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of Fr. _enseigne_. See ENSIGN.]

ANCILLARY, an'sil-ar-i, _adj._ subservient, subordinate (with _to_). [L.

_ancilla_, a maid-servant.]

ANCIPITAL, an-sip'i-tal, _adj._ two-headed: double: doubtful: (_bot._) two-edged and flattened.--Also ANCIP'ITOUS. [L. _anceps_, _ancipit-is_, double--_an_ for _amb_, on both sides, and _caput_, the head.]

ANCOME, ang'kum, _n._ (_prov._--Scot. _income_) a small inflammatory swelling, coming on suddenly. [Same as INCOME.]

AND, and, _conj._ signifies addition, or repetition, and is used to connect words and sentences, to introduce a consequence, &c.--in M. E. (but not A.S.) it was used for _if_, and often also with added _if_, as in Luke xii.

45. _An_ became common for _and_ in this sense, as often in Shakespeare.--It sometimes expresses emphatically a difference in quality between things of the same class, as 'there are friends ... _and_ friends.'

[A.S., and in the other Teut. lang.; prob. allied to L. _ante_, Gr. _anti_, over against.]

ANDANTE, an-dan'te, _adj._ and _n._ (_mus._) moving with moderate and even expression: a movement or piece composed in andante time.--_adj._ ANDANTI'NO, of a movement somewhat slower than andante, but sometimes meaning 'with less of andante' = somewhat quicker.--ANDANTE AFFETTUOSO, slow but pathetically; ANDANTE CANTABILE, slow, but in a singing style; ANDANTE CON MOTO, slow, but with emotion; ANDANTE GRAZIOSO, slow, but gracefully; ANDANTE MAESTOSO, slow, with majesty; ANDANTE NON TROPPO, slow, but not too much so. [It.--pr.p. of _andare_, to go.]

ANDEAN, an-d[=e]'an, _adj._ of or like the Andes Mountains.

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ANDIRON, and'[=i]-urn, _n._ the iron bars which support the ends of the logs in a wood fire, or in which a spit turns. [O. Fr. _andier_ (Mod. Fr.

_landier_--_l'andier_); Low. L. _anderius_, _andena_; further ety. dubious, perhaps ultimately cog. with END. The termination was early confused with _iron_, hence the spellings _and-iron_, _hand-iron_.]

ANDROCEPHALOUS, an-dro-sef'a-lus, _adj._ having a human head, as a sphinx or Assyrian bull. [Gr. _an[=e]r_, _andros_, a man, _kephal[=e]_, a head.]

ANDROGYNOUS, an-droj'i-nus, _adj._ having the characteristics of both male and female in one individual: hermaphrodite: (_bot._) having an inflorescence of both male and female flowers--also ANDROG'YNAL (_rare_).--_n._ ANDROG'YNY, hermaphroditism. [Gr.; _an[=e]r_, _andros_, a man, and _gyn[=e]_, woman.]

ANDROID, an'droid, _n._ an automaton resembling a human being.--Also ANDR[=O]'IDES.

ANDROMEDA, an-drom'e-da, _n._ a genus of shrubs of the heath family: the name of a northern constellation. [_Andromeda_, in Greek mythology, a maiden bound to a rock, and exposed to a sea-monster, but delivered by Perseus.]

ANE, [=a]n, or yin, Scotch form of ONE.

ANEAL, ANELE, an-[=e]l', _v.t._ to anoint with oil: to administer extreme unction. [M. E. _anele_, from an A.S. verb compounded of A.S. _on_, on, and _ele_, oil.]

ANEAR, a-n[=e]r', _adv._ nearly: near.--_prep._ near.--_v.t._ to approach, to come near to.

ANECDOTE, an'ek-d[=o]t, _n._ an incident of private life: a short story.--_n._ AN'ECDOTAGE, anecdotes collectively: garrulous old age.--_adjs._ AN'ECDOTAL, ANECDOT'ICAL, in the form of an anecdote. [Gr.; 'not published'--_a_, _an_, neg., and _ekdotos_, published--_ek_, out, and _didonai_, to give.]

ANELACE. See ANLACE.

ANELECTROTONUS, an'el-ek-trot'on-us, _n._ (_phys._) the diminished excitability of a nerve near the anode of an electric current passing through it.--_adj._ AN'ELEC'TRIC, parting readily with its electricity.--_n._ a body which readily gives up its electricity.--_n._ ANELEC'TRODE, the positive pole of a galvanic battery.--_adj._ AN'ELECTROT'ONIC. [Gr. _an_, up, _elektron_, amber.]

ANEMOGRAPH, a-nem'[=o]-graf, _n._ an instrument for measuring and recording the direction and velocity of the wind. [Gr. _anemos_, wind, _graphein_, to write.]

ANEMOMETER, a-ne-mom'et-[.e]r, _n._ an instrument for measuring the velocity or pressure of the wind.--_adj._ ANEMOMET'RIC.--_n._ ANEMOM'ETRY, the measurement of the force or velocity of the wind. [Gr. _anemos_, wind, and METER.]

ANEMONE, a-nem'o-ne, _n._ a plant of the crowfoot family.--_n._ SEA'-ANEM'ONE, a popular name of Actinia and some allied genera of Actinoza. [Gr. _anem[=o]ne_, said to be from _anemos_, wind, because some of the species love exposed and wind-swept situations.]

AN-END, an-end', _prep. phrase_, to the end, continuously: upright.--MOST AN-END, almost always.

ANENT, a-nent', _prep._ and _adv._ in a line with: against: towards: in regard to, concerning, about. [Mainly prov. Eng. and Scot., M.E.

_anent_--A.S. _on-_ _efen_, 'on even with' (dat.).]

ANEROID, an'e-roid, _adj._ denoting a barometer by which the pressure of the air is measured without the use of quicksilver or other fluid.--_n._ a contr. of 'aneroid barometer.' [Fr.--Gr. _a_, neg., _n[=e]ros_, wet.]

ANEURISM, an'[=u]r-izm, _n._ a soft tumour arising from the dilatation of an artery acting on a part weakened by disease or injury: (_fig._) any abnormal enlargement--_adjs._ AN'EURISMAL, AN'EURISMATIC. [Gr.

_aneurysma_--_ana_, up, _eurys_, wide.]

ANEW, a-n[=u]', _adv._ afresh: again. [OF and NEW.]

ANFRACTUOUS, an-fract-[=u]'us, _adj._ winding, involved, circuitous.--_n._ ANFRACTUOS'ITY. [L. _anfractuosus_, _anfract-us_.]

ANGEL, [=a]n'jel, _n._ a divine messenger: a ministering spirit: an attendant or guardian spirit: a person possessing the qualities attributed to such--gentleness, purity, &c.: one supposed to have a special commission, as the head of the Church in Rev. ii. and iii., or the _angel_ of the Catholic and Apostolic Church, who corresponds in a limited sense to the bishop of other Christian denominations: (_poet._) a messenger generally: in art, the conventional figure attributed to the angel--a figure of great beauty, youthful, clothed in flowing garments, with wings: an old Eng. coin = 10s., bearing the figure of an angel.--_n._ AN'GEL-FISH, a voracious fish, allied to the shark, from six to eight feet long, with large, wing-like pectoral fins.--_adjs._ ANGEL'IC (an-), ANGEL'ICAL.--_adv._ ANGEL'ICALLY.--_ns._ ANGELOL'ATRY ([=a]n-), angel-worship; ANGELOL'OGY, the doctrine regarding angels; ANGELOPH'ANY, the manifestation of an angel to man. [Gr. _angelos_, a messenger.]

ANGELICA, an-jel'i-ka, _n._ a genus of umbelliferous plants, the roots and seeds of some species of which are used in making gin, bitters, &c.--the tender stalks and midribs of the leaves are candied and used as a confection: confections.--_n._ AN'GEL-WAT'ER, a perfumed liquid, at first made largely from angelica, then from ambergris, rose-water, orange-flower water, &c. [From their supposed magical properties.]

ANGELUS, an'je-lus, _n._ the 'Hail, Mary,' or prayer to the Virgin, containing the angelic salutation: the bell rung in Roman Catholic countries at morning, noon, and sunset, to invite the faithful to recite the Angelic Salutation. [From its first words, _'Angelus_ domini nuntiavit Mariae.']

ANGER, ang'ger, _n._ a strong emotion excited by a real or fancied injury, and involving a desire for retaliation.--_v.t._ to make angry: to irritate.--_adj._ AN'GERLESS.--_advs._ AN'GERLY, a 17th-cent. form (still used in an archaic sense) for ANGRILY; ANG'RILY.--_n._ ANG'RINESS.--_adj._ ANG'RY, excited with anger: inflamed: lowering. [Ice. _angr_; allied to ANGUISH.]

ANGEVIN, an'je-vin, _adj._ pertaining to Anjou: relating to the Plantagenet house that reigned in England from 1154 to 1485, its first king, Henry II., being son of Geoffrey V., Count of Anjou, and Matilda, daughter of Henry I.

of England. By some the term Angevin is only allowed until the loss of Anjou under John (1204); by others, till the deposition of Richard II. in 1399.

ANGINA, an-j[=i]'na, _n._ any inflammatory affection of the throat, as quinsy, croup, &c.: usually in medical phraseology with adjective, as _Angina rheumatica_ = rheumatic sore throat.--ANGINA PECTORIS, a disease of the heart marked by paroxysms of intense pain, beginning at the breastbone and radiating thence mainly towards the left shoulder and arm. [L.

_ang[)i]na_. See ANGUISH.]

ANGIOCARPOUS, an-ji-[=o]-kar'pus, _adj._ having the fruit in an envelope distinct from the calyx. [Gr. _angeion_, a case, _karpos_, fruit.]

ANGIOSPERM, an'ji-o-sperm, _n._ a plant whose ovules or future seeds are enclosed in a closed ovary, and fertilised through the medium of a stigma, while in _Gymnosperms_ the ovule is naked, and the pollen is applied directly to its surface.--_adjs._ ANGIOSPERM'OUS, ANGIOSPERM'AL, ANGIOSPER'MATOUS.

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ANGLE, ang'gl, _n._ a corner: the point where two lines meet: (_geom._) the inclination of two straight lines which meet, but are not in the same straight line: any outlying corner or nook.--_adj._ ANG'ULAR, having an angle or corner: (_fig._) stiff in manner: the opposite of easy or graceful: bony and lean in figure.--_n._ ANGULAR'ITY.--_adj._ ANG'ULATED, formed with angles. [Fr.--L. _angulus_; cog. with Gr. _angkylos_; both from root _ank_, to bend, seen also in ANCHOR, ANKLE.]

ANGLE, ang'gl, _n._ a hook or bend: a fishing-rod with line and hook.--_v.i._ to fish with an angle.--_v.t._ to entice: to try to gain by some artifice.--_ns._ ANG'LER, one who fishes with an angle: a voracious fish about three feet long, not uncommon on British shores, and called also the _Fishing-frog_, the _Sea-devil_, and by the Scotch, _Wide-gab_; ANG'LING, the art or practice of fishing with a rod and line. [A.S.

_angel_, a hook, allied to ANCHOR.]

ANGLES, ang'glz, _n.pl._ the Low German stock that settled in Northumbria, Mercia, and East Anglia.

ANGLICAN, ang'glik-an, _adj._ English: belonging to, or characteristic of, the Church of England.--_n._ ANG'LICANISM, attachment to English institutions, esp. the English Church: the principles of the English Church.--_v.t._ ANG'LICISE, to express in English idiom.--_n._ ANG'LICISM, an English idiom or peculiarity of language.--_v.t._ ANG'LIFY, to make English.

ANGLO-, ang'glo, _pfx._ English--used in composition, as _Anglo_-Saxon, &c.--_ns._ ANG'LO-CATH'OLIC, one who calls himself a Catholic of the Anglican pattern, refusing the name of 'Protestant;' used adjectively, as in 'Anglo-Catholic Library;' ANG'LO-CATHO'LICISM.--_adj._ and _n._ ANG'LO-SAX'ON, applied to the earliest form of the English language--the term Old English is now preferred. Properly it should have referred only to the Saxons of Wessex, Essex, Middlesex, and Sussex, as distinct from the Angles.--_ns._ ANG'LO-SAX'ONDOM; ANGLO-SAX'ONISM.--ANGLO-ISRAELITE THEORY, an opinion held by not a few well-meaning persons, innocent of scientific ethnology, that the English are descended from the Israelites who were carried into captivity by the Assyrians under Sargon in 721 B.C.

ANGLOMANIA, ang'glo-m[=a]n'i-a, _n._ a mania for what is English: an indiscriminate admiration of English institutions.--_ns._ ANG'LOMAN (_rare_), ANG'LOM[=A]N'IAC.

ANGLOPHOBIA, ang-gl[=o]-f[=o]'bi-a, _n._ fear and dislike of England.--_ns._ AN'GLOPHOBE, ANGLOPH[=O]'BIST.--_adj._ ANGLOPH[=O]'BIC.

[Fr. _Anglophobe_--L. _Anglo-_, English, Gr. _phobein_, to fear.]

ANGORA, ang-g[=o]'ra, _n._ cloth made from the wool of the Angora goat.--ANGORA WOOL, the long white silky hair of the Angora goat, highly valued in manufactures. [_Angora_, a city of Asia Minor, famous for its breed of goats.]

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