ALEXANDRIAN, al-egz-an'dri-an, _adj._ relating to Alexandria in Egypt, or its school of philosophy: relating to Alexander.
ALEXANDRINE, al-egz-an'drin, _n._ a rhyming verse of twelve syllables, six iambic feet, so-called from its use in old French poems on _Alexander_ the Great. It is the ordinary verse of French tragedy. French Alexandrines are arranged in couplets, alternately acatalectic with masculine rhymes, and hypercatalectic with feminine rhymes.
ALFA, al'fa, _n._ an African name for esparto grass--also spelt HALFA.
ALFALFA, al-fal'fa, _n._ a Spanish name for a variety of lucerne--used also in some parts of the United States. [Sp. _alfalfa_, three-leaved grass; Ar.
_alfacfacah_.]
ALFRESCO, al-fresk'o, _adv._ on the fresh, as to paint _al fresco_ = on the fresh plaster: in the fresh or cool air. [It.]
ALGae, al'j[=e], _n._ (_bot._) a division of plants, embracing seaweeds.
[L., pl. of _alga_, seaweed.]
ALGATES, al'g[=a]ts, _adv._ (_obs._) always, altogether, at all events, nevertheless.--Also AL'GATE. [Lit. _alle gate_, every way. See GATE.]
ALGEBRA, al'je-bra, _n._ a method of calculating by symbols--by means of letters employed to represent the numbers, and signs to represent their relations, thus forming a kind of universal arithmetic.--_adjs._ ALGEBR[=A]'IC, -AL, pertaining to algebra.--_n._ ALGEBR[=A]'IST, one skilled in algebra. [It. and Sp., from Ar. _al-jebr_, the resetting of anything broken, hence combination; _jabara_, to reunite.]
ALGERINE, al'je-r[=e]n, _adj._ of or belonging to Algeria in Northern Africa.--_n._ a native of Algeria: a pirate.
ALGORISM, al'go-rizm, _n._ the Arabic system of numeration: arithmetic.--Also AL'GORITHM [Through O. Fr. and Late L. from Ar.
_al-khow[=a]razm[=i]_, the native of Khw[=a]razm, the mathematician Abu Ja'far Mohammed Ben Musa (9th century).]
ALGOUS, al'gus, _adj._ relating to or like the algae or seaweeds.
ALGUAZIL, al-gwaz'il, _n._ in Spain, a warrant officer or sergeant.
[Sp.--Ar. _al-waz[=i]r_. See VIZIER.]
ALGUM, al'gum. Same as ALMUG.
ALHAMBRESQUE, al-ham'bresk, _adj._ after the style of the rich ornamentation of the Alhambra, a palace of the Moorish kings of Granada in Spain.
ALIAS, [=a]'li-as, _adv._ otherwise.--_n._ an assumed name:--_pl._ A'LIASES. [L. _alias_, at another time, otherwise--_alius_, Gr. _allos_, other.]
ALIBI, al'i-b[=i], _n._ the plea that a person charged with a crime was elsewhere when it was committed. [L.--_alius_, other, _ibi_, there.]
ALICANT, al'i-kant, _n._ a Spanish wine formerly much esteemed, said to have been made near Alicante in Spain.
ALIEN, [=a]l'yen, _adj._ foreign: different in nature: adverse to.--_n._ one belonging to another country: one not entitled to the rights of citizenship.--_n._ AL'IENAGE, state of being an alien. [L.
_alienus_--_alius_, other.]
ALIENATE, [=a]l'yen-[=a]t, _v.t._ to transfer a right or title to another: to withdraw the affections: to misapply.--_adj._ withdrawn: estranged.--_n._ ALIENABIL'ITY.--_adj._ AL'IENABLE, capable of being transferred to another.--_ns._ ALIEN[=A]'TION; ALIEN[=A]'TOR.--_adj._ AL'IENED, made alien, estranged.--_n._ AL'IENISM, the position of being a foreigner. [L. See ALIEN.]
ALIENIST, [=a]l'yen-ist, _n._ one who specially treats mental diseases.
[Fr.]
ALIFE, a-l[=i]f', _adv._ (_obs._) on my life, as one's life, excessively.
ALIGHT, a-l[=i]t', _v.i._ to come down, as from a horse (_from_): to descend: to land anywhere (_upon_): to fall upon. [A.S. _alihtan_, to come down. See LIGHT, _v._]
ALIGHT, a-l[=i]t', _adj._ on fire: lighted up. [_a_, on, and LIGHT. See LIGHT, _n._]
ALIGN, a-l[=i]n', _v.t._ to regulate by a line: to arrange in line, as troops.--_n._ ALIGN'MENT, a laying out by a line: arrangement of soldiers in a line or lines: the ground-plan of a railway or road. [Fr.
_aligner_--L. _ad_, and _linea_, a line.]
ALIKE, a-l[=i]k', _adj._ like one another: having resemblance.--_adv._ in the same manner or form: equally: similarly. [A.S. _gelic_, _anlic_, _onlic_. See LIKE.]
ALIMENT, al'i-ment, _n._ nourishment: food: provision for maintenance, alimony: support.--_v.t._ to support, sustain: make provision for the maintenance of.--_adjs._ ALIMENT'AL, supplying food; ALIMENT'ARY, pertaining to aliment: nutritive.--_ns._ ALIMENT[=A]'TION, the act or state of nourishing or of being nourished; ALIMENT'IVENESS (_phrenol._), desire for food or drink; AL'IMONY, an allowance for support made to a wife when legally separated from her husband, or temporarily while the process is pending.--ALIMENTARY CANAL, the principal part of the digestive apparatus of animals, in man extending, with convolutions, about 30 feet from the mouth to the anus--including pharynx, oesophagus, stomach, small and large intestine, &c. [L. _alimentum--al[)e]re_, to nourish.]
ALINEATION. See ALLINEATION.
ALIPED, al'i-ped, _adj._ wing-footed.--_n._ an animal whose toes are connected by a membrane serving as a wing, as the bat. [L. _alipes_--_ala_, a wing, and _pes_, _pedis_, a foot.]
ALIQUANT, al'i-kwant, _adj._ an aliquant part of a number is one that will not divide it without a remainder, thus 5 is an aliquant part of 12. [L.
_aliquantum_, somewhat, _alius_, another, and _quantus_, how great.]
ALIQUOT, al'i-kwot, _adj._ such a part of a number as will divide it without a remainder. [L. _aliquot_, some, several--_alius_, other, _quot_, how many.]
ALISMA, al-iz'ma, _n._ a small genus of aquatic plants, the chief being the common water-plantain. [Gr.]
ALIVE, a-l[=i]v', _adj._ in life: susceptible. [Prep. _a = on_, and A.S.
_life_, dat. of _lif_, life.]
ALIZARIN, a-liz'a-r[=e]n, _n._ a colouring matter used in the dyeing of Turkey red, formerly extracted from madder, the commercial name of which in the Levant is _alizari_. [Fr.; Ar. _al_, the, and _'ac[=a]rah_, juice pressed out.]
ALKAHEST, ALCAHEST, al'ka-hest, _n._ the universal solvent of the alchemists. [A coinage of Paracelsus--on Arabic analogies.]
ALKALI, al'ka-li, or -l[=i], _n._ (_chem._) a substance which combines with an acid and neutralises it, forming a salt. Potash, soda, and lime are alkalies; they have an acrid taste (that of soap), and turn vegetable blues to green:--_pl._ AL'KALIES.--_n._ ALKALES'CENCY, tendency to become alkaline.--_adj._ ALKALES'CENT, tending to become alkaline: slightly alkaline.--_n._ ALKALIM'ETER, an instrument for measuring the strength of alkalies.--_adj._ ALKALINE (al'ka-l[=i]n, or -lin), having the properties of an alkali.--_n._ ALKALIN'ITY.--_v.t._ AL'KALISE, to render alkaline:--_pr.p._ al'kal[=i]sing; _pa.p._ al'kal[=i]sed. See ACID. [Ar.
_al_-_qal[=i]y_, ashes.]
ALKALIFY, al'ka-li-f[=i], _v.t._ to convert into an alkali.--_v.i._ to become alkaline:--_pr.p._ al'kalifying; _pa.p._ al'kalif[=i]ed.--_adj._ ALKALIF[=I]'ABLE, capable of being converted into an alkali. [ALKALI, and L. _fac[)e]re_, to make.]
ALKALOID, al'ka-loid, _n._ a vegetable principle possessing in some degree alkaline properties.--_adj._ pertaining to or resembling alkali. [ALKALI, and Gr. _eidos_, form or resemblance.]
ALKANET, al'ka-net, _n._ a plant, native of the Levant and Southern Europe, cultivated for its root, which yields a red colouring matter: the dye itself. [Sp. _alcaneta_.]
ALKORAN, _n._ Same as ALCORAN.
ALL, awl, _adj._ the whole of: every one of: any whatever.--_adv._ wholly: completely: entirely: (_Shak._) only, alone.--_n._ the whole: everything: the totality of things--the universe.--_n._ ALL'-FATH'ER, God.--ALL (_obs._), entirely, altogether, as in 'all to-brake' (Judges, ix. 53). The prefix _to-_ originally belonged to the verb (_to brecan_), but as verbs with this prefix were rarely used without _all_, the fact was forgotten, and the _to_ was erroneously regarded as belonging to the _all_. Hence came into use _all_-_to_ = wholly, utterly; ALL BUT, everything short of, almost; ALL IN ALL, all things in all respects, all or everything together--(_adverbially_) altogether; ALL OVER, thoroughly, entirely; ALL OVER WITH, finished, done with (also _coll._, ALL UP with); ALL RIGHT, a colloquial phrase expressing assent or approbation; ALL'S ONE, it is just the same; ALL TO ONE (_obs._), altogether.--AFTER ALL, when everything has been considered, nevertheless; AND ALL, and everything else; AND ALL THAT, and all the rest of it, _et cetera_; AT ALL, in the least degree or to the least extent.--FOR ALL, notwithstanding; FOR GOOD AND ALL, finally.--ONCE FOR ALL, once only. [A.S. _all_, _eal_; Ger. _all_, Gael. _uile_, W.
_oll._]
ALLAH, al'la, _n._ the Arabic name of the one God. [Ar. _al-ilah_, 'the worthy to be adored.']
ALLANTOIS, a-lan't[=o]-is, _n._ a membranous sac-like appendage for effecting oxygenation in the embryos of mammals, birds, and reptiles.--_adjs._ ALLANT[=O]'IC, ALLAN'TOID. [Gr. _allas_, a sausage.]
ALLAY, al-l[=a]', _v.t._ to lighten, relieve: to make quiet or calm.--_n._ ALLAY'MENT (_obs._), state of being allayed: state of rest: that which allays. [M. E. forms, _aleggen_, _aleyen_ (A.S. _a-lecgan_; lecgan, causal of _licgan_, to lie); identical in form, and accordingly confounded in meaning with M. E. words of Latin origin; _alegge_ (later _allege_, now obs.)--L. _allevi[=a]re_; _alaye_ (modern _allay_, _alloy_)--L.
_allig[=a]re_; _aleye_ (obs.)--L. _alleg[=a]re_; _alegge_ (modern _allege_)--Low L. _ex-litig[=a]re_.]
ALLAY, an obsolete form of ALLOY.