HURST, hurst, _n._ a wood, a grove. [A.S. _hyrst_.]
HURT, hurt, _v.t._ to cause bodily pain to: to damage: to wound, as the feelings.--_v.i._ to give pain, &c.:--_pa.t._ and _pa.p._ hurt.--_n._ a wound: injury.--_n._ HURT'ER, that which hurts: a beam at the lower end of a gun-platform to save the parapet: a piece of iron or wood fixed to the top-rails of a gun-carriage to check its motion: the shoulder of an axle against which the hub strikes.--_adj._ HURT'FUL, causing hurt or loss: mischievous.--_adv._ HURT'FULLY.--_n._ HURT'FULNESS.--_adj._ HURT'LESS, without hurt or injury, harmless.--_adv._ HURT'LESSLY.--_n._ HURT'LESSNESS.
[O. Fr. _hurter_ (Fr. _heurter_), to knock, to run against; prob. from the Celtic, as in W. _hwrdd_, a thrust, the butt of a ram, Corn. _hordh_, a ram.]
HURTLE, hurt'l, _v.t._ to dash against: to move violently: to clash: to rattle.--_v.i._ to move rapidly with a whirring sound. [Freq. of _hurt_ in its original sense.]
HURTLEBERRY, a form of _whortleberry_.
HUSBAND, huz'band, _n._ a married man: (_B._) a man to whom a woman is betrothed: one who manages affairs with prudence: (_naut._) the owner of a ship who manages its concerns in person.--_v.t._ to supply with a husband: to manage with economy.--_n._ HUS'BANDAGE, allowance or commission of a ship's husband.--_adjs._ HUS'BANDLESS (_Shak._), without a husband; HUS'BANDLY, frugal, thrifty.--_ns._ HUS'BANDMAN, a working farmer: one who labours in tillage; HUS'BANDRY, the business of a farmer: tillage: economical management: thrift. [M. E. _husbonde_--A.S. _husbonda_, Ice.
_husbondi_--_hus_, a house, _buandi_, inhabiting, pr.p. of Ice. _bua_, to dwell. Cf. Ger. _bauen_, to till.]
HUSH, hush, _interj._ or _imper._ silence! be still!--_adj._ silent: quiet.--_v.t._ to make quiet: (_min._) to clear off soil, &c., overlying the bed-rock.--_ns._ HUSH'ABY, a lullaby used to soothe babies to sleep; HUSH'-MON'EY, money given as a bribe to hush or make one keep silent.--HUSH UP, to stifle, suppress: to be silent. [Imit. Cf. _hist_ and _whist_.]
HUSK, husk, _n._ the dry, thin covering of certain fruits and seeds: (_pl._) refuse, waste.--_v.t._ to remove the husk or outer integument from.--_adj._ HUSKED, covered with a husk: stripped of husks.--_ns._ HUSK'ER, one who husks Indian corn, esp. at a husking-bee; HUSK'ING, the stripping of husks: a festive gathering to assist in husking Indian corn (maize)--also HUSK'ING-BEE. [M. E. _huske_, orig. with _l_, as in cog. Ger.
_hulse_, Dut. _hulse_, &c.]
HUSKY, husk'i, _adj._ hoarse, as the voice: rough in sound.--_adv._ HUSK'ILY.--_n._ HUSK'INESS. [A corr. of _husty_, from M. E. _host_ (Scot.
_hoast_, _host_, a cough)--A.S. _hwosta_, a cough; cf. Ger. _husten_.]
HUSO, h[=u]'so, _n._ the great sturgeon.
HUSSAR, hooz-zar', _n._ a light-armed cavalry soldier: (_orig._) a soldier of the national cavalry of Hungary. [Not Hung. _huszar_--_husz_, twenty, because at one time in Hungary one cavalry soldier used to be levied from every twenty families; but Slav. _hussar_, gooseherd, the sobriquet of the raiding horse of Matthias Corvinus (1443-90).]
HUSSIF. See HOUSEWIFE. [Contr. of _housewife_.]
HUSSITE, hus's[=i]t, _n._ a follower of the Bohemian reformer, John _Hus_, martyred in 1415.
HUSSY, huz'i, _n._ a pert girl: a worthless wench.
HUSTINGS, hus'tingz, _n.sing._ the principal court of the city of London: formerly the booths where the votes were taken at an election of an M.P., or the platform from which the candidates gave their addresses. [A.S.
_husting_, a council, but a Scand. word, and used in speaking of the Danes--Ice. _husthing_--_hus_, a house, _thing_, an assembly.]
HUSTLE, hus'l, _v.t._ to shake or push together: to crowd with violence.--_n._ HUS'TLER, an energetic fellow. [Old Dut. _hutsen_, _hutselen_, to shake to and fro; cf. _hotchpotch_.]
HUSWIFE. See HOUSEWIFE.
HUT, hut, _n._ a small or mean house: (_mil._) a small temporary dwelling.--_v.t._ (_mil._) to place in huts, as quarters:--_pr.p._ hut'ting; _pa.p._ hut'ted. [Fr. _hutte_--Old High Ger. _hutta_ (Ger.
_hutte_).]
HUTCH, huch, _n._ a box, a chest: a coop for rabbits: a baker's kneading-trough: a trough used with some ore-dressing machines: a low wagon in which coal is drawn up out of the pit.--_v.i._ (_Milt._) to hoard up.
[Fr. _huche_, a chest--Low L. _hutica_, a box; prob. Teut.]
HUTCHINSONIAN, huch-in-s[=o]n'i-an, _n._ a follower of John _Hutchinson_ (1674-1737), who held that the Hebrew Scriptures contain typically the elements of all rational philosophy, natural history, and true religion.
HUTTONIAN, hut-[=o]'ni-an, _adj._ relating to the views of James _Hutton_ (1726-97), who emphasised natural agencies in the formation of the earth's crust.
HUZZA, hooz-za', _interj._ and _n._ hurrah! a shout of joy or approbation.--_v.t._ to attend with shouts of joy.--_v.i._ to utter shouts of joy or acclamation:--_pr.p._ huzza'ing; _pa.p._ huzzaed (-zad'). [Ger.
_hussa_; the same as _hurrah_.]
HYACINE, h[=i]'a-sin, _n._ (_Spens._) the hyacinth.
HYACINTH, h[=i]'a-sinth, _n._ a bulbous-rooted flower of a great variety of colours: (_myth._) a flower which sprang from the blood of Hyacinthus, a youth killed by Apollo with a quoit: a precious stone, the jacinth.--_adj._ HYACIN'THINE, consisting of or resembling hyacinth: very beautiful, like Hyacinthus: curling like the hyacinth. [Doublet of _jacinth_.]
HYADES, h[=i]'a-d[=e]z, HYADS, h[=i]'adz, _n._ a cluster of five stars in the constellation of the Bull, supposed by the ancients to bring rain when they rose with the sun. [Gr. _hyades_, explained by the ancients as from _hyein_, to rain; more prob.=little pigs, _hys_, a pig.]
HYaeNA, HYENA, h[=i]-[=e]'na, _n._ a bristly-maned quadruped of the dog kind, so named from its likeness to the sow.--LAUGHING HYaeNA, the tiger-wolf or spotted hyaena of South Africa, emitting at times a sound somewhat like hysterical laughter. [L.,--Gr. _hyaina_--_hys_, a sow.]
HYALINE, h[=i]'a-lin, _adj._ glassy: consisting of or like glass.--_n._ a glassy transparent surface.--_n._ HYALES'CENCE, the process of becoming glassy.--_adj._ HYALES'CENT.--_ns._ HY'ALITE, a variety of opal like colourless gum; HYAL[=I]T'IS, inflammation of the vitreous humour; HYALOG'RAPHY, the art of engraving on glass.--_adj._ HY'ALOID, hyaline, transparent. [Gr. _hyalinos_--_hyalos_, glass, prob. Egyptian.]
HYBERNATE, &c. See HIBERNATE, &c.
HYBLaeAN, hi-bl[=e]'an, _adj._ pertaining to ancient _Hybla_ in Sicily, noted for its honey.
HYBRID, h[=i]'brid, or hib'-, _n._ an animal or plant produced from two different species: a mongrel: a mule: a word formed of elements from different languages.--_adjs._ HY'BRID, HYB'RIDOUS, produced from different species: mongrel.--_adj._ HY'BRIDISABLE.--_n._ HYBRIDIS[=A]'TION.--_v.t._ and _v.i._ HY'BRIDISE, to cause to interbreed, and to interbreed.---_ns._ HYBRIDIS'ER; HY'BRIDISM, HYBRID'ITY, state of being hybrid. [Fr.,--L.
_hibrida_, a mongrel.]
HYDATID, h[=i]'d[=a]-tid, _n._ a watery cyst or vesicle sometimes found in animal bodies.--_n._ HY'DATISM, the sound caused by the fluctuation of pus in an abscess.--_adj._ HYD'ATOID, watery, aqueous. [Gr. _hydatis_, a watery vesicle--_hyd[=o]r_, _hydatos_, water.]
HYDRA, h[=i]'dra, _n._ (_myth._) a water-serpent with many heads, which when cut off were succeeded by others: any manifold evil: a genus of fresh-water polyps remarkable for their power of multiplication by being cut or divided.--_adjs._ HY'DRA-HEAD'ED, difficulty to root out, springing up vigorously again and again; HY'DROID, like the hydra. [L.,--Gr.
_hydra_--_hyd[=o]r_, water, akin to Sans. _udras_, an otter.]
HYDRAGOGUE, h[=i]'dra-g[=o]g, _n._ a very active purgative, such as jalap.
[Gr. _hyd[=o]r_, water, _ag[=o]gos_, leading, _agein_, to lead.]
HYDRANGEA, h[=i]-dran'je-a, _n._ a genus of shrubby plants with large heads of showy flowers, natives of China and Japan. [Gr. _hyd[=o]r_, water, _anggeion_, vessel.]
HYDRANT, h[=i]'drant, _n._ a machine for discharging water: a water-plug.
[Gr. _hyd[=o]r_, water.]
HYDRATE, h[=i]'dr[=a]t, _n._ a compound formed by the union of water with an oxide.--_n._ HYDR[=A]'TION. [Gr. _hyd[=o]r_, water.]
HYDRAULIC, -AL, h[=i]-drawl'ik, -al, _adj._ relating to hydraulics: conveying water: worked by water.--_adv._ HYDRAUL'ICALLY.--_n.pl._ HYDRAUL'ICS, used as _sing._, the science of hydrodynamics in its practical application to water-pipes, &c.--HYDRAULIC BELT, an arrangement for lifting water, consisting of an endless belt fitted with buckets which discharge as they turn over an upper wheel; HYDRAULIC CEMENT, lime, a cement that sets or hardens under water; HYDRAULIC JACK, a jack or lifting apparatus, by means of oil, &c., pressed by a force-pump against a piston or plunger; HYDRAULIC MINING, a method of mining by which the auriferous detritus is washed down by a powerful jet of water into a sluice where the gold is easily separated; HYDRAULIC PRESS, a press operated by the differential pressure of water on pistons of different dimensions; HYDRAULIC RAM, an automatic pump worked by the pressure of a column of water in a pipe, and the force acquired by intermittent motion of the column. [From Gr.
_hyd[=o]r_, water, _aulos_, a pipe.]
HYDRIA, h[=i]'dri-a, _n._ a large Greek water-vase.--_n._ HY'DRIAD, a water-nymph.
HYDRID, h[=i]'drid, _n._ (_chem._) a substance consisting of hydrogen combined with an element or some compound radical.--_n._ HY'DRIODATE, a salt of hydriodic acid.--_adj._ HYDRIOD'IC, produced by the combination of hydrogen and iodine.
HYDROBAROMETER, h[=i]-dro-ba-rom'e-ter, _n._ an instrument for determining the depth of the sea by the pressure of the superincumbent water.
HYDROBROMIC, h[=i]-dro-br[=o]'mik, _adj._ compounded of bromine and hydrogen.--_n._ HYDROBR[=O]'MATE, a salt of hydrobromic acid--same as _bromide_; also _Bromhydrate_.
HYDROCARBON, h[=i]-dro-kar'bon, _n._ a compound of hydrogen and carbon.--HYDROCARBON FURNACE, a furnace in which liquid fuel, as petroleum, is used.
HYDROCELE, h[=i]'dro-s[=e]l, _n._ (_med._) a swelling consisting of a collection of serous fluid in the scrotum or in some of the coverings of the testicle or spermatic cord. [Gr. _hyd[=o]r_, water, _k[=e]l[=e]_, a swelling.]
HYDROCEPHALUS, h[=i]-dro-sef'a-lus, _n._ an accumulation of serous fluid within the cranial cavity, either in the sub-dural space or the ventricles: water in the head: dropsy of the brain.--_adjs._ HYDROCEPHAL'IC, HYDROCEPH'ALOID, HYDROCEPH'ALOUS. [Gr. _hyd[=o]r_, water, _kephal[=e]_, the head.]