RUMOUR, r[=oo]'mur, _n._ flying report; a current story.--_v.t._ to report: to circulate by report.--_adj._ RU'MOROUS, vaguely heard.--_n._ RU'MOURER (_Shak._), a reporter, a spreader of news. [Fr.,--L. _rumor_, a noise.]
RUMP, rump, _n._ the end of the backbone of an animal with the parts adjacent.--_n._ RUM'PER.--_adj._ RUMP'-FED (_Shak._), fattened in the rump, fat-bottomed.--_adj._ RUMP'LESS, having no tail.--_ns._ RUMP'-POST, the share bone or pygostyle of a bird; RUMP'-STEAK, steak cut from the thigh near the rump.--THE RUMP, the remnant of the Long Parliament, after Col.
Pryde's expulsion of about a hundred Presbyterian royalist members. [Ice.
_rumpr_, Ger. _rumpf_, Dut. _rumpe_.]
RUMPLE, rum'pl, _v.t._ to crush out of shape: to make uneven.--_n._ a fold or wrinkle. [A variant of _rimple_. A.S. _hrimpan_, to wrinkle; Dut.
_rompelen_.]
RUMPUS, rum'pus, _n._ an uproar: a disturbance.
RUMSWIZZLE, rum'swiz'l, _n._ a cloth made in Ireland from pure wool undyed.
RUN, run, _v.i._ to move swiftly on the legs, to hasten, rush on: to move, travel, ply regularly to: to pass by: to have a certain form: (_law_) to have legal authority: to be current, as money: to average: to reach, have course in any direction: to make a fault, to slip, as thread in knitting: to stand as a candidate: to pass from one state to another: to pass quickly in thought, to dwell repeatedly upon in thought: to continue in operation, be in constant motion, to be carried, to extend: to move swiftly: to pass quickly on the ground: to flee: to go, as ships, &c.: to have course in any direction, to extend, spread: to flow: to dart: to turn: to extend through a period: to pierce: to fuse or melt: to turn or rotate: to be busied: to become: to be in force: to discharge matter, as a sore: to have a general tendency: to pass, fall: to creep: to press with immediate demands for payment, as a bank.--_v.t._ to cause to move swiftly, to keep running: to force forward: to push: to cause to pass: to fuse: to discharge, as a sore: to pursue in thought: to incur: to pour forth: to execute: to chase: to break through, as to run the blockade: to pierce: to sew: to fish in: to evade: to manage: to tease:--_pr.p._ run'ning; _pa.t._ ran; _pa.p._ run, as '_run_ brandy,' that which has been smuggled in.--_n._ act of running: course: flow: discharge from a sore: distance sailed: voyage: continued series: general reception: prevalence: popular clamour: an unusual pressure, as on a bank, for payment: a trip: the run of events: a small stream: the quantity run: the act of migrating: in base-ball, the complete circuit made by the player which enables him to score one: in cricket, a passing from one wicket to another, by which one point is scored: a range of pasturage: a pair of millstones: the aftermost part of a ship's bottom: (_mus._) a succession of consecutive notes: a roulade.--_ns._ RUN'ABOUT, a gadabout: a vagabond: an open wagon; RUN'AWAY, one who runs away from danger or restraint: a fugitive.--_adj._ fleeing from danger or restraint: done by or in flight.--_ns._ RUN'LET, RUN'NEL, a little run or stream: a brook; RUN'MAN, a deserter from a ship-of-war; RUN'NER, one who, or that which, runs: a racer: a messenger, agent, one employed to solicit patronage: a rooting stem that runs along the ground: a rope to increase the power of a tackle: a deserter: a smuggler: a manager of an engine: a Bow Street officer: in saddlery, a loop of metal through which a rein is passed: that on which anything slides: in moulding, a channel cut in a mould: the rotating-stone of a grinding-mill: the movable piece to which the ribs of an umbrella are attached: a tool in which lenses are fastened for polishing: a vessel for conveying fish, oysters, &c.--_adj._ RUN'NING, kept for the race: successive: continuous: flowing: easy: cursive: discharging matter.--_prep._ (_coll._) approaching or about.--_n._ act of moving swiftly: that which runs or flows, the quantity run: a discharge from a wound: the act of one who risks dangers, as in running a blockade: strength to run: the ranging of any animal.--_n._ RUN'NING-BLOCK, a block in an arrangement of pulleys.--_n.pl._ RUN'NING-DAYS, the days occupied on a voyage, &c., under a charter, including Sundays.--_ns._ RUN'NING-FIGHT, a fight kept up between one party that flees and another that pursues; RUN'NING-FIRE (_mil._), a rapid succession of firing; RUN'NING-GEAR, the wheels and axles of a vehicle; RUN'NING-HAND, a style of rapid writing without lifting the pen; RUN'NING-KNOT, a knot made so as to form a noose when the rope is pulled.--_n.pl._ RUN'NING-LIGHTS, the lights shown by vessels between sunset and sunrise.--_adv._ RUN'NINGLY.--_ns._ RUN'NING-OR'NAMENT, an ornament in which the design is continuous; RUN'NING-REIN, a form of driving-rein; RUN'NING-RIG'GING, all the rigging except the shrouds, stays, and lower mast-head pendants; RUN'NING-THRUSH, a disease in the feet of horses; RUN'NING-T[=I]'TLE, the title of a book, &c., continued from page to page on the upper margin; RUN'NING-TRAP, a pipe so formed as to be a seal against the passage of gases; RUN'WAY, a trail, track, or passage-way.--RUN ACROSS, to come upon by accident; RUN AWAY WITH, to carry away in uncontrollable fright: to carry off in fleeing; RUN DOWN, to chase to exhaustion: to run against and sink, as a ship: to overbear, to crush; RUN DOWN A COAST, to sail along it; RUN HARD, to press hard behind in a race or other competition; RUN IN, to go in: to arrest and take to a lock-up: (_print._) to insert a word, &c., without making a break or new paragraph: to alter the position of matter to fill vacant space; RUN INTO DEBT, to get into debt; RUN IN THE BLOOD, family, to belong to one by natural descent; RUN OFF, to cause to flow out: to take impressions of, to print: to repeat, recount; RUN ON (_print._), to continue in the same line, and not a new paragraph; RUN OUT, to come to an end; RUN OVER, to overflow: to go over cursorily; RUN RIOT (see RIOT); RUN THE CHANCE, to encounter all risks; RUN THROUGH, to expend, to waste, to pierce through and through; RUN TOGETHER, to mingle or blend; RUN TO SEED, to shoot up too rapidly, to become exhausted, to go to waste; RUN UP, to make or mend hastily: to build hurriedly: to string up, hang.--IN THE LONG-RUN, in the end or final result; IN THE RUNNING, or OUT OF THE RUNNING, competing, or not competing, in a contest, with good hopes of success in a candidature, &c., or the opposite; MAKE GOOD ONE'S RUNNING, to keep abreast with others; TAKE UP THE RUNNING, to go off at full speed; THE COMMON RUN, THE RUN, or THE RUN OF MANKIND, ordinary people. [A.S. _rinnan_; Ger. _rennen_, Ice. _renna_, to run.]
RUNAGATE, run'a-g[=a]t, _n._ a vagabond: renegade: an apostate: a fugitive.
[A corr. of _renegade_, but modified both in form and meaning by _run_.]
RUNCH, runch, _n._ the charlock: the wild radish.--_n.pl._ RUNCH'-BALLS, dried charlock.
RUNCH, runch, _v.t._ (_Scot._) to grind, as with the teeth.
RUNCINATE, runs'in-[=a]t, _adj._ (_bot._) having the lobes convex before and straight behind, or pointing backward as in the dandelion. [L.
_runcinatus_, pa.p. of _runcin[=a]re_, to plane off--_runcina_, a plane.]
RUNDALE, run'd[=a]l, _n._ a system of holding land in single holdings made up of detached pieces.
RUNDLE, run'dl, _n._ a round, a rung or step of a ladder: a ring, an orbit: a ball.--_adj._ RUN'DLED. [_Roundel._]
RUNDLET, rund'let, _n._ a small barrel.--Also RUN'LET.
RUNE, r[=oo]n, _n._ one of the characters or letters used by the peoples of northern Europe down to the 16th century: (_pl._) the ancient Scandinavian alphabet or _futhorc_--from its first six letters _f_, _u_, _th_, _o_, _r_, _c_ (the writing is called _Runic_, the individual letters _Rune-staves_, or less correctly _Runes_): a secret, a mystic sentence: any song mystically expressed.--_n._ RUNE'CRAFT.--_adj._ RUNED.--_n._ RU'NER.--_adj._ RU'NIC, relating to runes, to the ancient Teutonic nations, or to their characters.--_ns._ RUNOL'OGIST, one versed in Runic remains; RUNOL'OGY.--RUNIC KNOTS, a form of interlaced ornament. [A.S. _run_, a secret. The word is found in M. E. _rounen_, to whisper, and is cog. with Old High Ger. _runa_, a secret, Goth. _runa_, secret.]
RUNG, rung, _n._ one of the floor-timbers of a ship: one of the rounds of a ladder: a bar: a heavy staff: a cudgel: one of the radial handles of a steering-wheel. [A.S. _hrung_, a beam; Ger. _runge_.]
RUNG, rung, _pa.t._ and _pa.p._ of ring.--_adj._ having a ring through the nose, as a hog.
RUNKLE, runk'l, _v.i._ to wrinkle: to crease.
RUNN, run, _n._ in India, a tract of sandy or boggy land--often overflowed by the tide. [Hind. _r[=a]n_.]
RUNNEL, run'el, _n._ a little brook. [A.S. _rynel_, dim. of _ryne_, a stream--_rinnan_, to run.]
RUNRIG, run'rig, _n._ a species of ownership under which the alternate ridges of a field belong to different owners--also RUN'RIDGE, RUN'DALE, a survival of the simple form of open-field husbandry, under the tribal system once universally prevalent in the western districts of Britain.
RUNT, runt, _n._ a young ox or cow: an undersized animal: a dwarf: a bow: a breed of domestic pigeons: the dead stump of a tree: the stem of a cabbage.--_adj._ RUNT'Y.
RUPEE, r[=oo]-p[=e]', _n._ an East Indian silver coin, nominally worth about 2s.--at present about 1s. 4d. [Hind. _r[=u]p[=i]yah_--Sans.
_r[=u]pya_, silver.]
RUPERT'S-DROP, r[=oo]'perts-drop, _n._ a detonating bulb, or glass bubble--probably discovered by Prince _Rupert_ (1619-82).
RUPESTRINE, r[=oo]-pes'trin, _adj._ rock-inhabiting. [L. _rupes_, a rock.]
RUPIA, r[=oo]'pi-a, _n._ a severe form of skin disease, with flattish distinct _bullae_ or blebs, containing a serous, purulent, or sanious fluid, becoming thick scabs. [Gr. _hrypos_, filth.]
RUPICAPRA, r[=oo]-pi-kap'ra, _n._ a genus of antelopes--the chamois.
RUPICOLA, r[=oo]-pik'[=o]-la, _n._ a genus of rock-manikins or cocks of the rock.--_adjs._ RUPIC'OLINE, RUPIC'OLOUS, growing or living among rocks. [L.
_rupes_, a rock, _col[)e]re_, to inhabit.]
RUPPIA, rup'i-a, _n._ a genus of monocotyledonous plants of the order _Naiadaceae_--to which _Ditch_ or _Tassel grass_ belongs. [From the 18th-cent. German botanist H. B. _Ruppius_.]
RUPTURE, rup't[=u]r, _n._ the act of breaking or bursting: the state of being broken: a breach of the peace: hernia (q.v.), esp. abdominal.--_v.t._ to break or burst: to part by violence.--_v.i._ to suffer a breach: (_bot._) to dehisce irregularly.--_adj._ RUP'TILE (_bot._), dehiscent by an irregular splitting of the walls.--_n._ RUP'TION, a breach.--_adj._ RUP'TIVE.--_n._ RUP'T[=U]ARY, a member of the plebeian class. [Fr.,--Low L.
_ruptura_--L. _rump[)e]re_, _ruptum_, to break.]
RURAL, r[=oo]'ral, _adj._ of or belonging to the country: suiting the country: rustic: pertaining to agriculture.--_n._ (_obs._) a countryman.--_ns._ RU'RAL-DEAN, an ecclesiastic under the bishop and archdeacon, with the peculiar care of the clergy of a district; RU'RAL-DEAN'ERY.--_v.t._ RU'RALISE, to render rural.--_v.i._ to become rural: to rusticate.--_ns._ RU'RALISM; RU'RALIST; RURAL'ITY.--_adv._ RU'RALLY.--_n._ RU'RALNESS.--_adj._ RURIDEC'ANAL, pertaining to a rural dean or deanery. [Fr.,--L. _ruralis_--_rus_, _ruris_, the country.]
RUSA, r[=oo]'za, _n._ a genus of East Indian stags. [Malay.]
RUSALKA, r[=oo]-sal'ka, _n._ a Russian water-nymph.
RUSCUS, rus'kus, _n._ a genus of monocotyledonous plants of the order _Liliaceae_--containing _Butcher's broom_, _Shepherd's myrtle_, &c. [L.
_ruscum_.]
RUSE, r[=oo]z, _n._ a turning or doubling, as of animals to get out of the way of dogs: a trick, fraud, or the use of such.--_n._ RUSE-DE-GUERRE, a stratagem of war. [O. Fr. _ruse_--_ruser_, _re[=u]ser_, to get out of the way--L. _recus[=a]re_, to decline.]
RUSH, rush, _v.i._ to move with a shaking, rustling noise, as the wind: to move forward violently: to enter rashly and hastily.--_v.t._ to drive: to push, to secure by rushing.--_n._ a rushing or driving forward: an eager demand: urgent pressure, as of business: a stampede of cattle: in football, when a player forces his way by main strength.--_n._ RUSH'ER, in football, a player whose special duty it is to force the ball toward his opponents'
goal: a go-ahead person. [Skeat explains M. E. _ruschen_ as from Sw.
_ruska_, to rush, to shake, an extension of Old Sw. _rusa_, to rush. Cf.
_Rouse_.]
RUSH, rush, _n._ a genus (_Juncus_) of marshy plants, some absolutely destitute of leaves, but with barren scapes resembling leaves: the name esp. of those species with no proper leaves, the round stems known as rushes: a wick: the merest trifle.--_n._ RUSH'-BEAR'ING, a country feast, when the parish church was strewn with rushes, between haymaking and harvest: the day of the festival.--_adj._ RUSH'-BOTT'OMED, having a seat or bottom made with rushes.--_ns._ RUSH'-BUCK'LER (_obs._), a swash-buckler; RUSH'-CAN'DLE, -LIGHT, a candle or night-light having a wick of rush-pith: a small, feeble light.--_adj._ RUSH'EN, made of rushes.--_ns._ RUSH'-HOLD'ER, a clip-candlestick used for rush-lights; RUSH'INESS.--_adj._ RUSH'-LIKE, resembling a rush: weak.--_ns._ RUSH'-LIL'Y, a plant of the species of blue-eyed grass; RUSH'-NUT, the _Cyperus esculentus_, whose tubers are eaten in southern Europe; RUSH'-TOAD, the natterjack.--_adjs._ RUSH'Y, full of, or made of, rushes; RUSH'Y-FRINGED.--_n._ RUSK'IE, any utensil made of straw, &c., as a basket, &c.--FLOWERING RUSH, an aquatic plant; MARRY WITH A RUSH, to wed in jest. [A.S. _risce_, like Ger. _risch_, from L. _ruscum_, _rustum_.]
RUSK, rusk, _n._ a kind of light hard cake: a kind of light soft cake or sweetened biscuit. [Sp. _rosca_, a roll; cf. _Rosca de mar_, a sea-rusk; origin unknown.]
RUSMA. See RHUSMA.
RUSSEL, rus'el, _n._ (_obs._) a fox: a twilled woollen material.--_n._ RUSS'EL-CORD, a kind of rep made of cotton and wool. [O. Fr. _roussel_--L.
_russus_, red.]
RUSSET, rus'et, _adj._ rusty or reddish-brown: coarse: rustic: of russet-leather.--_n._ a coarse homespun dress.--_ns._ RUSS'ETING, an apple of a russet colour and rough skin; RUSS'ET-LEATH'ER.--_adj._ RUSS'ETY. [O.
Fr. _rousset_--L. _russus_, red.]
RUSSIAN, rush'yan, _adj._ relating to _Russia_, a country of Europe, or to its people.--_n._ a native of Russia: the Russian language.--_adj._ RUSS, belonging to the Russians.--_n._ a Russian: the Russian language.--_v.t._ RUSS'IANISE, to give Russian characteristics to.--_n._ RUSSIFIC[=A]'TION.--_v.t._ RUS'SIFY, to Russianise.--_ns._ RUS'SO-BYZAN'TINE, the national art of Russian architecture; RUS'SOPHILE, one who favours Russian policy (also _adj._); RUS'SOPHILISM; RUS'SOPHILIST; RUS'SOPHOBE, one who dreads or hates the Russians--also RUS'SOPHOBIST; RUSSOPH[=O]'BIA, the dread of Russian policy.--RUSSIA LEATHER (see LEATHER).
RUSSULA, rus'[=u]-la, _n._ a genus of hymenomycetous fungi--so called from the colour of the pileus in some. [Low L. _russulus_, reddish--L. _russus_, red.]
RUST, rust, _n._ the reddish-brown coating on iron exposed to moisture: anything resembling rust: a disease of cereals and grasses, with brown spots on the leaves, caused by fungi: a corrosive: an injurious habit: any foul matter.--_v.i._ to become rusty: to become dull by inaction.--_v.t._ to make rusty: to impair by time and inactivity.--_adjs._ RUST'-COL'OURED; RUST'FUL.--_adv._ RUST'ILY.--_ns._ RUST'INESS; RUST'-MITE, certain mites of the family of gall-mites.--_adjs._ RUST'-PROOF, not liable to rust; RUST'Y, covered with rust: impaired by inactivity, out of practice: dull: affected with rust-disease: time-worn: of a rusty black: rough: obstinate: discoloured.--_ns._ RUST'Y-BACK, a fern; RUST'Y-BLACK'BIRD, the grackle; BLACK'-RUST, a fungus with dark-coloured spores.--RIDE, or TURN, RUSTY, to become obstinate or stubborn in opposition. [A.S. _rust_; Ger. _rost_.]