CONTROL, kon-tr[=o]l', _n._ restraint: authority: command.--_v.t._ to check: to restrain: to govern:--_pr.p._ contr[=o]l'ling; _pa.p._ contr[=o]lled'.--Formerly COMPTROLL', COUNTROL', CONTROUL'.--_adj._ CONTROL'LABLE, capable of, or subject to, control.--_ns._ CONTROL'LER, COMPTROL'LER, one who checks the accounts of others by a counter-roll; CONTROL'LERSHIP; CONTROL'MENT, act or power of controlling: state of being controlled: control. [Fr. _controle_, from _contre-role_, a duplicate register--L. _contra_, against, _rotulus_, a roll.]
CONTROVERT, kon'tro-v[.e]rt, _v.t._ to oppose: to argue against: to refute.--_adj._ CONTROVER'SIAL, relating to controversy.--_n._ CONTROVER'SIALIST, one given to controversy.--_adv._ CONTROVER'SIALLY.--_ns._ CON'TROVERSY, a debate: contest: resistance.--_adj._ CONTROVERT'IBLE.--_adv._ CONTROVERT'IBLY.--_n._ CON'TROVERTIST. [L. _contra_, against, and _vert-[)e]re_, to turn.]
CONTUMACIOUS, kon-t[=u]-m[=a]'shus, _adj._ opposing lawful authority with contempt: obstinate: stubborn.--_adv._ CONTUM[=A]'CIOUSLY.--_ns._ CONTUM[=A]'CIOUSNESS; CON-TUMAC'ITY; CON'TUMACY, obstinate disobedience or resistance. [L. _contumax_, _-acis_, insolent, from _con_, and _tum-[=e]re_, to swell, or _temn-[)e]re_, to despise.]
CONTUMELY, kon't[=u]-mel-i, _n._ rudeness: insolence: reproach.--_adj._ CONTUM[=E]'LIOUS, haughtily reproachful: insolent.--_adv._ CONTUM[=E]'LIOUSLY.--_n._ CONTUM[=E]'LIOUSNESS. [L. _contumelia_, which is prob. from the same source as _contumacy_.]
CONTUND, kon-tund', _v.t._ to bruise or pound.--_v.t._ CONT[=U]SE', to beat or bruise: to crush.--_n._ CONT[=U]'SION, act of bruising; state of being bruised; a bruise.--_adj._ CONT[=U]'SIVE, apt to bruise. [L.
_contund[)e]re_, _contusum_--_con_, and _tund[)e]re_, to bruise.]
CONUNDRUM, kon-un'drum, _n._ a sort of riddle containing some odd or fanciful resemblance between things quite unlike: any puzzling question.
[Ety. dub.]
CONVALESCE, kon-val-es', _v.i._ to regain health.--_ns._ CONVALES'CENCE, CONVALES'CENCY, gradual recovery of health and strength.--_adj._ CONVALES'CENT, gradually recovering health.--_n._ one recovering health.
[L. _con_, and _valesc-[)e]re_--_val-[=e]re_, to be strong.]
CONVALLARIA, kon-va-l[=a]'ri-a, _n._ a genus of _Liliaceae_, its only species the Lily-of-the-valley. [L. _convallis_, a sheltered valley.]
CONVECTION, kon-vek'shun, _n._ the process of transmission of heat or electricity through liquids or gases by means of currents.--_adj._ CONVEC'TIVE, occasioned by convection. [L.,--_con_, and _veh[)e]re_, to carry.]
CONVENANCE, kong've-nangs, _n._ what is suitable or proper: (_pl._) the conventional usages or social proprieties. [Fr.]
CONVENE, kon-v[=e]n', _v.i._ to come together: to assemble.--_v.t._ to call together.--_adj._ CONV[=E]'NABLE.--_n._ CONVEN'ER, one who convenes a meeting: the chairman of a committee. [Fr.,--L. _conven-[=i]re_, from _con_, together, and _ven[=i]re_, to come.]
CONVENIENT, kon-v[=e]n'yent, _adj._ suitable: handy: commodious.--_adj._ CONVEN'ABLE (_obs._), fitting.--_ns._ CONVEN'IENCE, CONVEN'IENCY, suitableness: an advantage: any particular domestic accommodation, as a closet, &c.--_adv._ CONVEN'IENTLY. [L. _conven[=i]re_.]
CONVENT, kon'vent, _n._ an association of persons secluded from the world and devoted to a religious life: the house in which they live, a monastery or nunnery.--_adj._ CONVENT'UAL, belonging to a convent.--_n._ a monk or nun; a member of one of the two divisions of the Franciscans, following a mitigated rule--the other being the _Observants_. [Through Fr. from L.
_convent-um_, _conven[=i]re_, to come together.]
CONVENTICLE, kon-vent'i-kl, _n._ applied in contempt to a meeting for worship of dissenters from the Established Church, applied esp. to the field-preachings of the Presbyterian ministers in the persecutions under Charles II. and James II.: any private, clandestine, or irregular meeting.--_v.i._ to hold such.--_n._ CONVEN'TICLER. [L. _conventiculum_, a secret meeting of monks, dim. of _conventus_.]
CONVENTION, kon-ven'shun, _n._ an assembly, esp. of representatives or delegates for some common object: any extraordinary assembly called upon any special occasion: any temporary treaty: an agreement: established usage: fashion.--_adj._ CONVEN'TIONAL, formed by convention: growing out of tacit agreement or custom: customary: not spontaneous.--_v.t._ CONVEN'TIONALISE.--_ns._ CONVENTIONALISM, that which is established by tacit agreement, as a mode of speech, &c.; CONVEN'TIONALIST, one who adheres to a convention, or is swayed by conventionalism; CONVENTIONAL'ITY, state of being conventional: that which is established by use or custom.--_adv._ CONVEN'TIONALLY.--_adj._ CONVEN'TIONARY, acting under contract.--_ns._ CONVEN'TIONER, CONVEN'TIONIST. [Fr.,--L. _convention-em_.
See CONVENE.]
CONVERGE, kon-v[.e]rj', _v.i._ to tend to one point.--_ns._ CONVER'GENCE, CONVER'GENCY, act or quality of tending to one point.--_adjs._ CONVER'GENT, CONVER'GING, tending to one point. [L. _con_, together, and _verg[)e]re_, to bend, to incline.]
CONVERSAZIONE, kon-v[.e]r-sat-se-[=o]'ne, _n._ a meeting for conversation, particularly on literary subjects:--_pl._ CONVERSAZI[=O]'NI (-n[=e]). [It.]
CONVERSE, kon-v[.e]rs', _v.i._ to have intercourse: to talk familiarly.--_n._ CON'VERSE, familiar intercourse: conversation.--_adj._ CONVERS'ABLE, disposed to converse: sociable.--_adv._ CONVERS'ABLY.--_ns._ CON'VERSANCE, CON'VERSANCY, state of being conversant: familiarity.--_adj._ CON'VERSANT, acquainted by study: familiar; (_B._) walking or associating with.--_n._ CONVERS[=A]'TION, intercourse: talk: familiar discourse; (_B._) behaviour or deportment.--_adj._ CONVERS[=A]'TIONAL.--_ns._ CONVERS[=A]'TIONALIST, CONVERS[=A]'TIONIST, one who excels in conversation; CONVERS[=A]'TIONISM, a colloquialism.--_adj._ CONVER'SATIVE, ready to talk.
[Fr.,--L. _convers[=a]ri_, to live with--_con_, inten., and _vers[=a]re_, to turn much--_vert[)e]re_, to turn.]
CONVERT, kon-vert', _v.t._ to change or turn from one thing, condition, or religion to another: to change from an irreligious to a holy life: to alter one thing into another: to apply to a particular purpose.--_n._ CON'VERT, one converted: one who has become religious, or who has changed his religion.--_adj._ CON'VERSE, reversed in order or relation.--_n._ that which is the opposite of another: a proposition converted or turned about--i.e. one in which the subject and predicate have changed places.--_adv._ CON'VERSELY.--_ns._ CONVER'SION, change from one thing, state, or religion to another: (_theol._) the conscious change of heart impelling the repentant sinner to a new life: appropriation to a special purpose: (_logic_) act of interchanging the terms of a proposition; CON'VERTEND, the proposition to be converted; CONVERT'ER, one who converts: a vessel in which materials are changed from one condition to another; CONVERTIBIL'ITY, CONVERT'IBLENESS.--_adjs._ CONVERT'IBLE, CONVER'SIVE (_obs._), that may be converted: equivalent.--_adv._ CONVERT'IBLY.--_n._ CON'VERTITE, a convert, a reformed woman. [L. _convert[)e]re_, _conversum_--_con_, and _vert[)e]re_, to turn.]
CONVEX, kon'veks, _adj._ rising into a round form on the outside, the reverse of _concave_.--_n._ the vault of heaven, &c.--_adj._ CONVEXED', made convex.--_adv._ CONVEX'EDLY.--_ns._ CONVEX'ITY, CON'VEXNESS, roundness of form on the outside.--_adv._ CON'VEXLY.--_adjs._ CONVEX'O-CON'CAVE, convex on one side, and concave on the other; CONVEX'O-CON'VEX, convex on both sides. [L. _convexus_--_conveh-[)e]re_--_con_, together, and _veh[)e]re_, to carry.]
CONVEY, kon-v[=a]', _v.t._ to carry: to transmit: to impart: to steal: to communicate, as ideas: to make over in law.--_adj._ CONVEY'ABLE.--_ns._ CONVEY'AL; CONVEY'ANCE, the means of conveying: a vehicle of any kind: (_law_) the act of transferring property: the writing which transfers it; CONVEY'ANCER, one whose business is the preparation of deeds for the transference of property; CONVEY'ANCING, the business of a conveyancer; CONVEY'ER. [O. Fr. _conveier_--L. _con_, along with, and O. Fr. _veie_--L.
_via_, a way.]
CONVICINITY, kon-vi-sin'i-ti, _n._ neighbourhood.
CONVICT, kon-vikt', _v.t._ to prove guilty: to pronounce guilty.--_n._ CON'VICT, one convicted or found guilty of crime, esp. one who has been condemned to penal servitude.--_ns._ CONVIC'TION, act of convincing: strong belief: a proving guilty: (_theol._) the condition of being consciously convicted of sin; CON'VICTISM, the convict system.--_adj._ CONVICT'IVE, able to convince or convict.--CARRY CONVICTION, to bear irresistibly the stamp or proof of truth; UNDER CONVICTION, in such a state of awakened consciousness. [From root of CONVINCE.]
CONVINCE, kon-vins', _v.t._ to subdue the mind by evidence: to satisfy as to truth or error: (_B._) to convict: to refute.--_n._ CONVINCE'MENT.--_adjs._ CONVINC'IBLE; CONVINC'ING, producing conviction.--_adv._ CONVINC'INGLY. [L. _convinc[)e]re_, _con_, sig.
completeness, and _vinc[)e]re_, _victum_, to conquer.]
CONVIVIAL, kon-viv'i-al, _adj._ feasting in company: relating to a feast: social: jovial.--_v.i._ CONVIVE' (_Shak._), to feast together.--_n._ a companion at table.--_ns._ CONVIV'IALIST, a convivial fellow; CONVIVIAL'ITY.--_adv._ CONVIV'IALLY. [L.,--_convivium_, a living together, a feast--_con_, together, and _viv[)e]re_, to live.]
CONVOKE, kon-v[=o]k', _v.t._ to call together: to assemble--also CON'VOC[=A]TE.--_n._ CONVOC[=A]'TION, act of convoking: a provincial synod of clergy, the ancient ecclesiastical council of the archbishop, esp. those of the provinces of Canterbury and York in the Church of England: the great legislative assembly of the university at Oxford and elsewhere.--_adj._ CONVOC[=A]'TIONAL.--_n._ CONVOC[=A]'TIONIST. [L. _convoc[=a]re_--_con_, together, and _voc[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_, to call.]
CONVOLVE, kon-volv', _v.t._ to roll together, or one part on another.--_adjs._ CON'VOLUTE, -D, rolled together, or one part on another.--_n._ CONVOL[=U]'TION, a twisting: a fold. [L. _con_, together, _volv[)e]re_, _-utum_, to roll.]
CONVOLVULUS, kon-vol'v[=u]-lus, _n._ a genus of twining or trailing plants, called also _Bindweed_. [L.,--_convolv[)e]re_.]
CONVOY, kon-voy', _v.t._ to accompany for protection.--_n._ CON'VOY, the act of convoying: protection: that which convoys or is convoyed, esp. a ship or ships of war guarding a fleet of merchant-vessels, also the ships so protected: an honourable escort: a supply of stores, &c., under escort.
[Fr. _convoyer_. See CONVEY.]
CONVULSE, kon-vuls', _v.t._ to agitate violently: to affect by spasms.--_adj._ CONVUL'SIBLE, subject to convulsion.--_n._ CONVUL'SION, any involuntary contraction of the voluntary muscles of the body, esp. such seizures in which the body is thrown into violent spasmodic contractions, the sensibility and voluntary motion being for a time suspended: any violent disturbance.--_adjs._ CONVUL'SIONAL, CONVUL'SIONARY, pertaining to convulsions.--_n.pl._ CONVUL'SIONARIES, a fanatical sect of Jansenists who sprang up in France about 1730.--_adj._ CONVULS'IVE, attended with convulsions: spasmodic.--_adv._ CONVULS'IVELY.--_n._ CONVULS'IVENESS. [L.
_con_, inten., and _vell[)e]re_, _vulsum_, to pluck, to pull.]
CONY, CONEY, k[=o]'ni, or kun'i, _n._ a rabbit: (_B._) translation of Heb.
_shaphan_, the _Hyrax syriacus_, or rock-badger: (_obs._) an equivocal term of endearment for a woman.--_n._ C[=O]'NY-BURR'OW, a rabbit-warren.--_v.t._ C[=O]'NY-CATCH (_Shak._), to cheat.--_ns._ C[=O]NY-CATCH'ER, a cheat; C[=O]'NY-WOOL, rabbits' fur. [Prob. through O. Fr. _connil_, from L.
_cuniculus_, a rabbit.]
CONYZA, k[=o]-n[=i]'za, _n._ a genus of strong-smelling herbaceous composite plants--applied formerly to the fleabanes. [Gr.]
COO, k[=oo], _v.i._ to make a sound as a dove: to caress fondly, usually in phrase, 'to bill and coo:'--_pr.p._ c[=oo]'ing; _pa.p._ c[=oo]ed.--_n._ the sound emitted by doves.--_adv._ COO'INGLY. [From the sound.]
COOEE, k[=oo]'[=e], COOEY, koo'i, _n._ the signal-call of the native Australians in the bush.--_v.i._ to make such.
COOF, kuf, _n._ (_Scot._) a stupid fellow. [Prob. M. E. _cofe_, the modern _Cove_, a fellow.]
COOK, kook, _v.t._ to prepare food: to manipulate for any purpose, or falsify, as accounts, &c.: to concoct.--_n._ one whose business is to cook.--_ns._ COOK'ERY, the art or practice of cooking; COOK'ERY-BOOK, a book of receipts for cooking dishes.--_n.pl._ COOK'ING-APP'LES, &c., apples, &c., sold specially for cooking.--_ns._ COOK'ING-RANGE, a stove adapted for cooking several things at once; COOK'-ROOM, a room in which food is cooked; COOK'-SHOP, an eating-house.--TO COOK ONE'S GOOSE (_slang_), to finish off, to kill. [A.S. _coc_, a cook (Ger. _koch_), borrowed from L. _coquus_.]
COOK, kook, _v.i._ to make the sound of the cuckoo.
COOK, kook, _v.i._ (_Scot._) to appear and disappear by turns.
COOKIE, kook'i, _n._ a kind of sweet cake used at tea.--_n._ COOKIE-SHINE, a tea-party. [Dut. _koekje_, a cake.]
COOL, k[=oo]l, _adj._ slightly cold: free from excitement: calm: not zealous, ardent, or cordial: indifferent: impudent: colloquially of a large sum of money, as 'a cool thousand.'--_v.t._ to make cool: to allay or moderate, as heat, excitement, passion, &c.--_v.i._ to grow cool.--_n._ that which is cool: coolness.--_n._ COOL'ER, anything that cools: a vessel in which something is cooled--e.g. 'a butter-cooler.'--_adjs._ COOL'-HEAD'ED, not easily excited: capable of acting with composure; COOL'ISH, somewhat cool; COOL'LY (_Spens._), cool.--_adv._ in a cool manner: indifferently: impudently.--_ns._ COOL'NESS, moderate cold: indifference: want of zeal; COOL'-TANK'ARD, a cooling drink of wine and water, with lemon-juice, spices, and borage: a local name of borage; COOLTH (_dial._), coolness. [A.S. _col_; Ger. _kuhl_. See COLD and CHILL.]
COOLIE, COOLY, k[=oo]l'i, _n._ an Indian or Chinese labourer who has emigrated under contract to a foreign land: a European's name for a hired native labourer in India and China. [Prob. _Kuli_, a tribe of Guzerat; or orig. Tamil, cf. _k[=u]li_, hire.]
COOM, k[=oo]m, _n._ matter that gathers at the naves of wheels: soot that gathers at the mouth of an oven: coal-dust. [Prob. conn. with Ger. _kahm_, mould gathered on liquids.]
COOM, k[=oo]m, _n._ (_Scot._) the wooden centering on which a bridge is built: anything arched or vaulted.--_adj._ COOM'-CEILED, said of a garret with the inside ceiling sloping from the wall. [Origin obscure.]
COOMB, COMB, k[=oo]m, _n._ a deep little wooded valley: a hollow on the flank of a hill. [A.S. _cumb_, a hollow.]