PAROCHIAL, par-[=o]'ki-al, _adj._ of or relating to a parish: restricted or confined within narrow limits--of sentiments, tastes, &c.--_v.t._ PAR[=O]'CHIALISE, to form into parishes.--_n._ PAR[=O]'CHIALISM, a system of local government which makes the parish the unit--hence provincialism, narrowness of view.--_adv._ PAR[=O]'CHIALLY.--PAROCHIAL BOARD (in Scotland), the board in each parish which relieves the poor. [L.
_parochialis_--_parochia_, a variant of _paroecia_.]
PARODY, par'o-di, _n._ an imitation of a poem in which its words and ideas are so far changed as to produce a ridiculous effect.--_v.t._ to turn into parody, to make a parody of:--_pa.p._ par'odied.--_adjs._ PAROD'IC, -AL.--_n._ PAR'ODIST, one who writes a parody. [L.,--Gr.
_par[=o]dia_--_para_, beside, _[=o]d[=e]_, an ode.]
PAROLE, par-[=o]l', _n._ word of mouth: (_mil._) word of honour (esp. by a prisoner of war, to fulfil certain conditions): the daily password in a camp or garrison.--_adj._ given by word of mouth: oral--opp. to _Documentary_, as _parole_ evidence. [Fr.,--L. _parabola_, a parable, saying.]
PARONOMASIA, par-[=o]-n[=o]-m[=a]'zhi-a, _n._ a rhetorical figure in which words similar in sound but different in meaning are set in opposition to each other: a play upon words--also PARONOM'ASY.--_adjs._ PARONOMAS'TIC, -AL.--_ns._ PAR'ONYME, PAR'ONYM, a paronymous word--opp. to _Homonym_.--_adj._ PARON'YMOUS, formed by a slight change of word or name: derived from the same root: having the same sound, but different in spelling and meaning.--_n._ PARON'YMY, quality of being paronymous. [Gr.
_para_, beside, _onoma_, name.]
PAROQUET, PARROQUET, par'o-ket, _n._ a small long-tailed tropical and subtropical parrot.--Also PARR'AKEET. [Fr. _perroquet_--_Pierrot_, dim. of _Pierre_, Peter.]
PAROSMIA, pa-ros'mi-a, _n._ a perversion of the sense of smell. [Gr.
_para_, beside, _osm[=e]_, smell.]
PAROTID, par-ot'id, _n._ the largest of the three pairs of salivary glands, situated immediately in front of the ear--also PAR[=O]'TIS.--_adj._ PAROT'IC, auricular, situated about the outer ear.--_ns._ PAROTID[=I]'TIS, PAROT[=I]'TIS, inflammation of the parotic gland. [L.,--Gr. _par[=o]tis_, _-idos_--_para_, beside, _ous_, _[=o]tos_, ear.]
PAROXYSM, par'oks-izm, _n._ a fit of acute pain occurring at intervals: a fit of passion: any sudden violent action.--_adjs._ PAROXYS'MAL, PAROXYS'MIC, pertaining to, or occurring in, paroxysms. [Fr.,--L.,--Gr.
_paroxysmos_--_para_, beyond, _oxys_, sharp.]
PAROXYTONE, par-ok'si-t[=o]n, _adj._ having the acute accent on the last syllable but one.--_n._ a word with an acute accent on the second last syllable.--_v.t._ to accent a word in this way.
[Illustration]
PARQUET, par-ket', _n._ the part of the floor of a theatre, &c., behind the musicians' seats, but not under the gallery: the pit or the whole of the floor of a theatre: parquetry.--_n._ PAR'QUETRY, woodwork inlaid with figures, for floors. [Fr. _parquet_, an inlaid floor, dim. of _parc_, an enclosure.]
PARR, par, _n._ a young salmon.
PARRAKEET, par'a-k[=e]t, _n._ Same as PAROQUET.
PARRHESIA, pa-r[=e]'si-a, _n._ boldness of speech. [Gr.]
PARRICIDE, par'ri-s[=i]d, _n._ the murder of one's own father or mother: the murder of a parent: the murder of any one to whom reverence is due.--_adj._ PARRICID'AL, pertaining to, or committing, parricide.
[Fr.,--L. _parricida_ (for _patri-cida_)--_pater_, _patris_, father, _caed[)e]re_, to slay.]
PARROT, par'rut, _n._ one of a family of tropical and subtropical birds, with brilliant plumage and a hooked bill, remarkable for their faculty of imitating the human voice: a repeater of the words of others.--_v.t._ and _v.i._ to repeat by rote.--_ns._ PAR'ROT-COAL, a kind of coal which crepitates in burning; PAR'ROTER; PAR'ROT-FISH, a name applied to various fishes, from their colours or the shape of their jaws; PAR'ROTRY, servile imitation. [Contr. of Fr. _perroquet_.]
PARRY, par'i, _v.t._ to ward or keep off: to turn aside: to avoid:--_pa.t._ and _pa.p._ parr'ied.--_n._ a turning aside of a blow or a thrust: a defensive movement of any kind. [Fr. _parer_--L. _par[=a]re_, to prepare, in Low L. to keep off.]
PARSE, pars, _v.t._ (_gram._) to tell the parts of speech of a sentence and the relations of the various words to each other.--_n._ PARS'ING. [L. _pars (orationis)_, a part of speech.]
PARSEE, PARSI, par's[=e], _n._ one of the surviving remnant of Zoroastrianism which took refuge in India in the 7th century: a fire-worshipper.--_n._ PAR'SEEISM. [Pers. _P[=a]rs[=i]_--_P[=a]rs_, Persia.]
PARSIMONY, par'si-mun-i, _n._ sparingness in the spending of money: frugality: niggardliness.--_adj._ PARSIM[=O]'NIOUS, sparing in the use of money: frugal to excess: niggardly: covetous.--_adv._ PARSIM[=O]'NIOUSLY.--_n._ PARSIM[=O]'NIOUSNESS. [Fr.,--L. _parsimonia_, _parcimonia_--_parc[)e]re_, to spare.]
PARSLEY, pars'li, _n._ a bright-green herb, with finely divided, strongly scented leaves, used in cookery. [Fr. _persil_--L. _petroselinum_--Gr.
_petroselinon_--_petros_, a rock, _selinon_, a kind of parsley.]
PARSNIP, PARSNEP, pars'nip, _n._ an edible plant with a carrot-like root.
[O. Fr. _pastenaque_--L. _pastinaca_--_pastinum_, a dibble.]
PARSON, par'sn, _n._ the priest or incumbent of a parish: a clergyman: one who is licensed to preach.--_n._ PAR'SONAGE, the residence of the minister of a parish: (_orig._) the house, lands, tithes, &c. set apart for the support of the minister of a parish.--_adjs._ PARSON'IC, PAR'SONISH, pertaining to or like a parson. [O. Fr. _persone_--L. _pers[=o]na_, a person.]
PART, part, _n._ something less than the whole: a portion: a quantity or number making up with others a larger quantity or number: a fraction: a member or essential part of a whole: a proportional quantity: one's share: interest: side or party: action: character taken by an actor in a play: (_math._) a quantity which taken a certain number of times will equal a larger quantity: an exact divisor: (_mus._) one of the melodies of a harmony: (_pl._) qualities: talents.--_v.t._ to divide: to make into parts: to put or keep asunder.--_v.i._ to be separated: to be torn asunder: to have a part or share.--_adj._ PART'ED (_Shak._), endowed with parts or abilities: (_bot._) deeply cleft, as a leaf.--_n._ PART'ER.--_adv._ PART'LY, in part: in some degree.--PART OF SPEECH (_gram._), one of the various classes of words.--FOR MY PART, as far as concerns me; FOR THE MOST PART, commonly; IN BAD, or ILL, PART, unfavourably; IN GOOD PART, favourably; TAKE PART IN, to share or to assist in; TAKE PART WITH, to take one's side. [Fr.,--L. _pars_, _partis_.]
PARTAKE, par-t[=a]k', _v.i._ to take or have a part, either absolutely, or with of or in before the thing shared, as food, &c.: to have something of the nature or properties, &c.: to be admitted: (_Shak._) to make common cause.--_v.t._ to have a part in: to share: (_Shak._) to communicate:--_pr.p._ part[=a]'king; _pa.t._ partook'; _pa.p._ part[=a]'ken.--_ns._ PART[=A]'KER, one who shares in along with others: a partner: an accomplice; PART[=A]'KING, a sharing: (_law_) a combination in an evil design. [_Part_ and _take_.]
PARTAN, par'tan, _n._ (_Scot._) a small edible sea-crab. [Gael.]
PARTERRE, par-ter', _n._ an arrangement of flower-plots with spaces of turf or gravel between for walks: the pit of a theatre, esp. beneath the galleries. [Fr.,--L. _per terram_, along the ground.]
PARTHENOGENESIS, par-the-n[=o]-jen'e-sis, _n._ reproduction without renewed impregnation by a male, as in aphids or plant-lice, &c.--also PARTHENOG'ENY.--_adjs._ PARTHENOGENET'IC, PARTHENOG'ENOUS. [Gr.
_parthenos_, a virgin, _genesis_, production.]
PARTHENON, par'the-non, _n._ the temple of Ath[=e]n[=e] _Parth[)e]nos_, on the Acropolis at Athens. [Gr. _Parthen[=o]n_--_parthenos_, a virgin.]
PARTHIAN, par'thi-an, _adj._ of or belonging to _Parthia_, in Persia.--A PARTHIAN SHOT, a shot or blow given while pretending to fly, a parting shot.
PARTIAL, par'shal, _adj._ relating to a part only: not total or entire: inclined to favour one person or party: having a preference: (_bot._) subordinate.--_v.t._ PAR'TIALISE (_Shak._), to render partial.--_ns._ PAR'TIALISM, the doctrine of the Partialists; PAR'TIALIST, one who holds that the atonement of Christ was made only for a part of mankind; PARTIAL'ITY, state or quality of being partial: liking for one thing more than for others.--_adv._ PAR'TIALLY.[Fr.,--Low L. _partialis_--L. _pars_, a part.]
PARTIBLE, par'ti-bl, _adj._ that may be parted: separable.--_n._ PARTIBIL'ITY.
PARTIBUS, par'ti-bus, _n._ in Scots law, a note on the margin of a summons, giving name and designation of the pursuer.--IN PARTIBUS INFIDELIUM, a phrase applying formerly to bishops who were merely titular, without regular jurisdiction, their function to assist some other bishop or to act as delegates of the Pope where no hierarchy had as yet been established.
PARTICIPATE, par-tis'i-p[=a]t, _v.i._ to partake: to have a share.--_v.t._ to receive a part or share of.--_n._ PaR'TICEPS CRIM'INIS, one who, although not present, helps in any way the commission of a crime, or who after the deed assists or hides the person who did it.--_adjs._ PARTIC'IPABLE, capable of being participated in or shared; PARTIC'IPANT, participating: sharing.--_n._ a partaker.--_adv._ PARTIC'IPANTLY.--_n._ PARTICIP[=A]'TION.--_adj._ PARTIC'IP[=A]TIVE, capable of participating.--_n._ PARTIC'IP[=A]TOR, one who partakes with another: a sharer. [L. _particip[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_--_pars_, part, _cap[)e]re_, to take.]
PARTICIPLE, par'ti-si-pl, _n._ a word having the value of an adjective but regularly formed from a verb.--_adj._ PARTICIP'IAL, having the nature of a participle: formed from a participle.--_adv._ PARTICIP'IALLY.[L.,--_participium_--_particeps_--_pars_, a part, _cap[)e]re_, to take.]
PARTICLE, par'ti-kl, _n._ a little part: a very small portion: (_physics_) the minutest part into which a body can be divided: an atom: (_gram._) an indeclinable word, as a preposition, a conjunction, an interjection: a word that can only be used in composition, as _wise_ in side_wise_: (_R.C.
Church_) a crumb of consecrated bread, also the 'smaller breads' used in the communion of the laity.--_adj._ PARTIC'ULAR, relating to a part of anything: pertaining to a single person or thing: individual: special: worthy of special attention: concerned with or marking things single or distinct: exact: nice in taste: precise.--_n._ a distinct or minute part: a single point: a single instance: (_pl._) details.--_n._ PARTICULARIS[=A]'TION.--_v.t._ PARTIC'ULARISE, to mention the particulars of: to enumerate in detail: to give a special description of.--_v.i._ to mention or attend to single things or minute details.--_ns._ PARTIC'ULARISM, attention to one's own interest or party: a particular or minute description: the doctrine that salvation is offered only to particular individuals, the elect, and not freely to the whole race on condition of faith; PARTIC'ULARIST, one who holds the doctrine of particularism.--_adj._ PARTICULARIST'IC.--_n._ PARTICULAR'ITY, quality of being particular: minuteness of detail: a single act or case: a single or a minute circumstance: something peculiar or singular.--_adv._ PARTIC'ULARLY, in an especial manner: in a high degree: (_B._) in detail.--_n._ PARTIC'ULARNESS.--_adj._ PARTIC'UL[=A]TE, having the form of a small particle.--IN PARTICULAR, specially, distinctly. [Fr.,--L. _particula_, dim. of _pars_, _partis_, a part.]
PARTIM, part'im, _adv._ in part. [L.]
PARTING, part'ing, _adj._ putting apart: separating: departing: given at parting.--_n._ the act of parting: a division: a point or a line of division: the division of the hair on the head in dressing it: (_geol._) a division of a mineral into layers: a snapping or breaking under a great strain, as of a cable.--_n._ PART'ING-CUP, a drinking-cup with two handles on opposite sides.
PARTISAN, par'ti-zan, _n._ an adherent of a party or a faction: one who is too strongly devoted to his own party or sect to be able to understand or to judge fairly of others.--_adj._ adhering to a party.--_n._ PAR'TISANSHIP. [Fr. (It. _partigiano_),--L. _part[=i]ri_.]
PARTISAN, par'ti-zan, _n._ a kind of halberd or long-handled weapon, common in the Middle Ages: a soldier armed with such a weapon. [O. Fr.
_pertuisane_, which is perh. from Old High Ger. _parta_ a battle-axe, seen in _halberd_.]
PARTITION, par-tish'un, _n._ act of parting or dividing: state of being divided: separate part: that which divides: a wall between apartments: the place where separation is made.--_v.t._ to divide into shares: to divide into parts by walls.--_adjs._ PAR'T[=I]TE, divided into parts: (_bot._) parted nearly to the base; PAR'TITIVE, parting: dividing: distributive.--_n._ (_gram._) a word denoting a part or partition.--_adv._ PAR'TITIVELY. [Fr.,--L. _partitio_--_part[=i]ri_, divide.]
PARTLET, part'let, _n._ a ruff or band worn round the neck or shoulders by women: a hen, from its habit of ruffling the feathers round its neck.
[Prob. O. Fr. _Pertelote_, a woman's name.]
PARTNER, part'n[.e]r, _n._ a sharer: an associate: one engaged with another in business: one who plays on the same side in a game: one who dances with another: a husband or wife.--_v.t._ (_Shak._) to join as a partner.--_ns._ PART'NERSHIP, state of being a partner: a contract between persons engaged in any business; SLEEP'ING-PART'NER, one who has money invested in a business, but takes no part in its management.
PARTRIDGE, par'trij, _n._ a genus of gallinaceous birds preserved for game.--_n._ PAR'TRIDGE-WOOD, a hard variegated wood, from Brazil and the West Indies, used in cabinet-work. [Fr. _perdrix_--L. _perdix_, _perdicis_--Gr. _perdix_.]