HAVERSIAN, hav-er'si-an, _adj._ pertaining to or named after Clopton _Havers_, a 17th-cent. English anatomist who investigated the blood-vascular system of bone.
HAVILDAR, hav'il-dar, _n._ the highest rank of non-commissioned officer among native troops in India and Ceylon. [Pers.]
HAVIOUR, h[=a]v'[=u]r, _n._ (_obs._) behaviour.
HAVOC, hav'ok, _n._ general waste or destruction: devastation.--_v.t._ to lay waste.--_interj._ an ancient hunting or war cry. [O. Fr. _havot_, plunder, of Teut. origin.]
HAW, haw, _n._ a hedge or enclosure: a field: the berry of the hawthorn.--_ns._ HAW'-BUCK, a clown; HAW'FINCH, the common grosbeak; HAW'THORN, a shrub or small tree, much planted both for hedges and for ornament: the white flower of the hawthorn. [A.S. _haga_, a yard or enclosure; Dut. _haag_, a hedge, Ger. _hag_, a hedge, Ice. _hagi_, a field.]
HAW, haw, _v.i._ to speak with hesitation or a drawling manner, real or affected--hence _adj._ HAW-HAW, in an affected tone of voice.--_n._ a hesitation in speech: loud vulgar laughter.--_v.i._ to guffaw, to laugh boisterously. [Imit.]
HAW, haw, _n._ the nictitating membrane or third eyelid, as of a horse; also a disease of this membrane.
HAWK, hawk, _n._ the name of several birds of prey allied to the falcons: a rapacious person.--_v.i._ to hunt birds with hawks trained for the purpose: to attack on the wing.--_ns._ HAWK'-BELL, a small bell attached to a hawk's leg; HAWK'BIT, a genus of plants of order _Compositae_, closely related to the dandelion; HAWK'ER.--_adj._ HAWK'-EYED.--_n._ HAWK'ING.--_adj._ HAWK'ISH.--_n._ HAWK'-MOTH, a very large kind of moth, so called from its hovering motion.--_adj._ HAWK'-NOSED, having a nose like a hawk's beak.--_ns._ HAWKS'BEARD, a genus of annual and biennial plants of order _Compositae_, closely related to hawkweed; HAWK'WEED, a genus of perennial plants of order _Compositae_.--KNOW A HAWK FROM A HANDSAW (prob. for _hernshaw_), to be able to judge between things pretty well. [A.S. _hafoc_; Dut. _havik_, Ger. _habicht_, Ice. _haukr_.]
HAWK, hawk, _v.i._ to force up matter from the throat.--_n._ the effort to do this. [_Imit._]
HAWK, hawk, _n._ a plasterer's tool.
HAWKED, hawkt, _adj._ (_Scot._) spotted, streaked.--_ns._ HAW'KEY, HAW'KIE, a dark cow with white-striped face.
HAWKER, hawk'[.e]r, _n._ one who carries about goods for sale on his back, a pedlar.--_v.t._ HAWK, to carry about for sale: to cry for sale. [Cf. Low Ger. and Ger. _hoker_, Dut. _heuker_.]
HAWM, hawm, _v.i._ (_prov._) to lounge about.
HAWSE, hawz, _n._ the part of a vessel's bow in which the hawse-holes are cut.--_n.pl._ HAWSE'-HOLES, the holes in a ship's bow through which the cables pass.--_ns._ HAWSE'-PIPE, an iron pipe fitted into a hawse-hole, to save the wood; HAWSE'-TIM'BER, one of the upright timbers in the bow in which the hawse-holes are cut. [Ice. _hals_, the neck.]
HAWSER, haz'[.e]r, _n._ a small cable, a large rope used in warping.--_adj._ HAWS'ER-LAID, made of three small ropes laid up into one.
[O. Fr. _haucier_, _haulser_, to raise--Low L. _altiare_--L. _altus_, high.]
HAWTHORN. See HAW.
HAY, h[=a], _n._ grass cut down and dried for fodder.--_ns._ HAY'COCK, a conical pile of hay in the field; HAY'-F[=E]'VER, an ailment mostly met with in early summer, marked by excessive irritation of the nose, throat, &c., and accompanied with violent sneezing and intense headache--also called HAY'-ASTH'MA; HAY'FIELD, a field where hay is made; HAY'-FORK, a long-handled fork used in turning over hay to dry, or in lifting it; HAY'-KNIFE, a broad knife, with a handle set cross-wise at one end, used for cutting hay from a stack; HAY'-LOFT, a loft in which hay is kept; HAY'-MAK'ER, one employed in cutting and drying grass for hay: (_pl._) a kind of country-dance; HAY'-MAK'ING; HAY'-MOW, a rick of hay: a mass of hay stored in a barn; HAY'-RICK, a pile of hay; HAY'-STACK, a stack of hay; HAY'-TED'DER, a machine for scattering hay and exposing it to the sun and air.--LOOK FOR A NEEDLE IN A HAY-STACK, to look for something where it is barely possible to be found; MAKE HAY, to throw things into confusion; MAKE HAY WHILE THE SUN SHINES, to seize a favourable opportunity. [A.S. _hieg_, _hig_, _heg_; Ger. _heu_, Dut. _hoo_, Ice. _hey_.]
HAY, h[=a], _n._ a hedge, fence.--_n._ HAY'-WARD, one who herded the common cattle of a town. [A.S. _hege_--_haga_, a hedge.]
HAY, h[=a], _n._ (_Shak._) a home-thrust in fencing. [It. _hai_, _avere_--L. _hab[=e]re_, to have.]
HAY, h[=a], _n._ a country-dance with winding movement.
HAZARD, haz'ard, _n._ a game played with a dice-box and two dice by any number of players: chance: accident: risk: (_billiards_) the pocketing of the object ball (_winning_ hazard), of the player's own ball after contact (_losing_ hazard): (_tennis_) the side of the court into which the ball is served: (_golf_) a general term for all difficulties on a golf-links--bunkers, long grass, roads, water, whins, &c.--_v.t._ to expose to chance: to risk: to venture.--_v.i._ to run a risk.--_adj._ HAZ'ARDABLE.--_n._ HAZ'ARDISE (_Spens._), hazard.--_adj._ HAZ'ARDOUS, dangerous: perilous: uncertain.--_adv_. HAZ'ARDOUSLY.--_ns._ HAZ'ARDOUSNESS; HAZ'ARDRY (_Spens._), playing at games of hazard or chance: rashness; CHICK'EN-HAZ'ARD, a game of chance with very small stakes. [O.
Fr. _hasard_; prob. through the Sp. from Arab. _al z[=a]r_, the die; but Littre favours William of Tyre's derivation from _Hasart_, a castle in Syria, where the game was discovered during the Crusades.]
HAZE, h[=a]z, _n._ vapour which renders the air thick: obscurity.--_v.i._ to form a haze.--_adv._ HAZ'ILY.--_n._ HAZ'INESS.--_adj._ HAZ'Y, thick with haze: obscure: confused (of the mind). [App. not the A.S. _hasu_, _haswe_, gray; prob. Ice. _hoss_, gray.]
HAZE, h[=a]z, _v.t._ to vex with needless tasks: to play tricks upon, to bully.--_ns._ HAZ'ER, a player of boorish pranks and practical jokes; HAZ'ING, brutal horse-play. [O. Fr. _haser_, to annoy.]
HAZEL, h[=a]'zl, _n._ a bush or small tree of genus _Corylus_, of the oak family (_Cupuliferae_), yielding an ovoid bony nut enclosed in a leafy involucre.--_adj._ pertaining to the hazel: of a light-brown colour, like a hazel-nut.--_n._ H[=A]'ZELINE, an alcoholic distillate from the Witch Hazel.--_adj._ H[=A]'ZELLY, light brown like the hazel-nut.--_n._ H[=A]'ZEL-NUT, the nut of the hazel-tree. [A.S. _haesel_; Ger. _hasel_, Ice.
_hasl_, L. _corulus_.]
HE, h[=e], _pron._ of the third person: the male person named before: a male person or animal.--_adj._ male. [A.S. _he_; Dut. _hij_, Ice. _hann_.]
HEAD, hed, _n._ the uppermost or foremost part of an animal's body: the brain: the understanding: a chief or leader: the place of honour or command: the front or top of anything: an individual animal or person: a topic or chief point of a discourse: a title, heading: the source or spring: height of the source of water: highest point of anything: culmination: a cape: strength: a froth on beer, porter, &c., when poured into a glass.--_v.t._ to act as a head to, to lead or govern: to go in front of: to commence: to check: (_naut._) to be contrary: (_obs._) to behead.--_v.i._ to grow to a head: to originate: to go head foremost.--_n._ HEAD'ACHE, an internal pain in the head.--_adj._ HEAD'ACHY, afflicted with headaches.--_ns._ HEAD'BAND, a band or fillet for the head: the band at each end of a book: a thin slip of iron on the tympan of a printing-press; HEAD'-BLOCK, in a sawmill carriage, a cross-block on which the head of the log rests: a piece of wood in a carriage, connected with the spring and the perches, and joining the fore-gear and the hind-gear; HEAD'-BOARD, a board placed at the head of anything, esp. a bedstead; HEAD'-BOOM, a jib-boom or a flying jib-boom; HEAD'BOR'OUGH, an old term for the head of a borough, the chief of a frank pledge, tithing, or decennary; HEAD'-BOY, the senior boy in a public school; HEAD'CHAIR, a high-backed chair with a rest for the head; HEAD'-CHEESE, pork-cheese, brawn; HEAD'-CHUTE, a canvas tube used to convey refuse matter from a ship's bows down to the water; HEAD'-CLOTH, a piece of cloth covering the head, wound round a turban, &c.; HEAD'-DRESS, an ornamental dress or covering for the head, worn by women.--_p.adj._ HEAD'ED, having a head: (_Shak._) come to a head.--_ns._ HEAD'ER, one who puts a head on something: a dive, head foremost, into water: a brick laid lengthwise along the thickness of a wall, serving as a bond: a heavy stone extending through the thickness of a wall; HEAD'-FAST, a rope at the bows of a ship used to fasten it to a wharf, &c.; HEAD'-FRAME, the structure over a mine-shaft supporting the head-gear or winding machinery; HEAD'-GEAR, gear, covering, or ornament of the head; HEAD'-HUNT'ING, the practice among the Dyaks of Borneo, &c., of making raids to procure human heads for trophies, &c.--_adv._ HEAD'ILY.--_ns._ HEAD'INESS; HEAD'ING, the act of furnishing with a head; that which stands at the head: material forming a head; HEAD'LAND, a point of land running out into the sea: a cape.--_adj._ HEAD'LESS, without a head.--_ns._ HEAD'-LIGHT, a light carried in front of a vessel, locomotive, or vehicle, as a signal, or for light; HEAD'-LINE, the line at the head or top of a page containing the folio or number of the page: (_pl._) the sails and ropes next the yards (_naut._).--_adv._ HEAD'LONG, with the head foremost or first: without thought, rashly: precipitately.--_adj._ rash: precipitous, steep.--_adj._ HEAD'-LUGGED (_Shak._), lugged or dragged along by the head.--_ns._ HEAD'-MAN, a chief, a leader; HEAD'MARK, a characteristic peculiar to a certain class; HEAD'-MAS'TER, the principal master of a school; HEAD'-MOLD, the skull proper: (_archit._) a moulding round or over the head of a door, &c.; HEAD'-MONEY, a tax counted per head: a reward by the head for persons captured at sea, &c.: a reward for a proscribed outlaw's head.--_adj._ HEAD'MOST, most advanced, or forward.--_ns._ HEAD'-NOTE, a note placed at the head of a chapter or page, esp. a condensed statement of points of law involved introductory to the report of a legal decision; HEAD'PIECE, a helmet: a hat: head, intelligence: (_print._) a decorative engraving placed at the top of the first page of a volume, and at the beginning of books, chapters, &c.; HEAD'-PUMP, a small pump at a ship's bows to pump up sea-water for washing decks.--_n.pl._ HEAD'QUARTERS, the quarters or residence of a commander-in-chief or general.--_ns._ HEAD'-RACE, the race which brings the water to a water-wheel; HEAD'-REACH, the distance to windward made by a vessel while tacking.--_v.i._ to shoot ahead, in tacking.--_ns._ HEAD'-REST, a support for the head, esp. the adjustable apparatus of the barber's chair, and that used by the photographer to steady the sitter's head; HEAD'-RING, a palm-leaf ornament worn by Kaffir men in their hair after marriage; HEAD'-SHAKE, a significant shake or motion of the head; HEAD'-SHIP, the office of a head or chief authority: dignity; HEADS'MAN, a man who cuts off heads: an executioner; HEAD'STALL, the part of a bridle round the head; HEAD'-ST[=A]'TION, the dwelling-house, &c., on an Australian sheep or cattle station; HEAD'-STICK (_print._), a straight piece of furniture placed at the head of a form, between the chase and the type; HEAD'STONE, the principal stone of a building: the corner-stone: the stone at the head of a grave; HEAD'-STREAM, the highest of the streams which combine to form a river.--_adj._ HEAD'STRONG, self-willed: obstinate.--_ns._ HEAD'-TIRE, a head-dress; HEAD'-WA'TER, the highest part of a stream, before receiving affluents; HEAD'WAY, motion ahead, esp. of a ship; HEAD'-WIND, a wind blowing right against a ship's head; HEAD'-WORD, a title word or heading usually in distinctive type; HEAD'-WORK, intellectual labour.--_adj._ HEAD'Y, affecting the head or the brain: intoxicating: inflamed: rash: violent.--HEAD AND EARS, with the whole person: completely; HEAD AND SHOULDERS, very much, as if taller by a head and shoulders: violently; HEAD FOREMOST, with the head first, esp. of falling from a height; HEAD OR TAIL, the side of a coin with the sovereign's head, or the reverse: a phrase used in tossing up a coin to decide a point ('to make neither head nor tail of anything'--to be unable to understand it); HEAD OVER HEELS, in a somersault.--COME TO A HEAD, to reach a climax; EAT ONE'S HEAD OFF, to be consumed with mortification; GO BY THE HEAD, to sink head foremost; HAVE A HEAD ON ONE'S SHOULDERS, to have brains or ability; HEAD OFF, to prevent by some counteraction; LOSE ONE'S HEAD, to become very much excited: to lose presence of mind; MAKE HEAD AGAINST, to resist successfully: to advance; OFF ONE'S HEAD, demented, crazy; OUT OF ONE'S OWN HEAD, spontaneously; OVER HEAD AND EARS, deeply engrossed; TURN A PERSON'S HEAD (see TURN). [A.S. _heafod_, Dut. _hoofd_, Ger. _haupt_.]
HEAL, h[=e]l, _v.t._ to make whole and healthy: to cure: to remove or subdue what is evil: to restore to soundness, to remedy, repair.--_v.i._ to grow sound:--_pr.p._ heal'ing; _pa.p._ healed.--_adj._ HEAL'ABLE.--_ns._ HEAL'ER; HEAL'ING, the act or process by which anything is healed or cured: the power to heal.--_adj._ tending to cure, mild.--_adv._ HEAL'INGLY.--_adj._ HEAL'SOME (_Scot._), wholesome. [A.S. _h['ae]lan_, _hal_, whole; cf. Ger. _heil_, Dut. _heel_, Ice. _heill_; also Eng. _hail_, _hale_, _whole_.]
HEALD, h[=e]ld, _n._ the same as Heddle (q.v.).
HEALTH, helth, _n._ wholeness or soundness of body: general state of the body, as in 'ill health,' 'good health,' soundness and vigour of mind: a toast, as 'to drink one's health'--to drink to the health of: (_B._) salvation, or divine favour.--_adj._ HEALTH'FUL, full of or enjoying health: indicating health: wholesome: salutary.--_adv._ HEALTH'FULLY.--_n._ HEALTH'FULNESS.--_adv._ HEALTH'ILY.--_n._ HEALTH'INESS.--_adj._ HEALTH'LESS, sickly, ailing.--_ns._ HEALTH'LESSNESS; HEALTH'-RESORT', a place to which people go for the good of their health.--_adjs._ HEALTH'SOME (_Shak._), healthy, wholesome; HEALTH'Y, in a state of good health: conducive to health: sound in body or mind: vigorous. [A.S. _haelth_--_hal_, whole.]
HEAP, h[=e]p, _n._ a pile or mass heaved or thrown together: a great number of things, a great deal, a collection: (_B._) a ruin.--_v.t._ to throw in a heap or pile: to amass: to pile above the top:--_pr.p._ heap'ing; _pa.p._ heaped.--_adj._ HEAP'Y, full of heaps.--A HEAP, a good many; KNOCK ALL OF A HEAP, to confound utterly. [A.S. _heap_: Ice. _hopr_, Ger. _haufe_, Dut.
_hoop_.]
HEAR, h[=e]r, _v.t._ to perceive by the ear: to comprehend: to listen to: to grant or obey: to answer favourably: to attend to: to try judicially: to be a hearer of: (_Milt._) to be called.--_v.i._ to have the sense of hearing: to listen: to be told:--_pr.p._ hear'ing; _pa.t._ and _pa.p._ heard (h[.e]rd).--_ns._ HEAR'ER; HEAR'ING, act of perceiving by the ear: the sense of perceiving sound: opportunity to be heard: audience: judicial investigation and hearing of arguments, esp. of trial without a jury: reach of the ear: (_coll._) a scolding; HEAR'SAY, common talk: rumour: report.--_adj._ of or pertaining to a report given by others.--_v.i._ to repeat rumours.--HEAR, HEAR! an exclamation of approval, uttered by the hearers of a speech; HEARSAY EVIDENCE, evidence at second hand; HEAR TELL OF, to hear some one speak of; I WILL NOT HEAR OF, I will not listen to the notion or proposal. [A.S. _hran_; Dut. _hooren_, Ice. _heyra_, Ger.
_horen_, Goth. _hausjan_.]
HEARKEN, hark'n, _v.i._ to hear attentively: to listen. [A.S. _hrcnian_, from _hran_, to hear; Ger. _horchen_.]
HEARSAL, h[.e]r'sal, _n._ (_Spens._). Same as REHEARSAL.
HEARSE, h[.e]rs, _n._ a carriage in which the dead are conveyed to the grave: (_orig._) a triangular framework for holding candles at a church service, and esp. at a funeral service.--_v.t._ to put on or in a hearse.--_n._ HEARSE'-CLOTH, a pall for a corpse laid on a bier.--_adj._ HEARSE'-LIKE, suitable to a funeral, mournful. [O. Fr. _herse_ (It.
_erpice_)--L. _hirpicem_, accus. of _hirpex_, a harrow.]
HEART, hart, _n._ the organ in animal systems that circulates the blood: the vital, inner, or chief part of anything: the seat of the affections, &c., esp. love: the affections: courage: vigour: secret meaning or design: that which resembles a heart: a person, esp. as implying courage or affectionateness--a term of endearment or encouragement: anything heart-shaped, esp. that one of the four suits in a pack of cards bearing a heart in red.--_v.t._ to encourage, hearten.--_v.i._ to form a compact head, as a plant.--_ns._ HEART'ACHE, sorrow: anguish; HEART'-BEAT, a pulsation of the heart: a throb of emotion, a thought; HEART'-BLOOD, blood of the heart: life, essence; HEART'-BOND, in masonry, a bond in which one header overlaps two others; HEART'-BREAK, a sorrow or grief.--_v.t._ to break the heart of.--_n._ HEART'-BREAK'ER, a flirt: a curl, love-lock.--_adjs._ HEART'-BREAK'ING, crushing with grief or sorrow; HEART'-BROK'EN, intensely afflicted or grieved.--_ns._ HEART'BURN, a burning, acrid feeling, said to be due to the irritation of the upper end of the stomach by the fumes of its acrid contents: cardialgia: HEART'BURNING, discontent: secret enmity.--_adj._ HEART'-DEAR (_Shak._), dear to the heart, sincerely beloved.--_n._ HEART'-DISEASE', any morbid condition of the heart, whether of the various tissues composing it, or of the nervous arrangements governing it.--_adjs._ HEART'-EAS'ING, giving peace to the mind; HEART'ED, having a heart of a specified kind (hard-hearted, &c.): seated or fixed in the heart, laid up in the heart.--_v.t._ HEART'EN, to encourage, stimulate: to add strength to.--_adjs._ HEART'-FELT, felt deeply: sincere; HEART'FREE, having the affections free or disengaged.--_ns._ HEART'-GRIEF, grief or affliction of the heart; HEART'-HEAV'INESS, depression of spirits.--_adv._ HEART'ILY, in a hearty manner: cordially: eagerly.--_n._ HEART'INESS, the state or quality of being hearty.--_adj._ HEART'LESS, without heart, courage, or feeling.--_adv._ HEART'LESSLY.--_ns._ HEART'LESSNESS; HEART'LET, a little heart.--_interj._ HEART'LING (_Shak._), little heart, used in a minced oath.--_n._ HEART'-QUAKE, trembling, fear.--_adjs._ HEART'-REND'ING, deeply afflictive: agonising; HEART'-ROB'BING (_Spens._), stealing the affections: blissful.--_ns._ HEART'-ROT, a disease producing decay in the hearts of trees, caused by the mycelia of various fungi; HEART'S'-EASE, a common name for the pansy, a species of violet, an infusion of which was once thought to ease the love-sick heart; HEART'-SEED, a general name of plants of genus _Cardiospermum_, esp. the U.S. balloon-vine; HEART'-SERV'ICE, sincere devotion, as opposed to _Eye-service_.--_adjs._ HEART'-SHAPED, shaped like the human heart; HEART'-SICK, pained in mind: depressed.--_n._ HEART'-SICK'NESS.--_adjs._ HEART'SOME, exhilarating: merry; HEART'-SORE, caused by pain at the heart.--_n._ (_Spens._) grief.--_n._ HEART'-SPOON, the depression in the breastbone: the breastbone.--_adj._ HEART'-STIR'RING, arousing the heart, exhilarating.--_n._ HEART'-STRING, a nerve or tendon supposed to brace and sustain the heart: (_pl._) affections.--_adjs._ HEART'-STRUCK (_Shak._), driven to the heart, deeply fixed in the mind: (_Milt._) shocked, dismayed; HEART'-SWELL'ING (_Spens._), rankling in the heart or mind.--_ns._ HEART'-WHEEL, HEART'-CAM, a form of cam-wheel used for converting uniform rotary motion into uniform reciprocating motion.--_adj._ HEART'-WHOLE, whole at heart: unmoved in the affections or spirits.--_n._ HEART'-WOOD, the hard inner wood of a tree--also called _Duramen_.--_adjs._ HEART'Y, full of, or proceeding from, the heart: warm: genuine: strong: healthy; HEART'Y-HALE (_Spens._), wholesome or good for the heart.--HEART-AND-HAND, HEART-AND-SOUL, with complete heartiness, with complete devotion to a cause; HEART OF HEARTS, the inmost heart: deepest affections; HEART OF OAK, a brave, resolute heart.--AFTER MY OWN HEART, to my own liking; AT HEART, in real character: substantially; BREAK THE HEART, to die of grief or disappointment: to cause deep grief to any one; BY HEART, by rote: in the memory; EAT ONE'S HEART (see EAT); FIND IN ONE'S HEART, to be willing or ready to do something; FOR ONE'S HEART, for one's life; GET, HAVE, BY HEART, to commit to memory, or to hold in one's memory; HAVE AT HEART, to wish earnestly for: to hold in dear esteem; HAVE ONE'S HEART IN ONE'S BOOTS, MOUTH, to be in a state of terror; LAY, TAKE, TO HEART, to set one's mind strongly upon: to be deeply moved by something; OUT OF HEART, in low spirits; SET THE HEART AT REST, to become easy in mind; SET THE HEART UPON, to desire earnestly; SPEAK TO THE HEART (_B._), to comfort, encourage; TAKE HEART, to be encouraged; TAKE HEART OF GRACE (see GRACE); TAKE TO HEART, to be deeply pained at anything; WEAR THE HEART UPON THE SLEEVE, to show the feelings, &c., openly; WITH ALL MY HEART, most willingly. [A.S. _heorte_; Dut. _hart_, Ger. _herz_; cog. with L. _cor_, _cordis_, Gr. _kardia_.]
HEARTH, harth, _n._ the part of the floor on which the fire is made: the fireside: the house itself: the home-circle: the lowest part of a blast-furnace: a brazier, chafing-dish, or fire-box.--_ns._ HEARTH'-MON'EY, HEARTH'-PENN'Y, HEARTH'-TAX, a tax in England, formerly laid upon hearths; HEARTH'-RUG, a rug used for covering the hearth-stone; HEARTH'-STONE, a stone forming a hearth, the fireside: a soft stone used for whitening hearths, doorsteps, &c. [A.S. _heor_; Dut. _haard_, Ger. _herd_.]
HEAST, h[=e]st, _n._ (_Spens._) command--same as Hest (q.v.).
HEAT, h[=e]t, _n._ that which excites the sensation of warmth: sensation of warmth: a heating: exposure to intense heat: a warm temperature: the warmest period, as the heat of the day: indication of warmth, flush, redness: vehemence, passion; sexual excitement, or its period, esp. of the female, corresponding to _rut_ in the male: a single course in a race: animation.--_v.t._ to make hot: to agitate.--_v.i._ to become hot:--_pr.p._ heat'ing; _pa.p._ heat'ed.--_n._ HEAT'-AP'OPLEXY, sunstroke.--_p.adj._ HEAT'ED.--_ns._ HEAT'-EN'GINE, an engine which transforms heat into mechanical work; HEAT'ER, one who, or that which, heats: a piece of cast-iron heated and then placed in a hollow flat-iron, &c.--_adjs_.
HEAT'ER-SHAPED, triangular, like the common heater; HEAT'ING, causing or imparting heat.--_ns._ HEAT'-SPOT, a spot on the surface of the body where a sensation of heat is felt; HEAT'-[=U]'NIT, amount of heat required to raise a pound of water one degree.--LATENT HEAT, the quantity of heat absorbed when bodies pass from the solid into the liquid, or from the liquid into the gaseous, state; MECHANICAL EQUIVALENT OF HEAT, the relation between heat and work--viz. the amount of molecular energy required to produce one heat-unit; SPECIFIC HEAT, the number of heat-units necessary to raise the unit of mass of a given substance one degree in temperature.
[A.S. _h['ae]to_, heat, _hat_, hot; Ger. _hitze_.]
HEATH, h[=e]th, _n._ a barren open country: any shrub of genus _Erica_, or its congener _Calluna_, of the heath family (_Ericaceae_), a hardy evergreen under-shrub.--_ns._ HEATH'-BELL, same as HEATHER-BELL; HEATH'-COCK, a large bird which frequents heaths: the black grouse:--_fem._ HEATH'-HEN; HEATH'-POULT, the heath-bird, esp. the female or young.--_adj._ HEATH'Y, abounding with heath. [A.S. _h['ae]_; Ger. _heide_, Goth. _haithi_, a waste.]
HEATHEN, h[=e]'_th_n, _n._ an inhabitant of an unchristian country, one neither Christian, Jewish, nor Mohammedan: (_B._) the Gentiles: a pagan: an irreligious person.--_adj._ pagan, irreligious.--_n._ HEA'THENDOM, the condition of a heathen: those regions of the world where heathenism prevails.--_v.t._ HEA'THENISE, to make heathen or heathenish.--_adj._ HEA'THENISH, relating to the heathen: rude: uncivilised: cruel.--_adv._ HEA'THENISHLY.--_ns._ HEA'THENISHNESS; HEA'THENISM, the religious system of the heathens: paganism: barbarism; HEA'THENRY, heathenism: heathendom.
[A.S. _h['ae]en_, a heathen; Dut. _heiden_.]
HEATHER, he_th_'[.e]r, _n._ the Scotch name for the native species of the Linnaean genus _Erica_, called in the north of England Ling, esp. _Erica_ (now _Calluna_) _vulgaris_, Common Heather, and _Erica cinerea_, Fine-leaved Heath or Lesser Bell-heather.--_adj._ of the colour of heather.--_ns._ HEATH'ER-ALE, a famous liquor traditionally brewed in Scotland from the bells of heather; HEATH'ER-BELL, a name given to _Erica tetralix_ (or specially to its blossom), and sometimes also to _Erica cinerea_.--_adj._ HEATH'ERY, of or pertaining to heather.--SET THE HEATHER ON FIRE, to create a disturbance; TAKE TO THE HEATHER, to become an outlaw.
[Usually derived from _heath_.]
HEAUME, h[=o]m, _n._ (_arch._) a massive helmet.
HEAVE, h[=e]v, _v.t._ to lift up: to throw upward: to draw in any direction, as by a windlass: to cause to swell: to force from the breast: (_geol._) to move away or displace (a vein or stratum).--_v.i._ to be raised: to rise and fall: to try to vomit:--_pr.p._ heav'ing; _pa.t._ and _pa.p._ heaved or (_naut._) h[=o]ve.--_n._ an effort upward: a throw: a swelling: an effort to vomit: broken wind in horses.--_ns._ HEAVE'-OFF'ERING, a voluntary Jewish offering lifted up before the Lord by the priest; HEAV'ER, one who, or that which, heaves; HEAVES, a disease in horses; HEAVE'-SHOUL'DER, the shoulder of an animal elevated in sacrifice; HEAV'ING, a rising: swell: (_Shak._) panting.--HEAVE HO! an exclamation used by sailors in putting forth exertion, as in heaving the anchor; HEAVE IN SIGHT, to come into view; HEAVE TO, to bring a vessel to a stand-still, to make her lie to. [A.S. _hebban_, pa.t. _hof_, pa.p. _hafen_; Ger.
_heben_.]
HEAVEN, hev'n, _n._ the arch of sky overhanging the earth: the air: a zone or region: a very great and indefinite height: the dwelling-place of the Deity and the blessed: the Deity as inhabiting heaven: supreme happiness.--_adjs._ HEAV'EN-BORN, descended from heaven; HEAV'EN-BRED (_Shak._), bred or produced in heaven; HEAV'EN-DIRECT'ED, pointing to the sky: divinely guided; HEAV'EN-FALL'EN (_Milt._), fallen from heaven, having rebelled against God; HEAV'EN-GIFT'ED, granted by heaven; HEAV'EN-KISS'ING (_Shak._), kissing or touching, as it were, the sky.--_n._ HEAV'ENLINESS.--_adj._ HEAV'ENLY, of or inhabiting heaven: celestial: pure: supremely blessed: very excellent.--_adv._ in a manner like that of heaven: by the influence of heaven.--_adj._ HEAV'ENLY-MIND'ED, having the mind placed upon heavenly things: pure.--_n._ HEAV'ENLY-MIND'EDNESS.--_advs._ HEAV'ENWARD, HEAV'ENWARDS, toward or in the direction of heaven.--HEAVEN OF HEAVENS (_B._), the highest of the heavens, the abode and seat of God; IN THE SEVENTH HEAVEN, in a state of the most exalted happiness--from the system of the Cabbalists, who divided the heavens into seven in an ascending scale of happiness up to the abode of God. [A.S. _heofon_; not to be conn. with _heave_.]