FORTITION, for-tish'un, _n._ principle of trusting to chance. [L. _fors_, chance.]
FORTITUDE, for'ti-t[=u]d, _n._ mental power of endurance: firmness in meeting danger: (_obs._) strength, power of resistance or attack.--_adj._ FORTIT[=U]'DINOUS. [L. _fortitudo_--_fortis_.]
FORTLET, f[=o]rt'let, _n._ a little fort.
FORTNIGHT, fort'n[=i]t, _n._ two weeks or fourteen days.--_adj._ and _adv._ FORT'NIGHTLY, once a fortnight. [Contr. of _A.S._ _feowertne niht_, fourteen nights.]
FORTRESS, for'tres, _n._ a fortified place: a defence.--_v.t._ (_Shak._) to guard. [O. Fr. _forteresse_, another form of _fortelesce_ (q.v. under FORTALICE).]
FORTUITOUS, for-t[=u]'i-tus, _adj._ happening by chance.--_ns._ FORT[=U]'ITISM; FORT[=U]'ITIST.--_adv._ FORT[=U]'ITOUSLY.--_ns._ FORT[=U]'ITOUSNESS, FORT[=U]'ITY. [L. _fortuitus_.]
FORTUNE, for't[=u]n, _n._ whatever comes by lot or chance: luck: the arbitrary ordering of events: the lot that falls to one in life: success: wealth.--_v.i._ to befall.--_v.t._ to determine.--_adj._ FOR'TUN[=A]TE, happening by good fortune: lucky: auspicious: felicitous.--_adv._ FOR'TUN[=A]TELY.--_ns._ FOR'TUN[=A]TENESS; FOR'TUNE-BOOK, a book helpful in telling fortunes.--_adj._ FOR'TUNED, supplied by fortune.--_n._ FOR'TUNE-HUNT'ER, a man who hunts for marriage with a woman of fortune.--_adj._ FOR'TUNELESS, without a fortune: luckless.--_v.i._ FOR'TUNE-TELL, to reveal futurity: to tell one his fortune.--_ns._ FOR'TUNE-TELL'ER, one who pretends to foretell one's fortune; FOR'TUNE-TELL'ING.--_v.t._ FOR'TUN[=I]SE (_Spens._), to make fortunate or happy. [Fr.,--L. _fortuna_.]
FORTY, for'ti, _adj._ and _n._ four times ten.--_adj._ FOR'TIETH.--_n._ a fortieth part.--FORTY WINKS, a short nap, esp. after dinner.--THE FORTY, the French Academy. [A.S. _feowertig_--_feower_, four, _tig_, ten.]
FORUM, f[=o]'rum, _n._ a market-place, esp. the market-place in Rome, where public business was transacted and justice dispensed: the courts of law as opposed to the Parliament. [L., akin to _foras_, out of doors.]
FORWANDER, for-won'd[.e]r, _v.i._ and _v.t._ (_Spens._) to wander till wearied, to weary with wandering.
FORWARD, for'ward, _adj._ near or at the forepart: in advance of something else: ready: too ready: presumptuous: officious: earnest: early ripe.--_v.t._ to help on, to quicken: to send on.--_advs._ FOR'WARD, FOR'WARDS, towards what is before or in front: onward: progressively.--_ns._ FOR'WARDER; FOR'WARDING, the act of sending forward merchandise, &c., for others.--_adv._ FOR'WARDLY.--_n._ FOR'WARDNESS. [A.S.
_foreweard_--_fore_, and _-weard_, sig. direction. _Forwards_--M. E.
_forwardes_--was orig. the gen. form (cf. Ger. _vorwarts_).]
FORWASTE, for-w[=a]st', _v.t._ (_Spens._) to lay waste utterly.
FORWEARY, for-w[=e]'ri, _v.t._ (_Spens._) to weary out.
FORWENT, for-went' (_Spens._), _pa.t_ of _forego_.
FORWORN, for-w[=o]rn', _adj._ (_Spens._) much worn.
FORZANDO. Same as SFORZANDO (q.v.).
FOSS, FOSSE, fos, _n._ (_fort._) a ditch or moat, either with or without water, the excavation of which has contributed material for the walls of the fort it protects: an abyss.--_adj._ FOSSED.--_n._ FOSS'WAY, an ancient Roman road having a ditch on either side. [Fr. _fosse_--L.
_fossa_--_fod[)e]re_, _fossum_, to dig.]
FOSSA, fos'a, _n._ (_anat._) a pit or depression in a body, esp. that in an animal integument forming a point of attachment for an organ.--_n._ FOSSETTE', a dimple or small depression. [L., a ditch.]
FOSSET-SELLER, fos'et-sel'[.e]r, _n._ (_Shak._) one who sells faucets.
[_Fosset_, obs. form of _faucet_.]
FOSSICK, fos'ik, _v.i._ to be troublesome: to undermine another's diggings, or work over waste-heaps for gold: to search about for any kind of profit.--_ns._ FOSS'ICKER, a mining gleaner who works over old diggings, and scratches about in the beds of creeks; FOSS'ICKING. [Ety. dub.]
FOSSIL, fos'il, _n._ the petrified remains of an animal or vegetable found embedded in the strata of the earth's crust: anything antiquated.--_adj._ dug out of the earth: in the condition of a fossil: antiquated.--_adj._ FOSSILIF'EROUS, bearing or containing fossils.--_n._ FOSSILIFIC[=A]'TION, the act of becoming fossil.--_vs.t._ FOSSIL'IFY, FOSS'IL[=I]SE, to convert into a fossil.--_v.i._ to be changed into a stony or fossil state.--_ns._ FOSSILIS[=A]'TION, a changing into a fossil; FOSS'ILISM, the science of fossils; FOSS'ILIST, one skilled in fossils; FOSSILOL'OGY, FOSSIL'OGY, paleontology. [Fr. _fossile_--L. _fossilis_--_fod[)e]re_, to dig.]
FOSSORIAL, fo-s[=o]'ri-al, _adj._ digging, burrowing.--_n._ FOSS'OR, a grave-digger. [L. _fossor_--_fod[)e]re_, to dig.]
FOSSULATE, fos'[=u]-l[=a]t, _adj._ (_anat._) having one or more long narrow grooves or depressions.
FOSTER, fos't[.e]r, _v.t._ to bring up or nurse: to encourage.--_ns._ FOS'TER[=A]GE, the act of fostering or nursing; FOS'TER-BROTH'ER, a male child, fostered or brought up with another of different parents; FOS'TER-CHILD, a child nursed or brought up by one who is not its parent; FOS'TER-DAUGH'TER; FOS'TERER; FOS'TER-FA'THER, one who brings up a child in place of its father; FOS'TERLING, a foster-child; FOS'TER-MOTH'ER, one who suckles a child not her own; FOS'TER-NURSE (_Shak._), a nurse; FOS'TER-PAR'ENT, one who rears a child in the place of its parent; FOS'TER-SIS'TER, one brought up as a sister by the same parents, but not a sister by birth; FOS'TER-SON, one brought up as a son, though not a son by birth. [A.S. _fostrian_, to nourish, _fostor_, food.]
FOSTER, fos't[.e]r, _n._ (_Spens._) a forester.
FOTHER, fo_th_'[.e]r, _v.t._ to stop or lessen a leak in a ship's bottom whilst afloat by means of a heavy sail closely thrummed with yarn and oakum. [Perh. from Dut. _voederen_ (mod. _voeren_) or Low Ger. _fodern_, to line.]
FOTHER, fo_th_'[.e]r, _n._ a load, quantity: a definite weight--of lead, 19 cwt. [A.S. _foer_; Ger. _fuder_.]
FOU, f[=oo], _adj._ (_Scot._) full: drunk.
FOU, f[=oo], _n._ (_Scot._) a bushel.
FOUD, fowd, _n._ a bailiff or magistrate in Orkney and Shetland.--_n._ FOUD'RIE, his jurisdiction. [Ice. _fogeti_; Ger. _vogt_; from L.
_vocatus_--_voc[=a]re_, to call.]
FOUDROYANT, f[=oo]-droi'ant, _adj._ quick like lightning. [Fr.
_foudroyer_--_foudre_, lightning.]
FOUET, f[=oo]'et, _n._ (_Scot._) the house-leek.--Also FOU'AT.
FOUGADE, foo-gad', _n._ (_mil._) a small mine from six to twelve feet under ground, charged either with powder or loaded shells, and sometimes loaded with stones.--Also FOUGASSE'. [Fr.]
FOUGHT, fawt, _pa.t._ and _pa.p._--FOUGHTEN (fawt'n), old _pa.p._ of _fight_.
FOUL, fowl, _adj._ filthy: loathsome: obscene: impure: stormy: unfair: running against: distressing, pernicious: choked up, entangled: (_Shak._) homely, ugly.--_v.t._ to make foul: to soil: to effect a collision.--_v.i._ to come into collision:--_pr.p._ foul'ing; _pa.p._ fouled.--_n._ act of fouling: any breach of the rules in games or contests.--_adj._ FOUL'-FACED (_Shak._), having a hatefully ugly face.--_n._ FOUL'-FISH, fish during the spawning season.--_adv._ FOUL'LY.--_adjs._ FOUL'-MOUTHED, FOUL'-SPOK'EN, addicted to the use of foul or profane language.--_ns._ FOUL-MOUTHED'NESS; FOUL'NESS; FOUL'-PLAY, unfair action in any game or contest, dishonest dealing generally.--CLAIM A FOUL, to assert that the recognised rules have been broken, and that a victory is therefore invalid; FALL FOUL OF, to come against: to assault; MAKE FOUL WATER, used of a ship, to come into such shallow water that the keel raises the mud. [A.S. _ful_; Ger. _faul_, Goth.
_fuls_.]
FOULARD, f[=oo]l'ard, _n._ a soft untwilled silk fabric: a silk handkerchief. [Fr.]
FOULDER, fowl'd[.e]r, _v.i._ (_Spens._) to flame, to gleam. [O. Fr.
_fouldre_--L. _fulgur_, lightning.]
FOULe, f[=oo]-l[=a]', _n._ a light woollen dress material with a glossy surface. [Fr.]
FOUMART, f[=oo]'mart, _n._ an old name for the polecat, from its offensive smell. [M. E. _fulmard_--A.S. _ful_, foul, _mear_, a marten.]
FOUND, _pa.t._ and _pa.p._ of _find_.--_n._ FOUND'LING, a little child found deserted.--FOUNDLING HOSPITAL, an institution where such are brought up.
FOUND, fownd, _v.t._ to lay the bottom or foundation of: to establish on a basis: to originate: to endow.--_v.i._ to rely.--_ns._ FOUND[=A]'TION, the act of founding: the base of a building: the groundwork or basis: a permanent fund for a benevolent purpose or for some special object; FOUND[=A]'TIONER, one supported from the funds or foundation of an institution; FOUND[=A]'TION-MUS'LIN, -NET, gummed fabrics used for stiffening dresses and bonnets; FOUND[=A]TION-STONE, one of the stones forming the foundation of a building, esp. a stone laid with public ceremony; FOUND'ER, one who founds, establishes, or originates: an endower:--_fem._ FOUND'RESS. [Fr. _fonder_--L. _fund[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_, to found--_fundus_, the bottom.]
FOUND, fownd, _v.t._ to form by melting and pouring into a mould: to cast.--_ns._ FOUND'ER, one who melts and casts metal, as a brassfounder; FOUND'ING, metal-casting; FOUND'RY, FOUND'ERY, the art of founding or casting: the house where founding is carried on. [Fr. _fondre_--L.
_fund[)e]re_, _fusum_, to pour.]
FOUNDER, fownd'[.e]r, _v.i._ to go to the bottom: to fill with water and sink.--_v.t._ to cause to sink: to disable by injuring the feet (of a horse).--_adj._ FOUND'EROUS, causing to founder. [O. Fr. _fondrer_, to fall in, _fond_, bottom--L. _fundus_, bottom.]
FOUNT. See FONT (2).
FOUNTAIN, fownt'[=a]n, _n._ a spring of water, natural or artificial: the structure for a jet of water: the source of anything: a reservoir for holding oil, &c., in a lamp.--_ns._ FOUNT, a spring of water: a source; FOUNT'AIN-HEAD, the head or source of a fountain: the beginning.--_adj._ FOUNT'AINLESS, wanting fountains or springs of water.--_n._ FOUNT'AIN-PEN, a pen having a reservoir for holding ink.--_adj._ FOUNT'FUL, full of springs. [Fr. _fontaine_--Low L. _font[=a]na_--L. _fons_, _fontis_, a spring---_fund[)e]re_, to pour.]