeAN.
PEA-NUT, or _Ground-nut_. See GROUND.
PEAR, p[=a]r, _n._ a common fruit of a somewhat conical shape, and very juicy to the taste: the tree on which it grows, allied to the apple.--_adj._ PEAR'IFORM, PEAR'-SHAPED, shaped like a pear--that is, thick and rounded at one end, and tapering to the other.--_n._ PEAR'-TREE. [A.S.
_pera_ or _peru_--L. _pirum_, a pear (whence also Fr. _poire_).]
PEAR, p[=e]'ar, _n._ (_Spens._). Same as PEER.
PEARL, p[.e]rl, _n._ a well-known shining gem, found in several kinds of shellfish, but most esp. in the mother-of-pearl oyster: anything round and clear: anything very precious: a jewel: a while speck or film on the eye: (_print._) a size of type immediately above diamond, equal to 5 points (about 15 lines to the inch).--_adj._ made of, or belonging to, pearls.--_v.t._ to set or adorn with pearls: to make into small round grains.--_v.i._ to take a rounded form: to become like pearls.--_adj._ PEARL[=A]'CEOUS, resembling pearls or mother-of-pearl: spotted with white.--_ns._ PEARL'-ASH, a purer carbonate of potash, obtained by calcining potashes, so called from its pearly-white colour; PEARL'-BAR'LEY, barley after the skin has been ground off (prob. for 'pilled barley,' Fr.
_orge perle_); PEARL'-BUTT'ON, a button made of mother-of-pearl; PEARL'-DIV'ER, one who dives for pearls.--_adj._ PEARLED, set with pearls: like pearls: having a border trimmed with narrow lace.--_ns._ PEARL'-EDGE, a thread edging, a border on some ribbons formed by projecting loops of the threads; PEARL'-EYE, cataract.--_adj._ PEARL'-EYED, having a white speck on the eye.--_ns._ PEARL'-FISH'ER, one who fishes for pearls; PEARL'-FISH'ERY, the occupation of fishing for pearls, or the place where it is carried on; PEARL'-FISH'ING; PEARL'-GRAY, a pale gray colour.--_adj._ of a pale gray colour, like the pearl.--_ns._ PEARL'INESS, state of being pearly; PEARL'-NAU'TILUS, the pearly nautilus; PEARL'-OYS'TER, the oyster which produces pearls; PEARL'-POW'DER, a cosmetic for improving the appearance of the skin; PEARL'-WHITE, a material made from fish-scales, used in making artificial pearls: a kind of cosmetic.--_adj._ PEARL'Y, like a pearl, nacreous: yielding pearls: dotted with pearls: clear, transparent: having a pure sweet tone. [Fr. _perle_, acc. to Diez, prob. either a corr. of L.
_pirula_, a dim. of _pirum_, a pear, or of L. _pilula_, dim. of _pila_, a ball.]
PEARLING, p[.e]rl'ing, _n._ lace made of silk or other kind of thread.--Also PEARL'IN. [Ir. _peirlin_, fine linen.]
PEARLING, p[.e]rl'ing, _n._ the process of removing the outer coat of grain.
PEARMAIN, p[=a]r'm[=a]n, _n._ a name of several varieties of apple.
PEART, p[=e]rt, _adj._ lively: saucy: in good health and spirits.--_adv._ PEART'LY. [_Pert._]
PEASANT, pez'ant, _n._ a countryman: a rustic: one whose occupation is rural labour.--_adj._ of or relating to peasants, rustic, rural: rude.--_n._ PEAS'ANTRY, the body of peasants or tillers of the soil: rustics: labourers.--PEASANT PROPRIETOR, a peasant who owns and works his own farm; PEASANTS' WAR, a popular insurrection in Germany, in 1525, stamped out with horrible cruelty. [O. Fr. _paisant_ (Fr.
_paysan_)--_pays_--L. _pagus_, a district.]
PEASE, p[=e]z, _n._ (_Spens._) a blow.
PEASE, p[=e]z, _indef. pl._ of PEA.--_ns._ PEASE'COD, PEAS'COD, the pericarp of the pea: a peacod; PEASE'-MEAL, PEASE'-PORR'IDGE, PEASE'-SOUP or PEA'-SOUP, meal, porridge, soup, made from pease.
PEASEWEEP, p[=e]z'w[=e]p, _n._ (_prov._) the pewit. [Imit.]
PEAT, p[=e]t, _n._ decayed vegetable matter like turf, cut out of boggy places, and when dried used for fuel.--_ns._ PEAT'-BOG, a district covered with peat: a place from which peat is dug--also PEAT'-BED, PEAT'-MOOR, PEAT'-MOSS; PEAT'-HAG, a ditch whence peat has been dug; PEAT'-REEK, the smoke of peat, supposed to add a delicate flavour to whisky; PEAT'-SPADE, a spade having a side wing at right angles for cutting peat in rectangular blocks.--_adj._ PEAT'Y, like peat: abounding in, or composed of, peat.
[True form _beat_--M. E. _beten_, to mend a fire--A.S. _betan_, to make better--_bot_, advantage.]
PEBA, p[=e]'ba, _n._ a South American armadillo.