ATILT, a-tilt', _adv._ on tilt: as a tilter.
ATIMY, at'i-mi, _n._ loss of honour: in ancient Athens, loss of civil rights, public disgrace. [Gr. _atimia_--_a_, neg., _tim[=e]_, honour.]
ATKINS. See TOMMY ATKINS.
ATLANTEAN, at-lan-t[=e]'an, _adj._ relating to or like _Atlas_, gigantic: also relating to ATLAN'TIS, according to ancient tradition, a vast island in the Atlantic Ocean, or to Bacon's ideal commonwealth of that name. [See ATLAS.]
ATLANTES, at-lan't[=e]z, _n.pl._ figures of men used instead of columns.
[From ATLAS.]
ATLANTIC, at-lan'tik, _adj._ pertaining to Atlas, or to the Atlantic Ocean.--_n._ the ocean between Europe, Africa, and America. [From Mount _Atlas_, in the north-west of Africa, named from the Titan, Atlas.]
ATLAS, at'las, _n._ that piece of the human vertebral column which articulates with the skull, so called because it supports the head: a collection of maps. [Gr. _Atlas_, _Atlantis_, a Titan who bore the world on his shoulders, and whose figure used to be given on the title-page of atlases.]
ATLAS, at'las, _n._ a kind of silk-satin manufactured in the East. [Ar.]
ATMOLOGY, at-mol'o-ji, _n._ the science of the phenomena of aqueous vapour.--_n._ ATMOL'OGIST. [Gr. _atmos_, vapour, and _logia_, discourse--_legein_, to speak.]
ATMOLYSIS, at-mol'i-sis, _n._ a method of separating a mixture of gases by taking advantage of their different rates of passage through a porous septum. [Gr. _atmos_, vapour, and _lysis_, loosing--_lyein_, to loose.]
ATMOMETER, at-mom'e-t[.e]r, _n._ an instrument for measuring the rate of evaporation from a moist surface. [Gr. _atmos_, vapour, and METER.]
ATMOSPHERE, at'mo-sf[=e]r, _n._ the gaseous envelope that surrounds the earth or any of the heavenly bodies: any gaseous medium: a conventional unit of atmospheric pressure: (_fig._) any surrounding influence.--_adjs._ ATMOSPHER'IC, -AL, of or depending on the atmosphere.--_adv._ ATMOSPHER'ICALLY.--ATMOSPHERIC ENGINE, a variety of steam-engine in which the steam is admitted only to the under side of the piston; ATMOSPHERIC HAMMER, a hammer driven by means of compressed air; ATMOSPHERIC RAILWAY, a railway where the motive-power is derived from the pressure of the atmosphere acting on a piston working in an iron tube of uniform bore. [Gr.
_atmos_, air, _sphaira_, a sphere.]
ATOLL, a-tol', or at'ol, _n._ a coral island consisting of a circular belt of coral enclosing a central lagoon. [A Malay word.]
ATOM, at'om, _n._ a particle of matter so small that it cannot be cut or divided, the unit of matter; anything very small.--_adjs._ ATOM'IC, -AL, pertaining to atoms.--_ns._ ATOMIC'ITY; ATOMIS[=A]'TION (_med._) the reduction of liquids to the form of spray; AT'OMISM, the doctrine that atoms arranged themselves into the universe: the atomic theory; AT'OMIST, one who believes in atomism.--_adj._ ATOMIS'TIC.--_adv._ ATOMIST'ICALLY.--_n._ AT'OMY, an atom, or mote: (_Shak._) a pygmy.--ATOMIC PHILOSOPHY, a system of philosophy enunciated by Democritus, which taught that the ultimate constituents of all things are indivisible particles, differing in form and in their relations to each other; ATOMIC THEORY, the hypothesis that all chemical combinations take place between the ultimate particles of bodies, uniting each atom to atom, or in proportions expressed by some simple multiple of the number of atoms. [Gr. _atomos_--_a_, not, _temnein_, _tamein_, to cut. See ATOM.]
ATOMY, at'om-i, _n._ (_Shak._) a skeleton, walking skeleton. [Formerly also _atamy_ and _natomy_, for _anatomy_, mistakingly divided _an atomy_.]
ATONE, at-[=o]n', _adv._ (_Spens._) at one, at once, together. [M.E. also _attone_, earlier _atoon_, _aton_, _at one_, _at on_.]
ATONE, at-[=o]n', _v.i._ to give satisfaction or make reparation (with _for_): to make up for deficiencies: (_Shak._) to agree, be in accordance.--_v.t._ to appease, to expiate: (_arch._) harmonise, or reconcile.--_ns._ ATONE'MENT, the act of atoning; reconciliation: expiation: reparation: esp. (_theol._) the reconciliation of God and man by means of the incarnation and death of Christ; ATON'ER.--_adv._ ATON'INGLY.
[See ATONE, above.]
ATONY, at'on-i, _n._ want of tone or energy: debility: relaxation.--_adj._ AT'ONIC (_pros._), without tone: unaccented. [Gr. _atonia_--_a_, neg., _tonos_, tone, strength. See TONE.]
ATOP, a-top', _adv._ on or at the top. [Prep. _a_, and TOP.]
ATRABILIAR, at-ra-bil'i-ar, _adj._ of a melancholy temperament: hypochondriac: splenetic, acrimonious.--Also ATRABIL'IARY, ATRABIL'IOUS.
[L. _ater_, _atra_, black, _bilis_, gall, bile. See BILE.]
ATRAMENTAL, at-ra-men'tal, _adj._ (_Sir T. Browne_) inky, black. [From L.
_atramentum_, ink--_atra_, black.]
ATREMBLE, a-trem'bl, _adv._ trembling.
ATRIP, a-trip', _adv._ said of an anchor when it is just drawn out of the ground in a perpendicular direction--of a sail, when it is hoisted from the cap, sheeted home, and ready for trimming. [Prep. _a_, on, and TRIP.]
ATRIUM, [=a]'tri-um, _n._ the entrance-hall or chief apartment of a Roman house. [Prob. orig. the kitchen, and so lit. 'the apartment blackened with smoke'--L. _ater_, black; others connect the word with _aedes_, orig. a fireplace, then a house, a temple.]
ATROCIOUS, a-tr[=o]'shus, _adj._ extremely cruel or wicked: heinous: very grievous: execrable.--_adv._ ATR[=O]'CIOUSLY.--_ns._ ATR[=O]'CIOUSNESS; ATROC'ITY, atrociousness: an atrocious act. [L. _atrox_, _atrocis_, cruel--_ater_, black.]
ATROPAL, at'ro-pal, _adj._ (_bot._) not inverted. [Gr. _atropos_--_a_, neg., and _trepein_, to turn.]
ATROPHY, a'trof-i, _n._ an alteration of the vital processes in a living organism, either animal or vegetable, resulting in a diminution of size and functional activity of the whole organism (_general atrophy_), or of certain of its organs or tissues: emaciation.--_adjs._ ATROPH'IC, AT'ROPHIED. [Gr. _a_, neg., and _troph[=e]_, nourishment.]
ATROPIA, a-tr[=o]'pi-a, ATROPIN, ATROPINE, at'ro-pin, _n._ a poisonous alkaloid existing in the deadly nightshade.--_n._ AT'ROPISM, poisoning by atropin. [From Gr. _Atropos_, one of the _Fates_, who cuts the thread of life.]
ATTACH, at-tach', _v.t._ to bind or fasten: to seize: to gain over: to connect, associate: to join to in action or function: (_Shak._) to arrest.--_v.i._ to adhere, to be fastened upon: (_rare_) to come into effect.--_adj._ ATTACH'ABLE.--_p.adj._ ATTACHED', fastened, fixed, joined by taste or affection (with _to_), fond, devoted to.--_n._ ATTACH'MENT, a bond of fidelity or affection: the seizure of any one's goods or person by virtue of a legal process. [O. Fr. _atachier_, from _a_ (--L. _ad_), and the root of TACK (q.v.).]
ATTACHe, a-ta'sh[=a], _n._ a young diplomatist attached to the suite of an ambassador. [Participle of Fr. _attacher_, to attach.]
ATTACK, at-tak', _v.t._ to fall upon violently: to assault: to assail with unfriendly words or writing: to begin to affect, fall upon (of diseases).--_n._ an assault or onset: the offensive part in any contest: the beginning of active operations on anything, even dinner: severe criticism or calumny.--_adj._ ATTACK'ABLE. [Fr. _attaquer_. See ATTACH, of which it is a doublet.]
ATTAIN, at-t[=a]n', _v.t._ to reach or gain by effort: to obtain: to reach a place: to reach.--_v.i._ to come or arrive: to reach.--_adj._ ATTAIN'ABLE, that may be reached.--_ns._ ATTAIN'ABLENESS, ATTAINABIL'ITY; ATTAIN'MENT, act of attaining: the thing attained: acquisition: (_pl._) acquirements in learning. [O. Fr. _ataindre_--L. _atting-[)e]re_--_ad_, to, _tang-[)e]re_, to touch.]
ATTAINDER, at-t[=a]n'd[.e]r, _n._ act of attainting: (_law_) loss of civil rights through conviction for high-treason.--_v.t._ ATTAINT', to convict: to deprive of rights for being convicted of treason: to accuse of: disgrace, stain (from a fancied connection with _taint_).--_n._ (_arch._) the act of touching, a hit (in tilting): (_Shak._) infection: attainder: a stain, disgrace.--Older _pa.p._ ATTAINT'--(_Shak._) corrupted, tainted.--_ns._ ATTAINT'MENT, ATTAINT'URE, state of being attainted. [O.
Fr. _ataindre_--L. _atting-[)e]re_. See ATTAIN.]
ATTAR, at'ar, _n._ a very fragrant essential oil made in Turkey and other Eastern lands, chiefly from the damask rose.--Also OTTO. [Pers. _atar_.]
ATTASK, at-task', _v.t._ to task. [Pfx. _a-_, and TASK.]
ATTEMPER, at-tem'p[.e]r, _v.t._ to mix in due proportion: to modify or moderate: to adapt.--_p.adj._ ATTEM'PERED, tempered, mild, regulated. [O.
Fr. _atemprer_--L. _attemper[=a]re_--_ad_, to, and _temper[=a]re_. See TEMPER.]
ATTEMPT, at-temt', _v.t._ to try or endeavour: to try to obtain: tempt, entice: to make an effort or attack upon.--_v.i._ to make an attempt or trial.--_n._ a trial: endeavour or effort: a personal assault: (_Milton_) temptation: (_law_) any act which can fairly be described as one of a series which, if uninterrupted and successful, would constitute a crime.--_n._ ATTEMPTABIL'ITY.--_adj._ ATTEMPT'ABLE, that may be attempted.--_n._ ATTEMPT'ER (_Milton_), a tempter. [O. Fr. _atempter_--L.
_attent[=a]re_--_ad_, and _tem-pt_, _tent[=a]re_, to try--_tend[)e]re_, to stretch.]
ATTEND, at-tend', _v.t._ to wait on or accompany: to be present at: to wait for: to give attention (with _to_).--_v.i._ to yield attention: to act as an attendant: to wait, be consequent (with _to_, _on_, _upon_).--_ns._ ATTEND'ANCE, act of attending: (_B_.) attention, careful regard: presence: the persons attending; ATTEND'ANCY (_obs._), attendance, a retinue: (_obs._) relative position.--_adj._ ATTEND'ANT, giving attendance: accompanying.--_n._ one who attends or accompanies: a servant: what accompanies or follows: (_law_) one who owes a duty or service to another.--_ns._ ATTEND'ER, one who gives heed: a companion:--_fem._ ATTEN'DRESS; ATTEND'MENT (_Sir T. Browne_), attention.--_adj._ ATTENT'
(_Spens._), giving attention.--_n._ (_Spens._) attention.--IN ATTENDANCE ON, waiting upon, attending. [O. Fr. _atendre_--L. _attend[)e]re_--_ad_, to, _tend[)e]re_, to stretch.]
ATTENTION, at-ten'shun, _n._ act of attending, as in to pay, give, call, or attract attention: steady application of the mind: heed: civility, courtesy: care.--_interj._ (_mil._) a cautionary word used as a command to execute some manoeuvre.--_adj._ ATTENT'IVE, full of attention: courteous, mindful.--_adv._ ATTENT'IVELY.--_n._ ATTENTI'VENESS. [L.
_attention-em_--_attend-[)e]re_. See ATTEND.]
ATTENUATE, at-ten'[=u]-[=a]t, _v.t._ to make thin or lean: to break down into finer parts: to reduce in density: reduce in strength or value, simplify.--_v.i._ to become thin or fine: to grow less.--_n._ ATTEN'UANT, anything possessing this property.--_adjs._ ATTEN'UATE, ATTEN'UATED, made thin or slender: dilute, rarefied:--_n._ ATTENU[=A]'TION, process of making slender: reduction of intensity, density, or force: specially in homeopathy, the reduction of the active principles of medicines to minute doses. [L. _attenu[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_--_ad_, to, _tenuis_, thin.]
ATTEST, at-test', _v.t._ to testify or bear witness to: to affirm by signature or oath: to give proof of, to manifest: (_obs._) to call to witness.--_v.i._ to bear witness.--_n._ (_Shak._) witness, testimony.--_adjs._ ATTEST'ABLE, ATTEST'ATIVE.--_ns._ ATTEST[=A]'TION, act of attesting: administration of an oath; ATTEST'OR, ATTEST'ER, one who attests or vouches for. [L. _attest[=a]ri_, _ad_, to, _testis_, a witness.]
ATTIC, at'ik, _adj._ pertaining to Attica or to Athens: chaste, refined, elegant like the Athenians.--_v.t._ ATT'ICISE, to make conformable to the language or idiom of Attica.--_v.i._ to use the idioms of the Athenians: to side with the Athenians, to affect Attic or Greek style or manners.--_n._ AT'TICISM.--ATTIC SALT, wit of a dry, delicate, and refined quality. [Gr.
_Attikos_, Attic, Athenian, _Attik[=e]_, Attica, perh. from _akt[=e]_, headland, though connected by some with _astu_, city.]
ATTIC, at'ik, _n._ (_archit._) a low story above the cornice that terminates the main part of an elevation: a room in the roof of a house.
[Introduced in architecture from the idea that the feature to which it alluded was constructed in the Athenian manner.]
ATTIRE, at-t[=i]r', _v.t._ to dress, array, or adorn: to prepare.--_n._ dress: any kind of covering, even the plants that clothe the soil: (_Shak._) a dress or costume.--_ns._ ATTIRE'MENT, ATTIR'ING. [O. Fr.