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RANGIFER, ran'ji-fer, _n._ a genus of _Cervidae_, to which the reindeer belongs.--_adjs._ RAN'GERINE, RANGIF'ERINE. [O. Fr. _rangier_, a reindeer, most prob. the Ice. _hreinn_, reindeer, L. _fera_, a wild beast.]

RANI, RANEE, ran'[=e], _n._ the wife of a rajah. [Hind. _r[=a]n[=i]_--Sans.

_r[=a]jni_, queen, fem. of _r[=a]jan_.]

RANIDae, ran'i-d[=e], _n.pl._ the largest family of batrachians, including about 250 species, of several genera.--_adjs._ RAN'IFORM, frog-like; R[=A]'NINE, pertaining to frogs; R[=A]NIV'OROUS, frog-eating. [L. _rana_, a frog.]

RANK, rangk, _n._ a row or line, esp. of soldiers standing side by side: class or order: grade or degree: station: high social position or standing.--_v.t._ to place in a line: to range in a particular class: to place methodically: to take rank over.--_v.i._ to be placed in a rank or class: to have a certain degree of distinction: to be admitted as a claim against the property of a bankrupt.--_n._ RANK'ER, one who arranges or disposes in ranks: an officer who has risen from the ranks.--RANK AND FILE, the whole body of common soldiers.--TAKE RANK OF, to have the right to take a higher place than; TAKE RANK WITH, to take the same rank as; THE RANKS, the order of common soldiers. [O. Fr. _renc_ (Fr. _rang_)--Old High Ger.

_hring_ or _hrinc_, Eng. _ring_.]

RANK, rangk, _adj._ growing high and luxuriantly: coarse from excessive growth: raised to a high degree: excessive: very fertile: strong-scented: strong-tasted: rancid: utter, as rank nonsense: coarse: indecent: (_Shak._) ruttish: (_slang_) eager: (_law_) excessive: (_mech._) cutting deeply.--_adv._ (_Spens._) rankly, fiercely.--_v.i._ RANK'LE, to be inflamed: to fester: to be a source of disquietude or excitement: to rage.--_v.t._ to irritate.--_adv._ RANK'LY, offensively: to an inordinate degree.--_n._ RANK'NESS, exuberant growth: (_Shak._) insolence.--_adjs._ RANK'-R[=I]'DING, hard-riding; RANK'-SCENT'ED (_Shak._), strong-scented: rancid. [A.S. _ranc_, fruitful, rank; Ice. _rakkr_, bold, Dan. _rank_, lank, slender.]

RANSACK, ran'sak, _v.t._ to search thoroughly: to plunder: to pillage.--_n._ eager search.--_n._ RAN'SACKER. [Scand. _rannsaka_--_rann_, a house, _sak_ (_saekja_), Eng. _seek_.]

RANSOM, ran'sum, _n._ price paid for redemption from captivity or punishment: release from captivity: atonement: expiation.--_v.t._ to redeem from captivity, punishment, or ownership: (_Shak._) to set free for a price: (_Shak._) to expiate.--_adj._ RAN'SOMABLE.--_n._ RAN'SOMER.--_adj._ RAN'SOMLESS, without ransom: incapable of being ransomed. [Fr. _rancon_--L.

_redemptio_; cf. _Redemption_.]

RANT, rant, _v.i._ to use extravagant language: to be noisy in words: to be noisily merry.--_n._ empty declamation: bombast: (_Scot._) a frolic.--_ns._ RANT'ER, a noisy talker: a jovial fellow: a boisterous preacher: a byname for the Primitive Methodists: a nickname applied to the members of a sect of the Commonwealth time; RANT'ERISM.--_adv._ RANT'INGLY, boisterously.--_adj._ RANT'IPOLE, wild.--_n._ a reckless fellow. [Old Dut.

_ranten_, to rave; Low Ger. _randen_, Ger. _ranzen_.]

RANTLE-TREE, ran'tl-tr[=e], _n._ (_Scot._) a beam built into the gable of a cottage.

RANULA, ran'[=u]-la, _n._ a tumour on the tongue of cattle.--_adj._ RAN'[=U]LAR. [L.]

RANUNCULUS, r[=a]-nung'k[=u]-lus, _n._ a genus of plants, including the crowfoot, buttercup, &c.:--_pl._ R[=A]NUN'CUL[=I], R[=A]NUN'CULUSES.--_adj._ R[=A]NUNCUL[=A]'CEOUS, pertaining to, or resembling, plants of the order of which the ranunculus is the typical genus. [L., a dim. of _rana_, a frog.]

RANZ-DES-VACHES, rong'-d[=a]-vash', _n._ a melody of the Swiss, played on the alpenhorn. [Swiss Fr., either 'the lowing of the cows' or 'the line of cows.' _Vaches_, pl. of _vache_--L. _vacca_, a cow; _ranz_, either Swiss dial. _ranz_ (cf. Ger. _ranzen_), or for _rangs_, pl. of rang, a line.]

RAP, rap, _n._ a sharp blow: a knock, or a sound made by knocking: a counterfeit coin current in Ireland for a halfpenny in the time of George I.--hence, 'Not worth a rap.'--_v.t._ and _v.i._ to strike with a quick blow: to knock: to utter sharply, as to rap out a lie: to swear falsely:--_pr.p._ rap'ping; _pa.t._ and _pa.p._ rapped.--_n._ RAP'PER, one who raps: a door-knocker. [Scand., as Dan. _rap_; imit.]

RAP, rap, _v.t._ to seize and carry off: to transport out of one's self: to affect with rapture:--_pr.p._ rap'ping; _pa.p._ rapped or rapt. [Scand., as Ice. _hrapa_, to rush headlong, cog. with Ger. _raffen_, to snatch.]

RAPACIOUS, ra-p[=a]'shus, _adj._ seizing by violence: given to plunder: ravenous: greedy of gain.--_n._ RAP[=A]'CES, the beasts and birds of prey.--_adv._ RAP[=A]'CIOUSLY.--_ns._ RAP[=A]'CIOUSNESS, RAPAC'ITY, the quality of being rapacious: ravenousness: extortion. [L. _rapax_, _rapacis_--_rap[)e]re_, _raptum_, to seize and carry off.]

RAPE, r[=a]p, _n._ the act of seizing and carrying away by force: carnal knowledge of a woman without her consent.--_adj._ RAPE'FUL, given to violence or lust. [M. E. _rapen_, to haste, a variant of _rappen_, to seize, confused with L. _rap[)e]re_, to snatch.]

RAPE, r[=a]p, _n._ a division of the county of Sussex, greater than the hundred. [Ice. _hreppr_, district.]

RAPE, r[=a]p, _n._ a plant nearly allied to the turnip, cultivated for its herbage and oil-producing seeds: cole-seed.--_ns._ RAPE'-CAKE, cake made of the refuse, after the oil has been expressed from the rape-seed; RAPE'-OIL, oil obtained from rape-seed; RAPE'-SEED, the seed of the rape, cole-seed.

[Through Fr. from L. _rapa_, _rapum_, a turnip; cog. with Gr. _rhapys_.]

RAPE, r[=a]p, _n._ the stalk and skin of grapes.

RAP-FULL, rap'-fool, _adj._ full of wind--of sails when close-hauled.--_n._ a sail full of wind.

RAPHAELESQUE, raf-[=a]-el-esk', _adj._ in the manner of the great Italian painter _Raphael_, Raffaello Sanzio da Urbino (1483-1520).--_ns._ RAPH'[=A]ELISM, the principles of art of Raphael; RAPH'[=A]ELITE, one who follows the principles of Raphael; RAPH'[=A]ELITISM.

RAPHANIA, raf-[=a]'ni-a, _n._ ergotism, a disease occurring in two forms, a spasmodic and a gangrenous, due to the use of rye, wheat, rice, &c., in which a poisonous fungus has developed.--_n._ RAPH'ANUS, a genus of _Cruciferae_, the radish family.

RAPHE, r[=a]'f[=e], _n._ (_anat._) a seam-like union of two lateral halves, either a median septum of connective tissue or a longitudinal ridge: the fibro-vascular cord joining the hilum of an anatropous or amphitropous ovule or seed with the chalaza: a line or rib connecting the nodules on a diatom-valve. [Gr. _rhaph[=e]_, a seam.]

RAPHIA, r[=a]'fi-a, _n._ a genus of handsome pinnately-leaved palms.

[Malagasy.]

RAPHIDES, raf'i-d[=e]z, _n.pl._ crystals found in the interior of the cells of plants:--_sing._ R[=A]'PHIS.--_adjs._ R[=A]PHID'IAN, RAPHIDIF'EROUS.

[Gr. _rhaphis_, _rhaphidos_, a needle--_rhaptein_, to sew.]

RAPHIGRAPH, raf'i-graf, _n._ a kind of typewriter for the blind, pricking characters in paper by needle-points. [Gr. _rhaphis_, a needle, _graphein_, to write.]

RAPID, rap'id, _adj._ hurrying along: very swift: speedy.--_n._ that part of a river where the current is most rapid (gen. in _pl._).--_n._ RAPID'ITY, quickness of motion or utterance: swiftness: velocity.--_adv._ RAP'IDLY.--_n._ RAP'IDNESS. [Fr. _rapide_--L. _rapidus_--_rap[)e]re_, to seize.]

RAPIDAMENTE, ra-p[=e]-da-men'te, _adv._ (_mus._) rapidly.--_adv._ RAP'IDO, with rapidity. [It.]

RAPIER, r[=a]'pi-[.e]r, _n._ a light, highly tempered, edgeless, thrusting weapon, finely pointed, and about 3 feet in length, long the favourite weapon in duelling.--_n._ R[=A]'PIER-FISH, a swordfish. [Fr. _rapiere_, prob. from Sp. _raspadera_--_raspar_, _rapar_, to rasp.]

RAPINE, rap'in, _n._ act of seizing and carrying away forcibly: plunder: violence. [Fr.,--L. _rapina_--_rap[)e]re_, to seize.]

RAPING, r[=a]'ping, _adj._ (_her._) tearing its prey: (_obs._) transporting, ravishing.

RAPLOCH, rap'loh, _n._ and _adj._ (_Scot._) homespun.

RAPPAREE, rap-ar-[=e]', _n._ a wild Irish plunderer: a vagabond. [Ir.

_rapaire_, a robber.]

RAPPEE, ra-p[=e]', _n._ a coarse, strong-flavoured snuff. [Fr. _rape_, rasped, grated--_raper_, to rasp.]

RAPPEL, ra-pel', _n._ the beat of the drum to call soldiers to arms. [Fr.]

RAPPER, rap'[.e]r, _n._ one who raps, esp. a spiritualistic medium: a swinging knocker for making signals at the mouth of a shaft: a loud oath or bold lie.--_adj._ RAP'PING (_prov._), remarkably large.

RAPPORT, ra-p[=o]r', _n._ accord, as in the French phrase, 'en rapport,' in harmony. [Fr.]

RAPPROCHEMENT, ra-pr[=o]sh'mong, _n._ reunion. [Fr.]

RAPSCALLION, rap-skal'yun, _n._ a rascal: a wretch. [_Rascallion_.]

RAPT, rapt, _adj._ raised to rapture: transported: ravished:--_pa.t._ and _pa.p._ of _rap_ (2).--_v.t._ (_obs._) to grasp or carry off.--_n._ RAP'TOR, a ravisher. [_Rap_, to seize, influenced by L. _rap[)e]re_, to snatch.]

RAPTORES, rap-t[=o]'r[=e]z, _n.pl._ an order of birds of prey distinguished by a hooked bill and sharp claws, and including the vultures, falcons, and owls--also RAPTAT[=O]'RES.--_adjs._ RAPT[=O]'RIAL, seizing by violence, as a bird of prey; RAPT[=O]'RIOUS. [L. _raptor_, a plunderer--_rap[)e]re_, to seize.]

RAPTURE, rap't[=u]r, _n._ a seizing and carrying away: extreme delight: transport: ecstasy.--_adj._ RAP'T[=U]RED.--_n._ RAP'T[=U]RIST (_Spens._), one filled with rapture.--_adj._ RAP'T[=U]ROUS, seizing and carrying away: ecstatic.--_adv._ RAP'T[=U]ROUSLY.

RARA AVIS, r[=a]'ra [=a]'vis, _n._ a rare bird: a remarkable person:--_pl._ R[=A]'Rae [=A]'VES. [L.]

RARE, r[=a]r, _adj._ (_comp._ R[=A]'RER; _superl._ R[=A]'REST) thin: not dense, as rarefied atmosphere: sparse: seldom met with: uncommon: excellent: especially good: extraordinary.--_ns._ R[=A]RE'BIT, an erroneous form of _Welsh-rabbit_; RAREFAC'TION, act of rarefying: expansion of aeriform bodies.--_adj._ RAR'EFIABLE, capable of being rarefied.--_v.t._ RAREFY (rar'e-f[=i], or r[=a]'re-f[=i]), to make rare, thin, or less dense: to expand a body.--_v.i._ to become less dense:--_pa.t._ and _pa.p._ rar'efied.--_adv._ R[=A]RE'LY, seldom: remarkably well.--_ns._ R[=A]RE'NESS, tenuity: scarcity; RARITY (rar'i-ti), state of being rare: thinness: subtilty: something valued for its scarcity: uncommonness.

[Fr.,--L. _r[=a]rus_.]

RARE, r[=a]r, _adj._ underdone--of meat. [A.S. _hr[=e]r_.]

RAREE-SHOW, rar'[=e]-sh[=o], _n._ a show carried about in a box: a peep-show. [A corr. of _rarity-show_.]

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