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BY, b[=i], _prep._ at the side of: near to: through, denoting the agent, cause, means, &c.--_adv._ near: passing near: in presence of: aside, away.--_adv._ BY'-AND-BY, soon, presently.--_ns._ BY'-BLOW, a side blow: an illegitimate child; BY'-COR'NER, an out-of-the-way place; BY'-DRINK'ING (_Shak._), drinking between meals; BY'-ELEC'TION, a parliamentary election during the sitting of parliament: BY'-END, a subsidiary aim; BY'-FORM, a form of a word slightly varying from it; BY'-G[=O]'ING, the action of passing by, esp. IN THE BY-GOING.--_adj._ BY'GONE.--_ns._ BY'-LANE, a side lane or passage out of the common road; BY'-M[=O]'TIVE, an unavowed motive; BY'NAME, a nickname; BY'-PASS'AGE, a side passage.--_adj._ BY'-PAST (_Shak._), past: gone by.--_ns._ BY'PATH, a side path; BY'-PLACE, a retired place; BY'PLAY, a scene carried on, subordinate to and apart from the main part of the play; BY'-PR[=O]'DUCT, an accessory product resulting from some specific process or manufacture; BY'ROAD, a retired side road; BY'ROOM (_Shak._), a side or private room; BY'-SPEECH, a casual speech; BY'STANDER, one who stands by or near one--hence a looker-on; BY'-STREET, an obscure street; BY'-THING, a thing of minor importance; BY'-TIME, leisure time; BY'WAY, a private and obscure way; BY'WORD, a common saying: a proverb: an object of common derision; BY'WORK, work for leisure hours.--BY-THE-BY, BY THE WAY, in passing.--LET BYGONES BE BYGONES, let the past alone. [A.S.

_bi_, _big_; Ger. _bei_, L. _ambi_.]

BY, BYE, b[=i], _n._ anything of minor importance, a side issue, a thing not directly aimed at: the condition of being odd, as opposed to _even_, the state of being left without a competitor, as in tennis, &c.: in cricket, a run stolen by the batsman on the ball passing the wicket-keeper and long-stop, the batsman not having struck the ball.--BY-THE-BYE, or -BY, incidentally, by the way.

BYCOCKET, b[=i]'kok-et, _n._ a turned-up peaked cap worn by noble persons in the 15th century--sometimes erroneously _abacot_. [O. Fr. _bicoquet_, prob. _bi-_ (L. _bis_), double, _coque_, a shell.]

BYDE, b[=i]d, _v.i._ Same as BIDE.

BYLANDER, obsolete form of BILANDER.

BYLAW, BYE-LAW, b[=i]'-law, _n._ the law of a city, town, or private corporation: a supplementary law or regulation. [The same as BYRLAW, from Ice. _byarlog_, Dan. _by-lov_, town-law; Scot. _bir-law_; from Ice. _bua_, to dwell. See BOWER. _By_, town, is the suffix in many place-names. The _by_ in bylaw is generally confused with the preposition.]

BYNEMPT, b[=i]-nempt', _pa.t._ of obsolete verb _Bename_ (_Spens._), named.

[A.S. pfx. _by-_, _be-_, and _nemnen_, to name. See NAME.]

BYOUS, b[=i]'us, _adj._ (_Scot._) extraordinary.--_adv._ BY'OUSLY.

BYRE, b[=i]r, _n._ (_Scot._) a cow-house. [A.S. _bre_ _pl._ dwellings--_bur_, a bower. See BOWER.]

BYRLADY, bir-l[=a]'di, contraction for _By our Lady_.

BYRLAW, bir'law, _n._ a sort of popular jurisprudence formerly in use in Scotland, in villages and among husbandmen, concerning neighbourhood to be kept among themselves.--_n._ BYR'LAW-MAN, still in parts of Scotland, an arbiter, oddsman, or umpire. [A.S. _burh_, a borough.]

BYRONIC, b[=i]-ron'ik, _adj._ possessing the characteristics of Lord _Byron_ (1788-1824), or of his poetry, overstrained in sentiment or passion, cynical and libertine.--_adv._ BYRON'ICALLY.--_n._ BY'RONISM.

BYSSOLITE, bis'o-l[=i]t, _n._ an olive-green variety of actinolite, in long crystals.--Also AMIAN'TUS. [Gr. _byssos_, byssus, _lithos_, stone.]

BYSSUS, bis'us, _n._ a fine yellowish flax, and the linen made from it: the bundle of fine silky filaments by which many shellfish attach themselves to rocks, &c.: a genus of cryptogamic plants of a silky fibrous texture found on decaying wood, in mines, &c., and other dark places.--_adjs._ BYSSIF'EROUS, bearing or having a byssus; BYSS'INE, made of fine linen.

[L.--Gr. _byssos_, a fine flaxen or silky substance.]

BYZANT, biz'ant. Same as BEZANT.

BYZANTINE, biz-an't[=i]n, biz'-, _adj._ relating to _Byzantium_ or Constantinople.--_n._ an inhabitant thereof.--_n._ BYZAN'TINISM, the manifestation of Byzantine characteristics.--BYZANTINE ARCHITECTURE, the style prevalent in the Eastern Empire down to 1453, marked by the round arch springing from columns or piers, the dome supported upon pendentives, capitals elaborately sculptured, mosaic or other incrustations, &c.; BYZANTINE CHURCH, the Eastern or Greek Church; BYZANTINE EMPIRE, the Eastern or Greek Empire from 395 A.D. to 1453; BYZANTINE HISTORIANS, the series of Greek chroniclers of the affairs of the Byzantine Empire down to its fall in 1453.

[Illustration]

the third letter of our alphabet, originally having the sound of _g_, then of _k_, and finally, in some languages, equivalent to _s_: (_mus._) name of one of the notes of the gamut, also the sound on which the system is founded--the scale C major has neither flats nor sharps, and therefore is called the _natural scale_.

CAABA, ka'a-ba, _n._ the Moslem Holy of Holies, a square building at Mecca, containing the famous Black Stone built into the south-east corner at a height convenient for being kissed. [Ar.]

CAAING-WHALE, ka'ing-hw[=a]l, _n._ one of the Cetacea, in the dolphin family, very gregarious, and oftener stranded than any other 'whale'--16 to 24 feet long, and 10 feet in girth. Other names are _Pilot-whale_, _Black-fish_, _Social Whale_, _Grindhval_. [Scot. _ca_, to drive.]

CAB, kab, _n._ a public carriage of various sizes and shapes, with two or four wheels, drawn by one horse.--_ns._ CAB'BY, a shortened form of CAB'MAN, one who drives a cab for hire; CAB'-STAND, a place where cabs stand for hire; CAB'-TOUT, one whose business it is to call cabs.--CABMEN'S SHELTER, a place of shelter for cabmen while waiting for hire. [Shortened from CABRIOLET.]

CAB, kab, _n._ a Hebrew dry measure = nearly three pints. [Heb.

_kab_--_kabab_, to hollow.]

CABAL, ka-bal', _n._ a small party united for some secret design: the plot itself: a name in English history esp. given to five unpopular ministers of Charles II. (1672), whose initials happened to make up the word.--_v.i._ to form a party for a secret purpose: to plot:--_pr.p._ cabal'ling.--_n._ CABAL'LER, a plotter or intriguer. [Fr. _cabale_; from CABALA.]

CABALLERO, ka-ba-ly[=a]'r[=o], _n._ a Spanish gentleman: a Spanish dance.

CABALLINE, kab'a-lin, _adj._ pertaining to, or suited to, a horse. [L.

_caballinus_--_caballus_, a horse.]

CABARET, kab'a-ret, _n._ a small tavern. [Fr., prob. for _cabanaret_--_cabane_, a hut.]

CABAS, CABA, kab'a, _n._ a woman's work-basket or reticule: a rush basket or pannier. [Fr.]

CABBAGE, kab'[=a]j, _n._ a well-known kitchen vegetable.--_ns._ CABB'AGE-BUTT'ERFLY, a large butterfly whose larvae injure the leaves of cabbage and other cruciferous plants; CABB'AGE-MOTH, a moth whose larva feeds on the cabbage; CABB'AGE-PALM, CABB'AGE-TREE, a name given in different countries to different species of palm, the great terminal bud of which is eaten cooked like cabbage, or sometimes also raw in salads; CABB'AGE-ROSE, a species of rose which has a thick form like a cabbage-head; CABB'AGE-WORM, the larva of the cabbage-butterfly or of the cabbage-moth. [Fr. _caboche_, head (_choux cabus_, a cabbage); from L.

_caput_, the head.]

CABBAGE, kab'[=a]j, _v.t._ and _v.i._ to purloin, esp. a tailor of portions of a customer's cloth.--_n._ cloth so appropriated.

CABBALA, CABALA, kab'a-la, _n._ a secret science of the Jewish rabbis for the interpretation of the hidden sense of Scripture, claimed to be handed down by oral tradition.--_ns._ CABB'ALISM, the science of the cabbala; CABB'ALIST, one versed in the cabbala.--_adjs._ CABBALIST'IC, -AL, relating to the cabbala: having a hidden meaning. [Heb. _qabb[=a]l[=a]h_, tradition, _qibb[=e]l_, to receive.]

CABER, k[=a]b'[.e]r, _n._ a pole, generally the stem of a young tree, which is poised and tossed or hurled by Highland athletes. [Gael.]

CABIN, kab'in, _n._ a hut or cottage: a small room, esp. in a ship, for officers or passengers--hence CAB'IN-PASS'ENGER, one paying for superior accommodation.--_v.t._ to shut up in a cabin.--_v.i._ to dwell in a cabin.--_n._ CAB'IN-BOY, a boy who waits on the officers or those who live in the cabin of a ship. [Fr. _cabane_--Low L. _capanna_.]

CABINET, kab'in-et, _n._ (_obs._) a little cabin or hut: (_Shak._) the bed or nest of a beast or bird: a small room, closet, or private apartment: a case of drawers for articles of value: a private room for consultation, esp. a king's--hence THE CABINET, a limited number of the chief ministers who govern England, being the leaders of the majority in parliament.--_ns._ CAB'INET-COUN'CIL, a council or consultation of the members of the Cabinet; CAB'INET-EDI'TION (of a book), one less in size and price than a library edition, but still elegant in format; CAB'INET-MAK'ER, a maker of cabinets and other fine furniture; CAB'INET-PH[=O]'TOGRAPH, one of the size larger than a carte-de-visite. [Dim. of CABIN; cf. mod. Fr. _cabinet_.]

CABIRI, ka-b[=i]'r[=i], _n.pl._ ancient divinities of Semitic origin, associated with fire and creative energy, worshipped in mysteries in Lemnos, Samothrace, and Indros--also CABEI'RI.--_adjs._ CABIR'IAN, CABIR'IC.

CABLE, k[=a]'bl, _n._ a strong rope or chain which ties anything, esp. a ship to her anchor: a nautical measure of 100 fathoms; a cable for submarine telegraphs composed of wires embedded in gutta-percha and encased in coiled strands of iron wire; a bundle of insulated wires laid underground in a street: a cable-message.--_v.t._ to provide with a cable, to tie up: to transmit a message, or to communicate with any one by submarine telegram.--_ns._ C[=A]'BLEGRAM, a message sent by submarine telegraph cable; C[=A]'BLE-MOULD'ING, a bead or moulding carved in imitation of a thick rope; C[=A]'BLING, a bead or moulding like a thick rope, often worked in flutes: the filling of flutes with a moulding like a cable.--SLIP THE CABLE, to let it run out. [Fr.--Low L. _caplum_, a halter--_cap-[)e]re_, to hold.]

CABOB, ka-bob', _n._ an Oriental dish of pieces of meat roasted with herbs: roast meat generally in India. [Ar. _kab[=a]b_.]

CABOCHED, CABOSHED, ka-bosht', _adj._ (_her._) bearing the head of an animal, with only the face seen. [Fr. _caboche_--L. _caput_, head.]

CABOCHON, ka-b[=o]-shong, _n._ a precious stone polished but uncut.--EN CABOCHON, rounded on top and flat on back, without facets--garnets, moonstone, &c. [Fr.]

CABOODLE, ka-b[=oo]'dl, _n._ (_slang_) crowd, company.

CABOOSE, ka-b[=oo]s', _n._ the kitchen or cooking-stove of a ship. [Dut.

_kombuis_; cf. Ger. _kabuse_.]

CABRIOLE. See CAPRIOLE.

CABRIOLET, kab-ri-[=o]-l[=a]', _n._ a covered carriage with two or four wheels drawn by one horse. [Fr. See CAPRIOLE. By 1830 shortened into CAB.]

CACAO, ka-k[=a]'o, ka-ka'o, _n._ the chocolate-tree, from the seeds of which chocolate is made. [Mex. _cacauatl_.]

CACHaeMIA, CACHEMIA, ka-k[=e]'mi-a, _n._ a morbid state of the blood.--_adj._ CACH[=E]'MIC. [Gr. _kakos_, bad, _haima_, blood.]

CACHALOT, kash'a-lot, _n._ the sperm-whale. [Fr.]

CACHE, kash, _n._ a hiding-place for treasure, for stores of provisions, ammunition, &c.: the stores themselves so hidden.--_v.t._ to hide anything.--_n._ CACHE'POT, an ornamental flower-pot enclosing a common one of earthenware. [Fr. _cacher_, to hide.]

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