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CHEVAL-DE-FRISE, she-val'-de-fr[=e]z, _n._ a piece of timber armed with spikes, used to defend a passage or to stop cavalry:--_pl._ CHEVAUX-DE-FRISE (she-v[=o]'-).--_n._ CHEVAL'-GLASS, a large glass or mirror supported on a frame. [Fr.,--_cheval_, horse; _Frise_, Friesland.]

CHEVALIER, shev-a-l[=e]r', _n._ a cavalier: a knight: a gallant.

[Fr.,--_cheval_--L. _caballus_, a horse.]

CHEVELURE, shev'e-l[=u]r, _n._ a head of hair: a periwig: the nebulous part of a comet. [Fr.,--L. _capillatura_--_capillus_, hair.]

CHEVEN, chev'en, _n._ the chub.--Also CHEV'IN.

CHEVEREL, chev'[.e]r-el, _n._ a kid: soft, flexible leather made of kid-skin.--_adj._ like kid leather, pliable. [Fr. _chevreau_, a kid--_chevre_; L. _capra_, a goat.]

CHEVESAILE, chev'e-s[=a]l, _n._ an ornamental collar of a coat. [O. Fr.

_chevesaile_--_chevece_, the neck.]

CHEVIOT, ch[=e]'vi-ot, or chev'i-ot, _n._ a hardy breed of short-wooled sheep reared on the _Cheviot_ Hills: a cloth made from their wool.

CHEVISANCE, shev'i-zans, _n._ (_Spens._) achievement, performance.

[Fr.,--_chevir_, to accomplish; _chef_, the head, the end.]

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CHEVRON, shev'ron, _n._ a rafter: (_her._) the representation of two rafters of a house meeting at the top: the V-shaped band of worsted braid or gold lace worn on the sleeve of a non-commissioned officer's coat.--_adjs._ CHEVRONE', CHEV'RONED. [Fr. _chevron_ (Sp. _cabrio_), a rafter--L. _capreolus_, dim. of _caper_, a goat.]

CHEVY, chev'i, CHIVY, chiv'i, _n._ a cry, shout: a hunt.--_v.t._ to chase.

[Perh. from 'Chevy Chase,' a well-known ballad relating a Border battle.]

CHEW, ch[=oo], _v.t._ to cut and bruise with the teeth: to masticate: (_fig._) to meditate, reflect.--_n._ action of chewing: a quid of tobacco.--_ns._ CHEW'ET, a kind of pie or pudding made of various ingredients mixed together; CHEW'ING-GUM, a preparation made from a gum called _chicle_, produced by a Mexican tree allied to the india-rubber tree, sweetened and flavoured.--CHEW THE CUD, to masticate a second time food that has already been swallowed and passed into the first stomach: to ruminate in thought. [A.S. _ceowan_; Ger. _kauen_; cf. JAW.]

CHEWET, ch[=oo]'et, _n._ a chough; (_Shak._) a chatterer. [Fr. _chouette_, an owl.]

CHIAN, k[=i]'an, _adj._ pertaining to _Chios_ in the aegean Sea.

CHIANTI, k[=e]-an'ti, _n._ a red wine of Tuscany.

CHIAROSCURO, kyar'o-sk[=u]-ro, _n._ distribution or blending of light and shade, the art of representing light in shadow and shadow in light.

CHIASM, k[=i]'azm, _n._ (_anat._) a decussation or intersection, esp. that of the optic nerves--also CHIAS'MA.--_n._ CHIAS'MUS (_rhet._), contrast by parallelism in reverse order, as 'Do not live to eat, but eat to live.'--_adj._ CHIAS'TIC. [Gr. _chiasma_, two lines crossed as in the letter X.]

CHIAUS, chows, _n._ Same as CHOUSE.

CHIBOUK, CHIBOUQUE, chi-book', _n._ a long straight-stemmed Turkish pipe for smoking. [Turk.]

CHIC, sh[=e]k, _n._ style, fashion: adroitness.--_adj._ stylish, 'up to the mark.' [Fr.]

CHICA, ch[=e]'ka, _n._ an orange-red dye-stuff, obtained by boiling the leaves of the Bignonia, a climber of the banks of the Cassiquiare and the Orinoco. [Native name.]

CHICANE, shi-k[=a]n', _v.i._ to use shifts and tricks.--_v.t._ to deceive.--_n._ a trick or artifice.--_ns._ CHIC[=A]'NER, one who chicanes: a quibbler; CHIC[=A]'NERY, trickery or artifice, esp. in legal proceedings: quibbling; CHIC[=A]'NING, quibbling. [Fr. _chicane_, sharp practice at law, most prob. from Late Gr. _tzykanion_, a game at mall, _tzykaniz-ein_, to play at mall--Pers. _tchaug[=a]n_, a crooked mallet.]

CHICCORY. See CHICORY.

CHICH, chich, _n._ a dwarf pea. Same as CHICK-PEA.

CHICHA, ch[=e]ch'a, _n._ a South American liquor fermented from maize.

[Haytian.]

CHICK, chik, _n._ the young of fowls, esp. of the hen: a child, as a term of endearment.--_ns._ CHICK'A-BID'DY, CHICK'-A-DID'DLE, terms of endearment addressed to children; CHICK'EN, the young of birds, esp. of the hen: its flesh: a child: a faint-hearted person; CHICK'EN-HAZ'ARD, a game at dice (see HAZARD); CHICK'EN-HEART, a cowardly person.--_adj._ CHICK'EN-HEART'ED.--_ns._ CHICK'EN-POX, a contagious febrile disease, chiefly of children, and bearing some resemblance to a very mild form of small-pox; CHICK'LING, a little chicken; CHICK'WEED, a species of stitchwort, and one of the most common weeds of gardens and cultivated fields--for making poultices, and for feeding cage-birds, which are very fond of its leaves and seeds.--MOTHER CAREY'S CHICKEN, a sailor's name for the Stormy Petrel; NO CHICKEN, one no longer young. [A.S. _cicen_; cf. Dut.

_kieken_, Ger. _kuchlein_.]

CHICK-PEA, chik'-p[=e], _n._ a dwarf species of pea cultivated for food in the south of Europe and other places. [Fr. _chiche_--L. _cicer_, and PEA.]

CHICORY, CHICCORY, chik'o-ri, _n._ a plant whose long carrot-like root is ground to adulterate coffee.--Also SUC'CORY. [Fr. _chicoree_--L.

_cichorium_, succory--Gr. _kich[=o]rion_.]

CHIDE, ch[=i]d, _v.t._ to scold, rebuke, reprove by words: to be noisy about, as the sea.--_v.i._ to make a snarling, murmuring sound, as a dog or trumpet:--_pr.p._ chid'ing; _pa.t._ chid, (_obs._) ch[=o]de; _pa.p._ chid, chidd'en.--_ns._ CHID'ER (_Shak._), a quarrelsome person; CHID'ING, scolding. [A.S. _cidan_.]

CHIEF, ch[=e]f, _adj._ head: principal, highest, first: (_Scot._) intimate.--_adv._ chiefly.--_n._ a head or principal person: a leader: the principal part or top of anything: (_her._) an ordinary, consisting of the upper part of the field cut off by a horizontal line, generally made to occupy one-third of the area of the shield.--_ns._ CHIEF'-BAR'ON, the President of the Court of Exchequer; CHIEF'DOM, CHIEF'SHIP, state of being chief: sovereignty; CHIEF'ERY, an Irish chieftaincy: the dues paid to a chief; CHIEF'ESS, a female chief; CHIEF'-JUS'TICE (see JUSTICE).--_adj._ CHIEF'LESS, without a chief or leader.--_adv._ CHIEF'LY, in the first place: principally: for the most part.--_ns._ CHIEF'RY, a rent paid to the supreme lord: a chief's lands; CHIEF'TAIN, the head of a clan: a leader or commander:--_fem._ CHIEF'TAINESS; CHIEF'TAINCY, CHIEF'TAINSHIP; CHIEF'TAINRY.--IN CHIEF (_her._) means that the charge is borne in the upper part of the shield: applied to holding land directly from the sovereign: at the head, as commander-_in-chief_. [Fr. _chef_--L. _caput_, the head.]

CHIELD, ch[=e]ld, _n._ (_Scot._) a lad, a young man.--Also CHIEL. [A form of CHILD.]

CHIFF-CHAFF, chif'-chaf, _n._ a small species of Warbler, so called from the resemblance of its notes to the syllables which form its name.

CHIFFON, shif'ong, _n._ any merely ornamental part of a woman's dress.--_n._ CHIFFONIER', an ornamental cupboard: (_Fr._) a rag-picker.

[Fr.--_chiffe_, rag.]

CHIFFRE, sh[=e]'fr, _n._ (_mus._) a figure used to denote the harmony.

[Fr.]

CHIG, chig, _v.t._ (_prov._) to chew.--_n._ a chew, quid.

CHIGNON, sh[=e]'nyong, _n._ a general term for the long back-hair of women, when gathered up and folded into a roll on the back of the head and neck.

[Fr., meaning first the nape of the neck, the joints of which are like the links of a chain--_chainon_, the link of a chain--_chaine_, a chain.]

CHIGOE, chig'[=o], CHIGRE, CHIGGER, chig'[.e]r, _n._ a species of flea of the West Indies, the female of which buries itself beneath the toe-nails, and produces troublesome sores. [Fr. _chique_.]

CHIKARA, chi-ka'ra', _n._ a four-horned goat-like antelope of Bengal.

CHIKARA, chik'a'ra, _n._ a Hindu musical instrument of the violin class.

CHILBLAIN, chil'bl[=a]n, _n._ a localised inflammation of the skin which occurs in cold weather on hands and feet, more rarely on ears and nose.

[CHILL and BLAIN.]

CHILD, ch[=i]ld, _n._ an infant or very young person: (_Shak._) a female infant: one intimately related to one older: expressing origin or relation, e.g. child of the East, child of shame, child of God, &c.: a disciple: a youth of gentle birth, esp. in ballads, &c.--sometimes CHILDE and CHYLDE: (_pl._) offspring: descendants: inhabitants:--_pl._ CHIL'DREN.--_ns._ CHILD'-BEAR'ING, the act of bringing forth children; CHILD'BED, the state of a woman brought to bed with child; CHILD'BIRTH, the giving birth to a child: parturition; CHILD'-CROW'ING, a nervous affection with spasm of the muscles closing the glottis.--_adj._ CHILD'ED (_Shak._), possessed of a child.--_n._ CHILD'HOOD, state of being a child: the time of one's being a child.--_adjs._ CHILD'ING (_Shak._), fruitful, teeming; CHILD'ISH, of or like a child: silly: trifling.--_adv._ CHILD'ISHLY.--_ns._ CHILD'ISHNESS, CHILD'NESS, what is natural to a child: puerility.--_adjs._ CHILD'LESS, without children; CHILD'-LIKE, like a child: becoming a child: docile: innocent.--_n._ CHILD'-WIFE, a very young wife.--CHILD'S PLAY, something very easy to do: something slight.--FROM or OF A CHILD, since the days of childhood.--SECOND CHILDHOOD, the childishness of old age.--WITH CHILD, pregnant, e.g. GET WITH CHILD, BE or GO WITH CHILD. [A.S. _cild_, pl.

_cild_, later _cildru_, _-ra_. The Ger. equivalent word is _kind_.]

CHILDERMAS-DAY, chil'd[.e]r-mas-d[=a], _n._ an anniversary in the Church of England, called also _Innocents' Day_, held 28th December, to commemorate the slaying of the children by Herod. [CHILD, MASS, and DAY.]

CHILIAD, kil'i-ad, _n._ the number 1000: 1000 of anything.--_ns._ CHIL'IAGON, a plane figure having 1000 angles; CHIL'IAH[=E]DRON, a solid figure having 1000 sides; CHIL'IARCH, a leader or commander of a thousand men; CHIL'IARCHY, the position of chiliarch; CHIL'IASM, the doctrine that Christ will reign bodily upon the earth for 1000 years; CHIL'IAST, one who holds this opinion. [Gr.,--_chilioi_, 1000.]

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