48, 49); JU'DAS-TREE, a tree with rose-coloured flowers that appear before the leaves--_Judas_ having hanged himself on one.
JUDEAN, j[=oo]-d[=e]'an, _adj._ belonging to _Judea_.--_n._ a native of Judea.
JUDGE, juj, _v.i._ to point out or declare what is just or law: to hear and decide: to pass sentence: to compare facts to determine the truth: to form or pass an opinion: to distinguish.--_v.t._ to hear and determine authoritatively: to sentence: to decide the merits of: to be censorious towards: to consider: (_B._) to condemn.--_n._ one who judges: a civil officer who hears and settles any cause: an arbitrator: one who can decide upon the merit of anything: in Jewish history, a supreme magistrate having civil and military powers: (_pl._) title of 7th book of the Old Testament.--_ns._ JUDGE'SHIP, the office of a judge; JUDG'MENT, act of judging: the comparing of ideas to elicit truth: faculty by which this is done, the reason: opinion formed: taste: sentence: condemnation: doom; JUDG'MENT-DAY, the day on which God will pronounce final judgment on mankind; JUDG'MENT-DEBT, a debt evidenced by legal record; JUDG'MENT-HALL, a hall where a court of justice meets; JUDG'MENT-SEAT, seat or bench in a court from which judgment is pronounced. [Fr. _juger_--L.
_judic[=a]re_--_jus_, law, _dic[)e]re_, to declare.]
JUDICA, j[=oo]'di-ka, _n._ Passion Sunday--from the opening words of the introit, '_Judica_ me, Deus' (43d Ps.).
JUDICATURE, j[=oo]'di-k[=a]-t[=u]r, _n._ power of dispensing justice by legal trial: jurisdiction: a tribunal.--_adjs._ JU'DICABLE, that may be judged or tried; JU'DIC[=A]TIVE, having power to judge; JU'DIC[=A]TORY, pertaining to a judge: distributing justice.--_n._ distribution of justice: a tribunal.
JUDICIAL, j[=oo]-dish'al, _adj._ pertaining to a judge or court of justice: established by statute.--_adv._ JUDIC'IALLY.--JUDICIAL COMMITTEE, an offshoot of the Privy Council, forming a court of appeal; JUDICIAL FACTOR, in Scotland, an administrator appointed by the courts to manage the estate of some one under some imperfection; JUDICIAL SEPARATION, the separation of two married persons by order of the Divorce Court. [L.
_judicialis_--_judicium_.]
JUDICIARY, j[=oo]-dish'i-ar-i, _n._ the judges taken collectively.--_adj._ pertaining to the courts of law: passing judgment. [L. _judiciarius_.]
JUDICIOUS, j[=oo]-dish'us, _adj._ according to sound judgment: possessing sound judgment: discreet.--_adv._ JUDIC'IOUSLY.--_n._ JUDIC'IOUSNESS. [Fr.
_judicieux_--Low L. _judiciosus_--L. _judicium_.]
JUDY, j[=oo]'di, _n._ Punch's wife in the puppet-show: a native Chinese strumpet. [Corr. of _Judith_.]
JUG, jug, _n._ a large vessel with a swelling body and narrow mouth for liquors.--_v.t._ to boil or stew as in a jug:--_pr.p._ jug'ging; _pa.p._ jugged.--JUGGED HARE (see HARE); STONE JUG (_slang_), jail. [Prob. _Judy_, jocularly applied to a drinking-vessel; cf. _Jack_ and _Jill_ in a like sense.]
JUG, jug, _v.i._ to utter the sound _jug_, as certain birds, esp. the nightingale.--_n._ JUG-JUG. [Imit.]
JUGAL, j[=oo]'gal, _adj._ malar: joining, uniting.--_n._ a bone of the zygomatic arch, malar bone.
JUGATE, -D, j[=oo]'g[=a]t, -ed, _adj._ (_bot._) having the leaflets in pairs: joined as jugata on a coin, &c.--_n.pl._ JU'GATA, heads shown side by side or overlapping.
JUGGERNAUT, jug'er-nawt, _n._ an idol of the Hindu god Vishnu, beneath whose car devotees were supposed to immolate themselves; hence the 'car of Juggernaut' stands metaphorically for any Moloch of self-sacrifice. [Sans.
_Jagann[=a]tha_, lord of the world.]
JUGGINS, jug'ginz, _n._ (_slang_) a simpleton.
JUGGLE, jug'l, _v.i._ to joke or jest: to amuse by sleight-of-hand: to conjure: to practise artifice or imposture.--_n._ a trick by sleight-of-hand: an imposture.--_ns._ JUGG'LER, one who performs tricks by sleight-of-hand: a trickish fellow; JUGG'LERY, art or tricks of a juggler: legerdemain: trickery.--_adv._ JUGG'LINGLY, in a deceptive manner. [O. Fr.
_jogler_--L. _jocul[=a]ri_, to jest--_jocus_, a jest.]
JUGLANS, j[=oo]'glanz, _n._ a genus of the walnut family.
JUGULAR, jug'[=u]-lar, _adj._ pertaining to the collar-bone, which joins the neck and shoulders.--_n._ one of the large veins on each side of the neck. [L. _jugulum_, the collar-bone--_jung[)e]re_, to join.]
JUICE, j[=oo]s, _n._ the sap of vegetables: the fluid part of animal bodies.--_adj._ JUICE'LESS.--_n._ JUIC'INESS.--_adj._ JUIC'Y. [Fr.,--L.
_jus_, broth, lit. mixture.]
JUJUBE, j[=oo]'j[=oo]b, _n._ a genus of spiny shrubs or small trees, the fruit of which is dried as a sweetmeat: a lozenge made of sugar and gum.
[Fr.,--L. _zizyphum_--Gr. _zizyphon_--Pers. _z[=i]zfun_, the jujube-tree.]
JULEP, j[=oo]'lep, _n._ a pleasant liquid medicine in which other nauseous medicines are taken.--Also JU'LAP. [Fr.,--Sp. _julepe_--Ar.
_j[=u]l[=a]b_--Pers. _j[=u]l[=a]b_.]
JULIAN, j[=oo]l'yan, _adj._ pertaining to C. _Julius_ Caesar (B.C.
100-44).--JULIAN YEAR (see YEAR).
JULIENNE, zhu-li-en', _n._ a clear soup, with shredded herbs. [_Julien_, a French cook in Boston.]
JULY, j[=oo]'l[=i], _n._ the seventh month of the year--from Caius _Julius_ Caesar, who was born in it.
JUMART, j[=oo]'mart, _n._ the offspring of a bull and a mare, or horse and cow. [Fr.,--L. _jumentum_.]
JUMBLE, jum'bl, _v.t._ to mix confusedly: to throw together without order.--_v.i._ to be mixed together confusedly: to be agitated: to jump at, to accept eagerly.--_n._ a confused mixture.--_n._ JUM'BLE-SALE, a charity bazaar of cast-off clothing, rubbish, &c.--_adv._ JUM'BLINGLY, in a jumbled or confused manner. [Prob. a freq. of _jump_.]
JUMBO, jum'b[=o], _n._ a colossus.--_adj._ huge, colossal. [Name of a huge elephant sold in 1882 from the London Zoological Gardens to P. T. Barnum.]
JUMP, jump, _v.i._ to spring upward, or forward, or both: to bound: to pass to as by a leap: to agree, coincide (_with_).--_v.t._ to pass by a leap: to skip over: to cause to start, as game:--_pr.p._ jump'ing; _pa.p._ jumped.--_n._ act of jumping: a bound, a hazard.--_adv._ (_Shak._) exactly.--_ns._ JUMP'ER, one who jumps: a long iron drill or borer used in quarries and mines: (_pl._) a term applied to certain Welsh Methodists (c.
1760), who jumped about in worship: JUMP'ING-DEER, the black-tailed American deer; JUMP'ING-HARE, a South African rodent, akin to the jerboas; JUMP'-SEAT, a carriage-seat which may be moved backwards or forwards, so as to be used as single or double: a carriage with a movable seat; COUNT'ER-JUMP'ER, a draper's shopman.--JUMP A CLAIM (_U.S._), to take land to which another already holds a claim; JUMP AT, to embrace with eagerness; JUMP ONE'S BAIL, to abscond, forfeiting one's bail; JUMP OVER, to disregard, omit; JUMP OVER THE BROOMSTICK, to make an irregular marriage.
[From a Teut. root seen in Sw. dial. _gumpa_, Middle High Ger. _gumpen_, to jump.]
JUMP, jump, JUMPER, jump'er, _n._ a loose garment: overall. [More prob. a thing to be _jumped_ or slipped on, than from Fr. _jupe_, a petticoat, skirt.]
JUNCACEOUS, jun-k[=a]'shus, _adj._ of or pertaining to the _Juncaceae_, a natural order of plants, of which the JUN'CUS, or rush, is the type.
JUNCATE, jungk'[=a]t, _n._ Same as JUNKET.
JUNCO, jung'k[=o], _n._ a North American snow-bird.
JUNCTION, jungk'shun, _n._ a joining, a union or combination: place or point of union. [_Join_.]
JUNCTURE, jungk't[=u]r, _n._ a joining, a union: a critical or important point of time. [L. _junctura_.]
JUNE, j[=oo]n, _n._ the sixth month, originally of 26 days, but since Julius Caesar's time of 30. [L. _Junius_, the sixth month, prob. from root of L. _juvenis_, junior.]
JUNEATING, an erroneous form of _jenneting_.
JUNGERMANNIA, joong-ger-man'i-a, _n._ (_bot._) a suborder of _Hepaticae_.
[From a German botanist, _Jungermann_ (1572-1653).]
JUNGLE, jung'gl, _n._ land covered with thick brushwood, &c.--_ns._ JUNGLE-F[=E]'VER, a severe malarial or remittent fever; JUNG'LE-FOWL, a wild species of genus _Gallus_, the parent of our barn-door fowl.--_adj._ JUNG'LY. [Sans. _jangala_, desert.]
JUNIOR, j[=oo]n'yur, _adj._ younger: less advanced.--_n._ one younger or less advanced.--_ns._ JUNIOR'ITY, JUN'IORSHIP; JUN'IOR-RIGHT, borough-English (q.v.).--JUNIOR OPTIME, a third-class honours man at Cambridge, next to Wranglers and Senior Optimes; JUNIOR SOPH, an undergraduate of the second year at Cambridge. [Contr. of L. _juvenior_, younger--_juvenis_, young.]
JUNIPER, j[=oo]'ni-p[.e]r, _n._ an evergreen shrub, the berries of which are used in making gin. [L. _juniperus_--_juvenis_, young, _par[)e]re_, to bring forth.]
JUNK, jungk, _n._ a Chinese vessel, with high forecastle and poop, sometimes large and three-masted. [Port. _junco_--Chinese _chw'an_, a boat.]
JUNK, jungk, _n._ pieces of old cordage, used for making mats, &c., and when picked to pieces, forming oakum for the seams of ships: salt meat supplied to vessels for long voyages, so called because it becomes as hard as old rope.--_ns._ JUNK'-DEAL'ER, JUNK'MAN, a dealer in junk; JUNK'-RING, a metal ring confining a fibrous piston-packing; JUNK'-SHOP, a place where junk is bought and sold. [L. _juncus_, a rush.]
JUNK, jungk, _n._ a thick piece, chunk. [_Chunk_.]
JUNK-BOTTLE, junk'bot-l, _n._ a thick, strong bottle, of green or black glass.