APPOSE, a'p[=o]z, _v.t._ to apply one thing to another, e.g. a seal to a document: to place side by side. [Formed from L. _appon[)e]re_, _-positum_.]
APPOS[=I]TE, ap'poz-[=i]t, _adj._ adapted: suitable.--_adv._ AP'POSITELY.--_n._ AP'POSITENESS. [L. _appositus_, pa.p. of _appon[)e]re_, to put to--_ad_, to, _pon[)e]re_, to put.]
APPOSITION, ap-poz-ish'un, _n._ the act of adding: state of being placed together or against: juxtaposition: (_gram._) the annexing of one noun to another, in the same case or relation, in order to explain or limit the first: also used of a public disputation by scholars, and still the word in use for the 'Speech Day' at St Paul's School, London.--_adjs._ APPOSI'TIONAL; APPOS'ITIVE, placed in apposition. [See APPOSITE.]
APPRAISE, ap-pr[=a]z', _v.t._ to set a price on: to value with a view to sale: to estimate the amount and quality of anything.--_adj._ APPRAIS'ABLE.--_ns._ APPRAIS'AL, appraisement; APPRAISE'MENT, a valuation: estimation of quality; APPRAIS'ER, one who values property: one who estimates quality. [Late in appearing; for some time used in the same sense as _praise_. Perh. formed on analogy of the synonymous PRIZE, APPRIZE.]
APPRECIATE, ap-pr[=e]'shi-[=a]t, _v.t._ to estimate justly, to be fully sensible of all the good qualities in the thing judged: to estimate highly: to raise in value, to advance the quotation or price of, as opposed to _depreciate_.--_v.i._ to rise in value.--_adj._ APPR[=E]'CIABLE.--_adv._ APPR[=E]'CIABLY.--_n._ APPRECI[=A]'TION, the act of setting a value on, also specially of a work of literature or art: just--and also favourable--estimation: rise in exchangeable value: increase in value.--_adjs._ APPR[=E]'CIATIVE, APPR[=E]'CIATORY, implying appreciation.--_n._ APPRECI[=A]'TOR, one who appreciates, or estimates justly. [L. _appreti[=a]tus_, pa.p. of _appreti[=a]re_--_ad_, to, and _pretium_, price.]
APPREHEND, ap-pre-hend', _v.t._ to lay hold of: to seize by authority: to be conscious of by means of the senses: to lay hold of by the intellect: to catch the meaning of: to consider or hold a thing as such: to fear.--_n._ APPREHENSIBIL'ITY.--_adj._ APPREHENS'IBLE.--_n._ APPREHEN'SION, act of apprehending or seizing: arrest: (_arch._) conscious perception: conception: ability to understand: fear: (_obs._) sensitiveness, sensibility to.--_adj._ APPREHENS'IVE, pertaining to the laying hold of sensuous and mental impressions: intelligent, clever: having an apprehension or notion of: fearful: anticipative of something adverse.--_n._ APPREHENS'IVENESS. [L. _apprehend[)e]re_--_ad_, to, _prehend[)e]re_, _-hensum_, to lay hold of.]
APPRENTICE, ap-prent'is, _n._ one bound to another to learn a trade or art: one learning the rudiments of anything, a novice.--_v.t._ to bind as an apprentice.--_ns._ APPRENT'ICEHOOD (_Shak._), apprenticeship; APPRENT'ICESHIP, the state of an apprentice: a term of practical training: specially, a period of seven years.--TO SERVE APPRENTICESHIP, to undergo the training of an apprentice. [O. Fr. _aprentis_, _aprendre_, to learn--L.
_apprehend[)e]re_. See APPREHEND.]
APPRISE, ap-pr[=i]z', _v.t._ to give notice: to inform. [Fr. _apprendre_, pa.p. _appris_--L. _adprend[)e]re_. See APPREHEND.]
APPRIZE, -ISE, a-pr[=i]z', _v.t._ (_Scots law_) to put a selling price on: to value, appreciate.--_n._ APPRIZ'ER, a creditor for whom an appraisal is made. [O. Fr. _apriser_--_a_, to, and _prisier_, to price, prize. See APPRAISE, PRAISE, and PRIZE.]
APPROACH, ap-pr[=o]ch', _v.i._ to draw near: to draw nigh (of time or events): to come near in quality, condition, &c.: (_arch._) to come into personal relations with a person.--_v.t._ to come near to: to resemble: attain to: to bring near in any sense.--_n._ a drawing near to in military attack, in personal relations: access: a path or avenue: approximation: (_pl._) trenches, &c., by which besiegers strive to reach a fortress.--_n._ APPROACHABI'LTY.--_adj._ APPROACH'ABLE. [O. Fr. _aprochier_, Low L.
_adpropiare_--L. _ad_, to, _prope_, near.]
APPROBATION, ap-prob-[=a]'shun, _n._ formal sanction: approval: (_Shak._) confirmation.--_v.t._ AP'PROBATE, to approve authoritatively (_obs._ except in U.S.): (_Scots law_) to approve of as valid.--_adjs._ AP'PROBATORY, AP'PROBATIVE, of or belonging to one who approves.--TO APPROBATE AND REPROBATE, a phrase in Scotch law which means that no one can be permitted to accept and reject the same deed or instrument, analogous in the law of England to Election. [See APPROVE.]
APPROOF, ap-pr[=oo]f', _n._ trial, proof: sanction, approbation.
APPROPINQUATE, ap-pro-pink'w[=a]t, _v.i._ to come near to.--_ns._ APPROPINQU[=A]'TION, APPROPIN'QUITY. [L. _appropinqu[=a]re_, to approach--_ad_, to, and _propinquus_, near (_prope_).]
APPROPRIATE, ap-pr[=o]'pri-[=a]t, _v.t._ to make the private property of any one: to take to one's self as one's own: to set apart for a purpose: (_arch._) to select as suitable (with _to_).--_adj._ set apart for a particular purpose: peculiar: suitable.--_adv._ APPROPRIATELY.--_ns._ APPR[=O]'PRIATENESS; APPROPRI[=A]'TION, the act of appropriating: in Church law, the making over of a benefice to an owner who receives the tithes, but is bound to appoint a vicar for the spiritual service of the parish: in Constitutional law, the principle, that supplies granted by parliament are only to be expended for particular objects specified by itself.--_adj._ APPR[=O]'PRIATIVE.--_ns._ APPR[=O]'PRIATIVENESS; APPR[=O]'PRIATOR, one who appropriates.--APPROPRIATION CLAUSE, a clause in a parliamentary bill, allotting revenue to any special purpose or purposes. [L. _appropri[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_--_ad_, to, _proprius_, one's own. See PROPER.]
APPROVE, a-pr[=oo]v', _v.t._ to show, demonstrate (also reflexively): to sanction or ratify: to think well of, to be pleased with, to commend: (_Shak._) to put to the trial, hence also, to convict upon proof.--_v.i._ to judge favourably, to be pleased (with _of_).--_adj._ APPROV'ABLE, deserving approval--_ns._ APPROV'AL, the act of approving: approbation; APPROV'ER, one who approves: (_law_) an accomplice in crime admitted to give evidence against a prisoner.--_adv._ APPROV'INGLY. [O. Fr.
_aprover_--L. _approb[=a]re_--_ad_, to, and _prob[=a]re_, to test or try--_probus_, good.]
APPROVE, a-pr[=oo]v', _v.t._ (_law_) to turn to one's profit, increase the value of. [Confused with APPROVE, but from O. Fr. _aproer_, _approuer_--_a_, to (L. _ad_), and _pro_, _prou_, advantage. See PROW-ESS.]
APPROVEN, ap-pr[=oo]v'n, old _pa.p._ of APPROVE.
APPROXIMATE, ap-proks'im-[=a]t, _adj._ nearest or next: approaching correctness.--_v.t._ to bring near.--_v.i._ to come near, to approach.--_adv._ APPROX'IMATELY.--_n._ APPROXIM[=A]'TION, an approach: a result in mathematics not rigorously exact, but so near the truth as to be sufficient for a given purpose.--_adj._ APPROX'IMATIVE, approaching closely. [L. _approxim[=a]re_, _-atum_--_ad_, to, _proximus_, nearest, superl. of _prope_, near.]
APPUI, ap-w[=e]', _n._ the reciprocal action between the mouth of the horse and the rider's hand.--_vs.t._ APPUI, APPUY, to support, e.g. to post troops in order to support.--POINT D'APPUI, a point at which troops form as a base of operations. [O. Fr. _apuyer_--Low L. _appodia-re_--L. _ad_, to, and _podium_, support (Fr. _puy_, a hill).]
APPULSE, ap-puls', _n._ a striking against: the approach of a planet to a conjunction with the sun or a star.--_n._ APPUL'SION.--_adj._ APPUL'SIVE.
[L. _appuls-us_--_appell-[)e]re_, _ad_, towards, _pell-[)e]re_, to drive.]
APPURTENANCE, ap-pur'ten-ans, _n._ that which appertains to: an appendage or accessory: (_law_) a right belonging to a property.--_adj._ and _n._ APPUR'TENANT. [O. Fr. _apurtenance_. See APPERTAIN.]
APRICATE, ap'ri-k[=a]t, _v.i._ to bask in the sun.--_v.t._ (_rare_) to expose to sunlight.--_n._ APRIC[=A]'TION. [L. _appricat-_, _apric[=a]ri_, to bask in the sun, _apricus_, open to the sun.]
APRICOT, [=a]'pri-kot, _n._ a fruit of the plum kind, roundish, pubescent, orange-coloured, of a rich aromatic flavour--older form A'PRICOCK. [Port.
_albricoque_ (Fr. _abricot_)--Ar. _al-birquq_. But _b[=i]rquq_ is a corr.
of Late Gr. _praikokion_, which is simply the L. _praecoquum_ or _praecox_, early ripe; the form is perh. due to a fancied connection with L.
_apricus_, sunny. See PRECOCIOUS.]
APRIL, [=a]'pril, _n._ the fourth month of the year.--_n._ A'PRIL-FOOL, one sent upon a bootless errand on the 1st of April, perhaps a relic of some old Celtic heathen festival. In Scotland called _gowk_ (a cuckoo, a fool).
[L. _Aprilis_, usually regarded as from _aperire_, as the month when the earth opens to bring forth new fruits.]
A PRIORI, [=a] pri-[=o]'r[=i], a term applied to reasoning from what is prior, logically or chronologically, e.g. reasoning from cause to effect; from a general principle to its consequences; even from observed fact to another fact or principle not observed, or to arguing from pre-existing knowledge, or even cherished prejudices; (_Kant_) from the forms of cognition independent of experience.--_ns._ APRI[=O]'RISM, APRI[=O]'RITY; APRI[=O]'RIST, one who believes in Kant's view of a priori cognition. [L.
_a_, _ab_, from, _priori_, abl. of _prior_, preceding.]
APRON, [=a]'prun, _n._ a cloth or piece of leather worn before one to protect the dress, or as part of a distinctive official dress, as by Freemasons, &c.--aprons of silk or the like are often worn by ladies for mere ornament: the short cassock ordinarily worn by English bishops: anything resembling an apron in shape or use, as a gig-apron, &c.--_v.t._ to cover with, as with an apron.--_adj._ A'PRONED.--_ns._ A'PRON-MAN (_Shak._), a man who wears an apron, a mechanic; A'PRON-STRING, a string by which an apron is attached to the person.--TO BE TIED TO A WOMAN'S APRON-STRINGS, to be bound to a woman as a child is bound to its mother.
[O. Fr. _naperon_--_nappe_, cloth, tablecloth--L. _mappa_, a napkin.]
APROPOS, a-pro-p[=o]', _adv._ to the purpose: appropriately: in reference to (with _to_ and _of_).--_adj._ opportune. [Fr. _a propos_. See PROPOSE.]
APSE, aps, _n._ an arched semicircular or polygonal recess at the east end of the choir of a church--here, in the Roman basilica, stood the praetor's chair.--_adj._ AP'SIDAL.--_n._ APSID'IOLE, a secondary apse, as one of the apses on either side of the central or main apse in a church of triapsidal plan. [See APSIS.]
APSIS, ap'sis, _n._ one of the two extreme points in the orbit of a planet, one at the greatest, the other at the least distance from the sun: one of the two points in the orbit of a satellite--one nearest to, the other farthest from, its primary; corresponding, in the case of the moon, to the perigee and apogee:--_pl._ APSIDES (ap'si-d[=e]z).--_adj._ AP'SIDAL. [L.
_apsis_--Gr. _hapsis_, a connection, an arch--_hapt-ein_, to connect. See APT.]
APT, apt, _adj._ liable: ready for or prone to anything: prompt, open to impressions (with _at_).--_adv._ APT'LY.--_n._ APT'NESS. [L. _apt-us_, fit, suitable, apposite; cog. with Gr. _hapt-ein_.]
APTEROUS, ap't[.e]r-us, _adj._ without wings.--_adj._ AP'TERAL, without wings: (_archit._) without lateral columns. [Gr. _a_, neg., _pteron_, a wing.]
APTERYX, ap't[.e]r-iks, _n._ a bird found in New Zealand, wingless and tailless, reddish-brown, about the size of a large hen. [Gr. _a_, neg., _pteryx_, wing.]
APTITUDE, apt'i-t[=u]d, _n._ fitness: tendency: readiness, teachableness, talent (with _for_). [Low L. _aptitudo_--L. _apt-us_.]
APTOTE, ap't[=o]t, _n._ a noun without any variation of cases. [Gr.
_apt[=o]tos_--_a_, priv., _pt[=o]sis_, a falling, a case--_pipt-ein_, to fall.]
APYRETIC, a-pir-et'ik, _adj._ without pyrexia or fever, especially of those days in which the intermission of fevers occurs in agues--_n._ APYREX'IA.
[Gr. _a_, neg., and _pyretos_, fever.]
AQUA-FORTIS, [=a]'kwa-for'tis, _n._ nitric acid, a powerful solvent, hence used figuratively.--_ns._ AQUAFORT'IST, one who prepares etchings or engravings by means of aqua-fortis; A'QUA-MIRAB'ILIS, a preparation distilled from cloves, nutmeg, ginger, and spirit of wine; A'QUA-R[=E]'GIA, a mixture of nitric and hydrochloric acids, so called because it dissolves the royal metal, gold; A'QUA TOFA'NA, a poisonous fluid (prepared from arsenic) made in Palermo in the 17th cent. by a woman _Tofana_; A'QUA-VI'Tae, an old name for alcohol, used of brandy, whisky, &c.; cf. Fr.
_eau de vie_, and _usquebaugh_. [L. _aqua_, water, _fortis_, strong.]
AQUAMARINE, [=a]'kwa-ma-r[=e]n', _n._ the beryl.--_adj._ bluish-green, sea-coloured. [L. _aqua_, water, _mar[=i]na_--_mare_, the sea.]
AQUARELLE, ak-wa-rel', _n._ water-colour painting, or a painting in water-colours.--_n._ AQUAREL'LIST. [Fr.,--It. _acquerella_, _acqua_--L.
_aqua_.]
AQUARIUM, a-kw[=a]'ri-um, _n._ a tank or series of tanks for keeping aquatic animals, usually made mostly of glass, filled with either fresh or salt water, having rocks, plants, &c. as in nature: an artificial pond or cistern for cultivating water-plants:--_pl._ AQU[=A]'RIUMS, AQU[=A]'RIA.
[L.--_aqua_, water.]
AQUARIUS, a-kw[=a]'ri-us, _n._ the water-bearer, the eleventh sign of the zodiac, which the sun enters about 21st January, so called from the constellation of the same name, supposed to represent a man holding his left hand upward, and pouring with his right water from a vase into the mouth of the Southern Fish. [L.--_aqua_, water.]
AQUATIC, a-kwat'ik, _adj._ relating to water: living or growing in water.--_n.pl._ AQUAT'ICS, amusements on the water, as boating, &c.
AQUATINT, [=a]'kwa-tint, _n._ a mode of etching on copper, by which imitations are produced of drawings in Indian ink, &c.--also AQUATINT'A.--_v.t._ and _v.i._ A'QUATINT, to engrave in aquatint. [It.